Prevalence of glaucoma in a Nigerian hospital

Usifoh, Stella Folajole; Udezi, WA; Omage, JO

doi:10.4314/jpb.v11i1.4

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In addition to these factors, poor awareness of glaucoma and low life expectancy in Nigeria could play a role in the decline in glaucoma prevalence [ 18 , 43 ]. Contrary to our findings, a hospital-based study in Benin City recorded a monthly increase in glaucoma prevalence from 10 to 27% [ 41 ] but failed to distinguish between glaucoma types. This increase might be attributed to greater glaucoma awareness, and higher socioeconomic status of the participants since data was from a private owned hospital.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that the prevalence reported in our study may have been underestimated as POAG is usually asymptomatic and people only seek for medical attention when it becomes severe and affect vision. Although the prevalence of POAG observed in this study was higher than previous reports from Nigeria [ 5 , 14 , 18 , 29 , 30 , 40 ], it was much lower than the 91.2% recorded in another hospital based study from Benin City [ 41 ]. Considering the rurality of this community, there is a high possibility that many remain cases of PAOG remain undetected in this population.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…Age is a risk factor for glaucoma [ 47 – 50 ] and this was also associated with glaucoma type in this study. Participants with NTG were younger than other glaucoma types even though the overall mean age of participants in this study was similar to previous studies [ 14 , 30 , 41 , 51 – 53 ]. This finding further confirms the importance of visual field and optic nerve assessment as part of the early screening of glaucoma in this population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The present study found no significant difference in glaucoma prevalence between male and females, which was similar to previous studies from Ghana [ 44 , 45 ]. In contrast, studies from Nigeria [ 5 , 40 , 41 ], Ghana [ 46 ] and South Korea [ 44 ] reported a higher prevalence in men than women. Moreover, gender predilection of glaucoma has not been established suggesting the need for more studies to determine the association of glaucoma with gender.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Prevalence and clinical profile of glaucoma patients in rural Nigeria—A hospital based study

et al. 2021

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Purpose To determine the prevalence and clinical presentation of participants with glaucoma attending a public eye care facility in Nigeria. Method Hospital based retrospective study of glaucoma participants aged 50 years and above seen over a 5-year period. Descriptive statistics summarized the demographic, clinical characteristics and treatment of the participants and determined the association of variables with gender and age. Prevalence of the glaucoma by type, and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were also calculated. Result Of the 5482 case files that were reviewed, 995 (18.15%, 95% Cl 17.15–19.19%) had glaucoma particularly primary open angle glaucoma (11.55%, 95%CI 10.73–12.42%) and were mostly females (564, 56.7%) aged 69 ± 12 years (range, 50–103 years). In contrast to other glaucoma types, the prevalence of primary angle closure glaucoma (3.68, 95%CI 3.22–4.22) increased by 15% over 5 years. The mean intraocular pressure ranged from 15–50 mmHg but higher in females than males (27.8 ± 6.1mmHg versus 26.6 ± 6.0 mmHg, P <0.05) who had comparable VA (0.58 ± 0.4 Log MAR) and cup-disc ratios (P >0.05). On presentation, the glaucoma hemi field test (GHFT) was outside the normal limits in 45.5% and 54.5% of males and females, respectively. The type of visual field defect was associated with glaucoma type (P = 0.047). Arcuate scotoma was most common (35.5%) across glaucoma types, paracentral scotoma more common in Secondary glaucoma while Seidel scotoma was highest in NTG (19.3%). Beta-blocker was the mainstay of management (42.2%) but more likely to be prescribed to males while more females received carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Conclusions The high prevalence of glaucoma in older people remains a public health problem in Nigeria. The fact that about half of the participants presented with visual field defect suggests there is a need for public health messages to emphasize on early glaucoma screening, detection and management.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Prevalence and clinical profile of glaucoma patients in rural Nigeria—A hospital based study

