Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus Among Ethnic Adult Population in an Urban Community in East Sikkim, India

Abstract

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus has become a major public health problem, more so in India, which contributes the most to global diabetes prevalence and the rate seems to be escalating. There is complexity of aetiologies and need for early diagnosis and treatment and the call for finding the burden. The aim of the study is to find the prevalence of diabetes and determine the factors associated with it amongst the native Sikkimese population of Tadong, East Sikkim. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study with total enumeration of population aged 20 years and above having domicile of Sikkim (874) was conducted in the urban field practice area of Urban Health Centre, Tadong, Gangtok, from August 2013-August 2014. Clinical-social data was collected, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure taken and FBG was measured after 8 hours of fasting using blood glucometer and then analysis was done using SPSS Software. RESULTS On the basis of study, the prevalence of diabetes was found to be 16.36%. Out of total 143 diabetics, 118 (82.5%) were previously diagnosed of diabetes. Diabetes significantly increased with increasing age. Family history, sedentary lifestyles, employment, WHR and BMI was significantly associated with diabetes. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of DM among different gender and different communities. CONCLUSION The present study reveals high prevalence of diabetes. This indicates the need for early screening and preventive measures to avoid complications.

Prevalence and susceptibility to diabetes mellitus using Indian diabetic risk score

“…11 In NUDS, 17% of diabetics had positive family H/O DM. 13 HTN was three times higher with light physical activity. 13 There is statistically significant difference of diabetes risk status ingender and educational status.…”

“…11 In the National Urban Diabetes Survey (NUDS) conducted in 2001-the prevalence was 12.1% and the prevalence of diabetes according to The Sentinel Surveillance Systems for CVDs at Trivandrum was 9.2%. 13,14 IDRS was statistically significant with Diabetes (P=0.035) and 76% belonged to moderate risk IDRS and 16% had high risk IDRS. According to the study done by Sanjay Kumar Gupta et al, 76% of Diabetics had high IDRS score.…”