Prevalence of dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania): Results of the Dyslipidemia International Study (DYSIS)

Viigimaa, Margus; Ērglis, Andrejs; Latkovskis, Gustavs; Mäeots, E.; Petrulionienė, Ž.; Šlapikas, Rimvydas; Gocentiene, Anete; Bramlage, Peter; Brudi, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.medici.2014.05.003

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania) appeared to be among the most profoundly CVD-affected countries within Europe with very high CV mortality rates compared to other countries in the EU [ 10 , 34 ]. It was explained by high prevalence of CV risk factors (dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes and hypertension) that may relate to a larger proportion of poorer and older people, patients with lower education, as well as those outside social support networks, problems in doctor-patient relationship, inadequate dosing of drugs, unhealthy lifestyle [ 36 , 37 ]. Comorbidity of depression and/or anxiety with CVD as a possible explanation has not been sufficiently examined in the Baltic region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of depression and anxiety with cardiovascular co-morbidity in a primary care population in Latvia: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2018

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BackgroundCardiovascular (CV) diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Globally, there is a growing interest in understanding and addressing modifiable psychosocial risk factors, particularly depression and anxiety, to prevent CVDs and to reduce morbidity and mortality. Despite the high premature mortality rate from CVDs in Latvia, this is the first Latvian study to examine the association of depression and anxiety with CVD morbidity in a primary care population.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was carried out in 2015 within the framework of the National Research Program BIOMEDICINE at 24 primary care facilities throughout Latvia. Consecutive adult patients during a one-week time period at each facility were invited to join the study. Assessments onsite included a 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and a 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) followed by a socio-demographic questionnaire and measurements of height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and total cholesterol. The diagnostic Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was conducted over the telephone within 2 weeks after the visit to the general practitioner. A multivariate model was developed using binary logistic regression.ResultsFrom the 1565 subjects (31.2% male), CVD was detected in 17.1%. Depression screening was positive (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) for 14.7%, and anxiety screening was positive (GAD-7 ≥ 10) for 10.1% of the study subjects. According to the MINI, 10.3% had current and 28.1% had lifetime depressive episode, and 16.1% had an anxiety disorder. Depression, not anxiety, was statistically significantly related to CVDs with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.52 (p = 0.04) for current depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) and 2.08 (p = 0.002) for lifetime depressive episode (MINI).ConclusionsCurrent depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) and a lifetime depressive episode (according to the MINI) were significantly associated with increased risk of CV morbidity. Therefore, CV patients should be screened and treated for depression to potentially improve the prognosis of CVDs. Enhanced training and integration of mental health treatment in Latvian primary care settings may improve clinical outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of depression and anxiety with cardiovascular co-morbidity in a primary care population in Latvia: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2018

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“…High-intensity statin utilization became more prominent only in recent years when a minor decline in mortality was observed. Furthermore, the Dyslipidemia International Study completed in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia revealed that many patients treated with statins did not meet the LDL-C and other lipid targets ( 24 ). Thus, 80.7% of all patients in the study had elevated LDL-C despite being on statin treatment, and in the very high CVD risk group, 86.5% of the patients did not attain their LDL-C goals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in statin utilization and ischemic heart disease mortality in Lithuania and Sweden, 2000–2020

