Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenemase Genes in Clinical Isolates ofEscherichia coliin Myanmar: Dominance ofbla_NDM-5and Emergence ofbla_OXA-181

Abstract

The increasing trend of Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases is a global public health concern. In this study, prevalence and molecular characteristics of E. coli harboring ESBL and carbapenemase genes were investigated for 426 isolates derived from various clinical specimens in a teaching hospital in Yangon, Myanmar, for the 1-year period beginning January 2016. A total of 157 isolates (36.9%) were ESBL producers and harbored CTX-M-1 group genes (146 isolates; bla, bla) or CTX-M-9 group genes (11 isolates; bla, bla). Carbapenem resistance was detected in 35 isolates (8.2%), among which 26 isolates had carbapenemase genes encoding NDM-1 (2 isolates), NDM-4 (6 isolates), NDM-5 (14 isolates), NDM-7 (3 isolates), and OXA-181 (2 isolates). bla was identified in phylogenetic groups A, B1, and D isolates belonging to various genotypes (ST101, ST354, ST405, ST410, ST1196) associated with bla, bla, bla, bla, bla, bla, qnrB, qnrS, or aac6'-Ib-cr. While two isolates with bla belonged to phylogenetic group A-ST410, one isolate had also bla, as well as bla and bla, and the other harbored bla and aac6'-Ib-cr, showing different resistance patterns. Phylogenetic group B2 isolates examined were classified into mostly ST131 and had solely bla or bla, harboring more virulence factors than other phylogenetic groups. The present study revealed high prevalence of ESBL genes represented by bla and dominance of bla among NDM genes, disseminating to various E. coli clones. Notably, carbapenemase gene encoding OXA-181 was first identified in Myanmar, suggesting its spread together with NDM genes.

See and Sequence: Integrating Whole-Genome Sequencing Within the National Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Program in the Philippines

“…At the global scale, we identified several high-risk clones of E. coli ST410, with evidence of frequent international transmission, in agreement with a previous report (19). Previous reports of carbapenem-resistant E. coli ST410 from the Western Pacific and South East Asia regions described the presence of blaOXA-181 in China (18,37), blaNDM-1 in Singapore (38), blaNDM-5 in South Korea (39), or the combination of blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-181 in Myanmar (40) and South Korea (39). The repertoire of carbapenemases in the retrospective collection of ST410 from the Philippines seemed to be in tune with the genes/variants circulating locally, as most isolates carried the prevalent variant blaNDM-1.…”

Genomic data reveal international lineages of critical priority Escherichia coli harbouring wide resistome in Andean condors (Vultur gryphus Linnaeus, 1758)

“…In recent years, human activity has decreased scavenger bird populations (Buechley & Şekercioğlu, 2016b; Ogada et al., 2012) and, indeed, wildlife rehabilitation centres receive several individuals each year due to diverse causes (Pavez & Estades, 2016). In this study, colonization of Andean condors admitted at two wildlife rehabilitation centres by globally disseminated E. coli clones belonging to ST162, ST602, ST1196 and ST1485 is reported for the first time (Aung et al., 2018; Coelho et al., 2011;; Gilrane et al., 2017; Hayashi et al., 2018; Jouini et al., 2013; Lalaoui et al., 2019; Nakamura et al., 2016; Nebbia et al., 2014; Oteo et al., 2018; Pulss et al., 2018; Stolle et al., 2013; Zhao, Feng, Lü, McNally, & Zong, 2017; EnteroBase database [https://enterobase.warwick.ac.uk/, accessed on March, 2020]). Worryingly, because these lineages carried a wide resistome, including clinically significant CTX‐M‐14, CTX‐M‐55 and CTX‐M‐65 ESBL genes, colonization by critical priority pathogens is highlighted.…”

Increasing Prevalence of ESBL-Producing Multidrug Resistance Escherichia coli From Diseased Pets in Beijing, China From 2012 to 2017

“…ST101 was reported to be strongly associated with the NDM genotype although most were NDM-1 rather than NDM-5. Recently, five bla NDM-5positive E. coli were identified associated with ST101 and ST1196 (Ranjan et al, 2016;Aung et al, 2018). In contrast, only two ST101 NDM-5-producing E. coli were observed in another study and most were ST167 and ST410 but were clonally spread in a hospital (Sun et al, 2019).…”