Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella in Two Geographically Distant Commercial Beef Processing Plants in the United States

Rivera-Betancourt, Mildred; Shackelford, S. D.; Arthur, Terrance M.; Westmoreland, Kurt E.; Bellinger, Gina R.; Rossman, Michelle L.; Reagan, J. O.; Koohmaraie, M.

doi:10.4315/0362-028x-67.2.295

Cited by 127 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These results are alarming, as several authors have shown in their studies a total absence of Salmonella on the surface of carcasses. 24,[32][33][34][35][36] Nevertheless, of the differences in the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria between this study and the aforementioned ones may be due to differences in methods, sample sizes, frequency and time of collection, transportation and storage samples, sampling seasons and age of the animals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Evaluation of the microbiological quality of cattle carcasses in some slaughterhouses at Benin, West Africa

Ahouandjnou¹,

Baba-Moussa²,

Bonou³

et al. 2015

Int J Sci Rep

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Background: Slaughterhouse is one of the major critical points in meat hygiene with slaughtering being the stage of occurrence of most contamination risks.Methods: This study aimed to assess the microbiological quality of cattle carcasses in the slaughterhouses of Cotonou/Porto-Novo. Samples were collected by excision from four parts on each carcass (neck, shoulder, flank and thigh). A total of eighty (80) samples from twenty (20) carcasses were analysed. Bacteriological analysis was achieved according to APC. ISO 4833: 2003; ISO 21528-2 and ISO 6579: 2002 norms, respectively for evaluate the aerobic plate count, enteric bacteria count, and qualitative detection of Salmonella. Results: Results varied according to carcass parts, with no significant difference between the bacterial loads of these parts regarding the APC. However, a significant difference was observed between the load in enteric bacteria between the neck and the thigh. With respect to EC regulations (N° 2073/2005), the thigh is the most contaminated part with 100% unsatisfactory results for APC, as well as, enteric bacteria count together with high contamination by Salmonella (detected in 75% of thigh samples). Then following the shoulder, showing 100% unsatisfactory results for APC and enteric bacterial load with presence of Salmonella in 55% of samples.Conclusions: Although being the most contaminated site, the inner part of the thigh had the lowest contamination level with respect to APC.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Evaluation of the microbiological quality of cattle carcasses in some slaughterhouses at Benin, West Africa

Ahouandjnou¹,

Baba-Moussa²,

Bonou³

et al. 2015

Int J Sci Rep

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“…According to a literature survey carried out by Rhoades et al (2009), the mean prevalence of L. monocytogenes on hides was 12% (10-13%). Hide data may be an indication of the regional prevalence, as different results have been found for two distantly located beef processing plants (0.8 versus 18.7%) (Rivera-Betancourt et al, 2004). Low rates of contamination of pre-evisceration carcasses reported for the same two plants (0.0 versus 1.1%) are more likely related to their harvest practices and procedures (Rivera-Betancourt et al, 2004).…”

Section: Beefmentioning

confidence: 98%

Review. Dairy farm management and production practices associated with the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk and beef

Santorum

Garcia

López-Alonso

et al. 2012

Span. j. agric. res.

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Human listeriosis is a severe foodborne disease caused by Listeria monocytogenes. It is a zoonosis that represents a significant concern for the food industry due to the high mortality rate it causes and the fact that the organism is capable of growing at refrigeration temperatures. Dairy products and ready-to-eat meats are among the foods most often involved in listeriosis outbreaks. Listeria is a common contaminant in the dairy environment, both on the farm and in the processing plant. The main sources of L. monocytogenes in dairy farms are manure and improperly fermented silage. If silage crops are grown on contaminated land, a new cycle of silage contamination and faecal shedding by ruminants that consume such silage may ensue. High loads of L. monocytogenes produced in farm environments may thus represent a primary source for the introduction of this pathogen into the human food supply chain; dairy cows would represent a reservoir for the bacterium, and raw milk and beef would represent the main vehicles for its transmission from dairy farms to humans. Even if contamination originates in post-processing environments, contaminated raw foods may still represent a vehicle for introducing L. monocytogenes into food processing plants. Molecular typing methods have confirmed that common strains of L. monocytogenes are present in dairy farm-associated isolates and isolates from both human epidemic and sporadic cases. Pre-harvest (on-farm) control of listeriosis should be based mainly on the control of manure, silage, herd health and milking practices.Additional key words: animal reservoir; dairy primary production; environmental sources; food vehicles; listeriosis. ResumenRevisión. Tipos de gestión y producción de las granjas de ganado vacuno lechero relacionados con la presencia de Listeria monocytogenes en la leche y la carne La listeriosis humana es una grave enfermedad transmitida por alimentos y causada por Listeria monocytogenes. Se trata de una zoonosis que supone una gran preocupación para la industria alimentaria debido a su alta tasa de mortalidad y al hecho de que el microorganismo es capaz de crecer a temperaturas de refrigeración. Listeria es un contaminante habitual en las granjas y plantas de productos lácteos. En las granjas las fuentes principales de L. monocytogenes son el estiércol y los ensilados mal fermentados. Si la cosecha utilizada para producir ensilados procede de campos contaminados, puede comenzar un nuevo ciclo de contaminación de los ensilados y liberación del patógeno en las heces de los animales. El ganado vacuno lechero representa uno de los principales reservorios de este microorganismo y la leche y la carne representarían los principales vehículos para su transmisión desde la granja de producción de leche al ser humano. Incluso cuando la contaminación del alimento procede de etapas posteriores al procesado, los alimentos crudos contaminados también representan uno de los vehículos de entrada de L. monocytogenes en las plan-