Treciokiene,

Daukintyte,

Hjemdahl

et al. 2024

ujms

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Aims: To compare statin utilization and ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality trends in Lithuania and Sweden and to assess correlations between the total utilization of statins and IHD mortality. Methods: An ecological study assessing time trends in statin utilization (DDDs per 1000 inhabitants per day; DDD/TID) and IHD mortality in Lithuania and Sweden between 2000 and 2020. Statin utilization data in Lithuania were wholesale trade data, and Swedish data were drugs dispensed at pharmacies. IHD mortality data were extracted from national databases as rates per 100 000 inhabitants. Associations between statin utilization and IHD mortality in Lithuania and Sweden were examined using Spearman’s rank and Pearson’s correlation coefficients, respectively. Results: Statin utilization increased from 16.8 to 135.8 DDD/TID in Sweden and from 0.2 to 61.8 DDD/TID in Lithuania between 2000 and 2020. Medium intensity was the most common statin dosage in Lithuania, while Sweden used more high intensity than moderate-intensity statins from 2017. IHD mortality in Lithuania remained high between 2000 and 2020 (from 359.1 to 508.8 deaths per 100 000 population), while it decreased markedly in Sweden (from 226.87 to 88.7 deaths per 100 000 population). IHD mortality and statin utilization were inversely correlated in Sweden (r = -0.993, P < 0.001), while a positive correlation was found in Lithuania (rs = 0.871, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Despite the growing statin utilization in both countries, Lithuania recorded a slight increase in IHD mortality rates unlike the situation in Sweden. This indicates room for improvement in the management of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in Lithuania including how statins are prescribed and used in clinical practice.

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“…However, we do not have any reason to believe that the use of other medications would differ significantly between epilepsy-positive and negative subgroups within one cohort. Also, as dyslipidemia is a common disorder among the adult population [ 43 ], we were unable to rule out the presence of undiagnosed cases among the EstBB participants. Conversely, there might be participants with dyslipidemia who use statins or other lipid-modifying agents and therefore have normal blood lipid levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untargeted metabolomics profiling in pediatric patients and adult populations indicates a connection between lipid imbalance and epilepsy

Oja

Ilisson

Reinson

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction: Epilepsy is a common central nervous system disorder characterized by abnormal brain electrical activity. We aimed to compare the metabolic profiles of plasma from patients with epilepsy across different etiologies, seizure frequency, seizure type, and patient age to try to identify common disrupted pathways. Material and methods: We used data from three separate cohorts. The first cohort (PED-C) consisted of 31 pediatric patients with suspicion of a genetic disorder with unclear etiology; the second cohort (AD-C) consisted of 250 adults from the Estonian Biobank (EstBB), and the third cohort consisted of 583 adults ≥ 69 years of age from the EstBB (ELD-C). We compared untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics data between individuals with and without epilepsy in each cohort. Results: In the PED-C, significant alterations (p-value <0.05) were detected in sixteen different glycerophosphatidylcholines (GPC), dimethylglycine and eicosanedioate (C20-DC). In the AD-C, nine significantly altered metabolites were found, mainly triacylglycerides (TAG), which are also precursors in the GPC synthesis pathway. In the ELD-C, significant changes in twenty metabolites including multiple TAGs were observed in the metabolic profile of participants with previously diagnosed epilepsy. Pathway analysis revealed that among the metabolites that differ significantly between epilepsy-positive and epilepsy-negative patients in the PED-C, the lipid superpathway (p = 3.2*10-4) and phosphatidylcholine (p = 9.3*10-8) and lysophospholipid (p = 5.9*10-3) subpathways are statistically overrepresented. Analogously, in the AD-C, the triacylglyceride subclass turned out to be statistically overrepresented (p = 8.5*10-5) with the lipid superpathway (p = 1.4*10-2). The presented p-values are FDR-corrected. Conclusion: Our results suggest that cell membrane fluidity may have a significant role in the mechanism of epilepsy, and changes in lipid balance may indicate epilepsy. However, further studies are needed to evaluate whether untargeted metabolomics analysis could prove helpful in diagnosing epilepsy earlier. Keywords: epilepsy, metabolomics, lipidomics, phosphatidylcholines

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Prevalence of dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania): Results of the Dyslipidemia International Study (DYSIS)

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Association of depression and anxiety with cardiovascular co-morbidity in a primary care population in Latvia: a cross-sectional study

Association of depression and anxiety with cardiovascular co-morbidity in a primary care population in Latvia: a cross-sectional study

Trends in statin utilization and ischemic heart disease mortality in Lithuania and Sweden, 2000–2020

Untargeted metabolomics profiling in pediatric patients and adult populations indicates a connection between lipid imbalance and epilepsy

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