Prevalence of Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, Babesia canis vogeli, Hepatozoon canis, Bartonella vinsonii berkhoffii, and Rickettsia spp. in dogs from Grenada

Yabsley, Michael J.; McKibben, John Scott; Macpherson, C. N. L.; Cattan, Peggy F.; Cherry, Natalie A.; Hegarty, Barbara C.; Breitschwerdt, Edward B.; O’Connor, Tony; Chandrashekar, Ramaswamy; Paterson, Tara; Perea, Marta Lanza; Ball, Geoffrey; Friesen, Stanley R.; Goedde, Jill; Henderson, B.; Sylvester, Wayne

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.11.008

Cited by 136 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This phenomenon was also described in dogs from Thailand (SUKSAWAT et al, 2001b), Venezuela (SUKSAWAT et al, 2001a;HUANG et al, 2005), and Grenada (YABSLEY et al, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…However, these results were higher than those observed in Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro, 15.84% (FERREIRA et al, 2007), Jaboticabal, State of Sao Paulo, 8% (DAGNONE et al, 2009), and Ribeirao Preto, State of Sao Paulo, 14.9% (SANTOS et al, 2009). Moreover, prevalence levels of A. platys in the USA, Venezuela, Italy, and Grenada varied from 4% to 55% (KORDICK et al, 1999;HUANG et al, 2005;DE LA FUENTE et al, 2006;YABSLEY et al, 2008). The variation in the percentage of positive animals observed in different studies might be directly related to the canine population evaluated, the degree of exposure to ticks, and the diagnostic method utilized (SOLANO-GALLEGO et al, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Since there is a common vector for both diseases, coinfections in animals are frequent (KORDICK et al, 1999;YABSLEY et al, 2008;DAGNONE et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in household dogs from northern Parana

Silva

Benitez

Girotto

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused primarily by Ehrlichia canis and canine thrombocytic anaplasmosis induced by Anaplasma platys are important emerging zoonotic tick-borne diseases of dogs. There is evidence that these pathogens can also affect humans. This study evaluated the presence of E. canis and A. platys in blood samples collected from 256 domiciled dogs in the municipality of Jataizinho, located in north region of the State of Parana, Brazil, by PCR assay. The occurrence of E. canis and A. platys was 16.4% (42/256) and 19.4% (49/256), respectively; while 5.47% (14/256) of the dogs evaluated were co-infected by these two organisms. The presence of E. canis and A. platys was not significantly associated with the variables evaluated (sex, age, outdoor access, and presence of ticks during blood collection). Infection of dogs by E. canis was associated with anemia and thrombocytopenia, while infection induced by A. platys was related only to thrombocytopenia. Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis and canine thrombocytic anaplasmosis should be included in the differential diagnoses when these hematological alterations are observed during routine laboratory evaluation of dogs.Keywords: Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, canine thrombocytic anaplasmosis, PCR, anemia, thrombocytopenia. ResumoErliquiose monocítica canina, causada principalmente por Ehrlichia canis, e anaplasmose trombocítica canina, devida a infecção com Anaplasma platys, são importantes doenças transmitidas por carrapatos que acometem os cães, com evidências que podem também acometer o homem. O presente estudo avaliou a ocorrência desses agentes em amostras de sangue de 256 cães domiciliados na cidade de Jataizinho, na região Norte do Paraná, Brasil, utilizando a técnica da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR). A ocorrência de E. canis e A. platys foi de 16,4% (42/256) e 19,4% (49/256), respectivamente, com 5,47% (14/256) dos animais apresentando coinfecção. Não foi observada associação significativa com as variáveis sexo, idade, acesso à rua e presença de carrapatos no momento da coleta de sangue. A infecção por E. canis teve relação com anemia e com trombocitopenia, enquanto a infecção por A. platys apresentou relação apenas com trombocitopenia. Com base nos resultados obtidos, reforçou-se a necessidade de que erliquiose e anaplasmose canina devem estar entre os diagnósticos diferenciais, quando da detecção de anemia e trombocitopenia em exames laboratoriais.