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“…It has also been shown that some pathogenic bacteria, including VTEC and Salmonella, can be transferred from hides to carcasses during processing (Elder et al 2000, Reid et al 2003, Hussein and Bollinger 2005. The prevalence of pathogens in cattle identified during the slaughter process has varied considerably in the previously described surveys (Bell 1997, Scanga et al 2000, Madden et al 2001, Barkocy-Gallagher et al 2003, Rivera-Betancourt et al 2004, Brichta-Harhay et al 2008, Bosilevac et al 2009. The number of positive samples strongly depends on sampling strategies, time of the year, and the laboratory methods used during the studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in beef processing plants have been performed by Rivera-Betancourt et al (2004). A total of 1,032 bovine hides and the same number of corresponding carcasses were tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous occurrence of selected food-borne bacterial pathogens on bovine hides, carcasses and beef meat

Wieczorek¹,

Osek²

2010

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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The aim of this study was to determine the simultaneous occurence of Salmonella spp., L. monocytogenes, verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC), and Campylobacter spp. in slaughtered cattle and in beef meat subjected for human consumption. A total of 406 bovine hides and 406 corresponding carcasses were used to collect the samples with a swab method after exsanguination and evisceration of animals, respectively. Furthermore, 362 beef meat samples were purchased in local retail shops over the same period of time as for the bovine samples. Food-borne bacterial pathogens were identified with standard ISO methods with some modification by the use of PCR for VTEC. The isolated bacteria were then molecularly speciated (Campylobacter), serotyped (L. monocytogenes) and characterized for the presence of several virulence marker genes (VTEC and Campylobacter). It was found that 49 hide (12.1%) and 3 (0.7%) carcass samples were contaminated with more than one bacterial pathogen tested. Most of the hides were positive for Campylobacter spp. and VTEC (27 samples) and Campylobacter spp. together with L. monocytogenes (12 samples). Eight bovine hides contained L. monocytogenes and VTEC while L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. were detected in one sample. Furthermore, 3 pathogens (Campylobacter spp., L. monocytogenes and VTEC) were simultaneously identified in one bovine hide tested. In case of bovine carcasses 2 samples contained Campylobacter spp. and VTEC whereas one carcass was positive for L. monocytogenes and VTEC. On the other hand, 10 out of 362 (2.8%) minced beef samples were contaminated with at least two pathogens tested. The majority of these samples were contaminated with L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. (6 samples). It was noticed that equal number of C. jejuni and C. coli were found, irrespective of the origin of the samples. Most of the strains possessed more than one pathogenic factor as identified by PCR. Molecular serotyping of L. monocytogenes revealed that the majority of the isolates (27 out of 31; 87.1%) belonged to 1/2a serogroup. It was found that most of the VTEC isolates possessed the Shiga toxin stx2 gene (12 strains) whereas only 2 strains were stx1-positive. The eneterohemolysin and intimin markers were identified only in 7 and 2 isolates, respectively. PCR analysis revealed that 4 VTEC belonged to O91 serogroup, 2 strains were O145 and 1 isolate was identified as O113. None of the VTEC detected in the study was O157 serogroup.

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Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella in Two Geographically Distant Commercial Beef Processing Plants in the United States

Cited by 127 publications

References 30 publications

Evaluation of the microbiological quality of cattle carcasses in some slaughterhouses at Benin, West Africa

Evaluation of the microbiological quality of cattle carcasses in some slaughterhouses at Benin, West Africa

Review. Dairy farm management and production practices associated with the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk and beef

Simultaneous occurrence of selected food-borne bacterial pathogens on bovine hides, carcasses and beef meat

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