et al. 2021

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“…The participants involved in this study were mainly adults consistent with reports that the burden of glaucoma is high among adults. 11 12 There were more males than females in this study as the male-to-female ratio was 1.6:1, which is consistent with the findings in most clinic-based studies 13 14 15 in sub-Saharan Africa among patients with glaucoma. Poor socioeconomic status of women in Africa which serves as an obstacle to access to quality eye care might have led to the gender disparity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparative assessment of the goldmann applanation and noncontact tonometers in intraocular pressure measurements in a sample of glaucoma patients in the Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana

et al. 2020

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Objectives: The objective of the study was to explore the usage of the Goldmann applanation tonometry and noncontact tonometry interchangeably in the measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma patients. Materials and Methods: The study involved 441 clinically diagnosed glaucoma patients receiving care at a referral facility. IOP measurements were obtained using both the Noncontact tonometer and Goldmann applanation tonometer The repeatability of the measures was analyzed by comparing the repeated measures of the devices using paired t -test and calculating the correlation coefficient. A Bland–Altman analysis was used to determine the limits of agreement between the two procedures. Results: There were 271 (61.5%) males and 170 (38.5%) females and their age ranged from 18 to 73 years (mean age = 49.37; standard deviation ± 14.81 years). The findings of the study showed significantly lower readings ( P < 0.001) of the GAT (right eye = 17.40 ± 7.48 mmHg; left eye = 16.80 ± 7.49 mmHg) compared to the NCT (right eye = 20.15 ± 8.30 mmHg; left eye = 19.74 ± 8.31 mmHg). There was a strong positive correlation between the GAT and NCT findings in the right eye ( r = 0.871, n = 441, P < 0.001) and in the left eye ( r = 0.887, n = 441, P < 0.001). There was a wide limit of agreement between NCT and GAT measurements. Conclusion: There was statistically significant higher measures obtained with NCT than the GAT but did not exceed the allowable inter-device difference. There was a strong positive correlation between GAT and NCT measurements. However, it is strongly recommended that these devices are not used interchangeably in the monitoring of IOP in glaucoma due to the wide range of limits of agreement.

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Economic burden of glaucoma in Nigeria

Eze¹,

Bello²,

Umar³

et al. 2023

Nigerian Journal of Ophthalmology

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Aim: To estimate the direct health care cost of glaucoma in patients attending glaucoma clinic at National Eye Centre, Kaduna. Methods: The study was a hospital-based observational, cross-sectional study of 150 consecutive glaucoma patients on follow-up visits to the glaucoma clinic from November, 2017 to January, 2018. The study was conducted using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. The study investigated the patients’ monthly income, the method of funding glaucoma treatment, and cost of treatment of glaucoma. Data obtained were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 24 with level of significance set at 95% confidence interval. Results: There were a total of 150 patients who participated in the study, with a male-to-female ratio of M:F ratio is 1.2:1. Majority of respondents (65%) in the study were below the age of 60 years with a mean age of 55.36 (SD+/−13.7). The average monthly income of respondents was NGN 4,600 for unskilled workers, NGN 28,812 for skilled workers, and NGN 97,111 for professionals. The mean monthly direct health cost was NGN 9,954 and majority (91.7%) of the patients fund their treatment out of pocket. Only 14 (9.3%) patients were subscribers of the National Health Insurance Scheme. None among the unskilled and unemployed respondents had monthly direct costs below their average monthly income. The insured patients spent an average of 1.5% and 4.5%, respectively of their total monthly income on antiglaucoma medication and glaucoma surgery unlike the uninsured group who have spent 10.1% and 10.5%, respectively on medications and surgery. Conclusion: Data from this study have shown that up to one-tenth of the monthly income can be spent on glaucoma care alone. Health policy makers should consider making glaucoma a priority disease to ensure that patients on treatment have affordable, equitable, and of good quality in order to prevent consequent glaucoma-related blindness.

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Prevalence of glaucoma in a Nigerian hospital

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence and clinical profile of glaucoma patients in rural Nigeria—A hospital based study

Prevalence and clinical profile of glaucoma patients in rural Nigeria—A hospital based study

Comparative assessment of the goldmann applanation and noncontact tonometers in intraocular pressure measurements in a sample of glaucoma patients in the Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana

Economic burden of glaucoma in Nigeria

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