Prevalence of Glycemic Control and Factors Associated With Poor Glycemic Control: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Bitew, Zebenay Workneh; Alemu, Ayinalem; Jember, Desalegn Abebaw; Amsalu, Erkihun Tadesse; Getaneh, Fekadeselassie Belege; Sied, Awole; Weldeyonnes, Misrak

doi:10.1177/00469580231155716

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…The analysis revealed a significant improvement in treatment outcomes among patients with OGC compared to those with PGC. This finding is consistent with those of previous studies highlighting the importance of glycemic control in reducing the risk of complications and improving treatment responses in individuals with DM [ 17 , 18 ]. The ability to achieve OGC may enhance the body's immune response, leading to better control of the TB infection and a more favorable treatment outcome [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Impact of Optimal Glycemic Control on Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zhao,

Gao,

Zheng

et al. 2024

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of developing tuberculosis (TB), and optimal glycemic control has been shown to reduce the risk of complications and improve the TB treatment outcomes in patients with DM. Objective This study aims to investigate the role of glycemic control in improving TB treatment outcomes among patients with DM. Methods MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the impact of oral glycemic control in patients with TB who have DM. Outcomes of interest were radiological findings, treatment success, sputum positivity, and mortality. Evaluations were reported as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs using weighted random-effects models. Results The analysis included 6919 patients from 7 observational studies. Our meta-analysis showed significant differences between patients with optimal glycemic control and those with poor glycemic control with regard to improved treatment outcomes (RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02-1.25; P=.02; I²=65%), reduced sputum positivity (RR 0.23, 95% CI 0.09-0.61; P=.003; I²=66%), and fewer cavitary lesions (RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.51-0.68; P<.001; I²=0%) in radiological findings. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of mortality (RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.22-1.49; P=.25; I²=0%), multilobar involvement (RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.22-1.49; P=.25; I²=0%) on radiologic examination, and upper lobe (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.76-1.17; P=.58; I²=0%) and lower lobe (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.48-2.30; P=.91; I²=75%) involvement on radiologic examination. Conclusions We concluded that optimal glycemic control is crucial for reducing susceptibility, minimizing complications, and improving treatment outcomes in patients with TB with DM. Emphasizing effective health management and health care strategies are essential in achieving this control. Integrating comprehensive care among patients with TB with DM will enhance patient outcomes and alleviate the burden of disease in this population. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42023427362; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=427362

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Impact of Optimal Glycemic Control on Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zhao,

Gao,

Zheng

et al. 2024

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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“…The studies done have reported inconsistent ndings. Some researchers reported an association between alcohol use and treatment outcomes for HIV, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus (12)(13)(14) while other researchers reported no association (15)(16)(17). Findings from this study will help to inform interventions targeted at improving treatment outcomes of chronic diseases (HIV, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Then, all exposures with p-value (< 0.20) are added in the multivariate modi ed Poisson regression (24) to determine the association of alcohol use and each chronic disease treatment outcome adjusting for other factors. The nal model also includes exposure variables considered as apriori confounders including sex, age, tobacco use and wealth index (12)(13)(14). Interaction terms among alcohol use and exposure variables (age and sex) are checked for all the four models and all are not statistically signi cant.…”

Section: Covariatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Alcohol Use and Chronic Diseases’ Treatment Outcomes Among Adults Aged 40 Years and Above in Rural South Africa

Mupfuti,

Kabudula,

Francis

2024

Preprint

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Chronic diseases are significant problems in South Africa. Chronic diseases’ treatment outcomes are critical to the reduction of morbidity and mortality. There is limited data in South Africa on alcohol use and treatment outcomes of chronic diseases in older people. We analysed data from wave 1 of the Health and Ageing in Africa-a longitudinal Study in an INDEPTH community (HAALSI) study. We performed descriptive analysis to determine the prevalence of optimal chronic diseases’ treatment outcomes (suppressed HIV viral load, normal blood pressure and normal blood sugar) and applied multivariate modified Poisson regression to determine the association between alcohol use and chronic diseases’ treatment outcomes. The prevalence of optimal treatment outcomes were 87.4% for HIV, 42.7% for hypertension, 53.6% for diabetes mellitus and 52.4% for multimorbidity. Alcohol use did not negatively impact the treatment outcomes for HIV (aRR=1.00, 95%CI:0.93-1.09), hypertension (aRR=0.88, 95%CI:0.68-1.14), diabetes mellitus (aRR=0.73, 95%CI:0.44-1.22), and multimorbidity (aRR=1.00, 95%CI:0.93-1.09). Alcohol use was not significantly associated with treatment outcomes possibly due to underreporting of alcohol use. There is need to incorporate objective alcohol measurements in chronic diseases care settings. Furthermore, there is urgent need to strengthen the management of hypertension and diabetes, by adopting the strategies deployed for HIV management.

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“…However, it can be also the result of variations in practices, medical care and limited resources. [ 21 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics, glycemic control and outcomes of adults with type-2 diabetes mellitus attending specialized clinics in primary healthcare centers in Bahrain—A cross-sectional study

Alawainati,

Ayoob,

Naser

2023

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a global health challenge that requires continuous and multidisciplinary management. Suboptimal diabetes management results in serious complications that impose a huge burden on patients and the healthcare system. This study aimed to assess the characteristics, glycemic control and outcomes of patients with type-2 diabetes attending primary healthcare centers in Bahrain according to the new American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus attending diabetic clinics in Bahrain. A multi-stage sampling technique was adopted. The data collection tool consisted of three parts: baseline and sociodemographic data, the physical measures of the patients and the most recent laboratory results. An A1C of less than 7% was indicative of good glycemic control. Results: A total of 721 patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus were included with an average age of 58.4 years. Most patients were hypertensive (n = 457, 63.4%), and half of them were hyperlipidemic (n = 373, 51.7%). Around 57% (n = 402) of the patients adopted lifestyle modifications, 14.8% adopted diet control measures and around half performed weekly regular exercises. More than 92% of the cohort were on metformin, 52.0% (n = 375) were on Sulphonylurea medications and 41% (n = 298) were on insulin formulations. While only 40% of the patients had controlled diabetes (n = 283, 39.3%) and hypertension (n = 298, 41.3%), most patients achieved adequate cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels (83.2% and 76.6%, respectively). Non-Bahraini (P ≤ 0.001), young (P = 0.027) and obese patients (P = 0.003) had lower glycemic control measures. Adequate cholesterol levels were seen more in patients with a controlled glycemic index (P = 0.015). Conclusion: Considering the new glycemic targets, glycemic and hypertension control was poor among diabetic patients, especially non-Bahraini, obese and young patients. Urgent interventions by policymakers, physicians and caregivers are needed to improve the outcomes of diabetes.

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Prevalence of Glycemic Control and Factors Associated With Poor Glycemic Control: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Cited by 16 publications

References 124 publications

The Impact of Optimal Glycemic Control on Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Impact of Optimal Glycemic Control on Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Association Between Alcohol Use and Chronic Diseases’ Treatment Outcomes Among Adults Aged 40 Years and Above in Rural South Africa

Characteristics, glycemic control and outcomes of adults with type-2 diabetes mellitus attending specialized clinics in primary healthcare centers in Bahrain—A cross-sectional study

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