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“…This phenomenon was also described in dogs from Thailand (SUKSAWAT et al, 2001b), Venezuela (SUKSAWAT et al, 2001a;HUANG et al, 2005), and Grenada (YABSLEY et al, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Occurrence of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in household dogs from northern Parana

Silva

Benitez

Girotto

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…A molecular survey was conducted among dogs in Grenada, in the Caribbean, and 7% were positive for H. canis (YABSLEY et al, 2008 (MUNDIM et al, 1992(MUNDIM et al, , 1994(MUNDIM et al, , 2008a, Rio de Janeiro (MASSARD, 1979;O'DWYER et al, 2001;SÁ et al, 2007), Rio Grande do Sul (MASSARD, 1979;LASTA et al, 2009), São Paulo (GONDIM et al, 1998RUBINI et al, 2005;O'DWYER et al, 2006) and, most recently, Pernambuco (DANTAS-TORRES et al, 2010;RAMOS et al, 2010). This infection has also been detected in domestic cats: in São Paulo (PEREZ et al, 2004), with molecular characterization demonstrating high similarity with H. canis (RUBINI et al, 2006); and in Maranhão, with Hepatozoon DNA showing more similarity with H. felis (DE BORTOLI et al, 2011).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Brazilian canine hepatozoonosis

O’Dwyer

2011

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The genus Hepatozoon includes hundreds of species that infect birds, reptiles, amphibians and mammals, in all continents with tropical and subtropical climates. Two species have been described in domestic dogs: H. canis, reported in Europe, Asia, Africa, South America and the United States; and H. americanum, which so far has only been diagnosed in the United States. In Brazil, the only species found infecting dogs is H. canis. The objective of this review was to detail some aspects of canine hepatozoonosis, caused by H. canis, and the main points of its biology, transmission, pathogenicity, symptoms, epidemiology and diagnostic methods, with emphasis on research developed in Brazil.

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“…These are not only more convenient and generally cheaper than traditional serological techniques (e.g., immunofluorescent antibody testing), they have the important advantage in the clinical setting of empowering the veterinarian to provide immediate treatment for the pet and advice to the owner. An additional benefit of these tests, often with in-kind support provided by the manufacturers, has been an increase in the number of cross-sectional serosurveys of CVBDs around the world, which have greatly furthered our understanding of their epidemiology and geographical distribution [41,42]. Nevertheless, it should be remembered that such tests also have limitations in terms of sensitivity (e.g., acute infections prior to antibody response) and specificity (e.g., cross-reactions between organisms), and some clinically significant diseases (e.g., acute babesiosis) are still probably best diagnosed by microscopy [43,44].…”

Section: Paradigm 2: Maintain the (Clinical) Vigilancementioning

confidence: 99%

It shouldn’t happen to a dog … or a veterinarian: clinical paradigms for canine vector-borne diseases

Irwin

2014

Trends in Parasitology

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Keywords:Canine, vector-borne diseases, zoonosis, emerging disease, diagnosis, travel medicine, compliance AbstractCanine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) comprise a diverse group of viral, bacterial, protozoal, and helminth pathogens, transmitted predominantly by ticks and fleas, and cause significant health problems for dogs worldwide. Growing numbers of reports indicate that CVBDs are emerging in regions where they previously did not exist and this, combined with pathogens that are inherently difficult to detect, is providing companion animal veterinarians with some significant diagnostic challenges. This review discusses six paradigms concerning the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and zoonotic implications of CVBDs from a veterinary clinical perspective. Veterinarians are the key professionals at the companion animal: human interface. Not only do they provide the traditional medical and surgical services for pets, their training in the disciplines of parasitology, microbiology, epidemiology, and public health place them in a unique position to provide advice about matters pertaining to vector-borne diseases. Despite this, emerging canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) pose a number of significant and complex challenges for veterinarians in clinical practice whose responsibility it is to diagnose and treat these companion animals, while at the same time remaining mindful of the potential for disease transmission to the owners and other people living in close proximity, as well as to other susceptible animals [5]. As will be discussed here, many CVBDs are caused by organisms that are inherently difficult to detect, frequently cause nebulous clinical signs in their canine hosts, and are sometimes zoonotic. In addition, the rapid progress of scientific research in this area itself poses further challenges of how best to distil and disseminate this knowledge to busy veterinary practitioners worldwide at a time when every aspect of clinical practice is becoming more complex. How should practitioners keep current with information in this area so that they can provide appropriate evidence-based advice to their clients?

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Prevalence of Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, Babesia canis vogeli, Hepatozoon canis, Bartonella vinsonii berkhoffii, and Rickettsia spp. in dogs from Grenada

Cited by 136 publications

References 38 publications

Occurrence of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in household dogs from northern Parana

Occurrence of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in household dogs from northern Parana

Brazilian canine hepatozoonosis

It shouldn’t happen to a dog … or a veterinarian: clinical paradigms for canine vector-borne diseases

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