Prevalence of Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Testing by Anatomical Site Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in HIV Medical Care, United States, 2013–2014

Patel, Monita R.; Brooks, John T.; Tie, Yunfeng; Garg, Shikha; Bradley, Heather

doi:10.1097/olq.0000000000000691

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…HIV-infected individuals had approximately 75% lower odds of receiving repeat testing following an inconclusive result compared to HIV-uninfected individuals. These results parallel previous literature describing suboptimal GC/CT screening among HIV-infected persons, with annual GC/CT screening rates for at least one anatomical site estimated at 20–39% [12–14] and even lower estimated rates for rectal GC/CT screening at 9% [15]. These findings are particularly concerning as HIV-infected individuals are disproportionately affected by the current bacterial STI epidemic compared to those not living with HIV [1], highlighting the continued need for improved screening efforts to facilitate timely treatment and prevention of STI transmission.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Factors associated with repeat rectal Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis screening following inconclusive nucleic acid amplification testing: A potential missed opportunity for screening

et al. 2019

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ObjectiveGiven rising incidence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis (GC/CT), development of efficacious screening strategies is critical to interruption of the infection cycle. However, a small proportion of nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) results are inconclusive—resulting in delays in diagnosis and treatment. As such, this study seeks to evaluate factors associated with inconclusive rectal GC/CT NAAT.MethodsThis is a retrospective chart review of individuals who received an inconclusive rectal GC/CT NAAT result at a single institution from 3/2016-6/2018. Inconclusive GC/CT NAAT was defined as presence of PCR amplification inhibitors using Roche Cobas v2.0 CT/NG assay. Clinical charts were abstracted for age, gender, HIV status, GC/CT (urogenital, rectal, pharyngeal) and syphilis screening results during the study period, clinic type (HIV clinic, university student health center, other), and whether repeat testing occurred within 6 months following an inconclusive result. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate adjusted and unadjusted odds ratios of factors associated with receipt of repeat testing following an inconclusive rectal GC/CT NAAT result.ResultsDuring the study period, 6.1% (852/14,015) of rectal GC/CT NAAT were inconclusive for one or both of GC and CT. Among the 413 patients whose inconclusive rectal GC/CT NAAT results that were included in our analysis, 66.6% (275/413) received repeat testing within 6 months, of which 8.7% (24/275) were positive (compared to 5.4% positivity rate of all rectal samples). In multivariable analysis, individuals living with HIV had lower odds of receiving repeat testing following inconclusive rectal GC/CT NAAT compared to HIV uninfected individuals (adj OR 0.25; p = 0.001).ConclusionsDespite being disproportionately affected by the STI epidemic, individuals living with HIV had 75% lower odds of receiving repeat testing following inconclusive rectal GC/CT NAAT compared to HIV-uninfected individuals, representing potentially missed opportunities for treatment and prevention of ongoing STI transmission.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Factors associated with repeat rectal Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis screening following inconclusive nucleic acid amplification testing: A potential missed opportunity for screening

et al. 2019

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“…This value was derived from a previous model-based estimate of the national annual screening rate for MSM. 39s Men then had a 38% independent probability of also being screened at each of the rectal or pharyngeal sites, 10 , 11 , 15 ,40s,41s which translated into an approximate 23% probability of being screened at only the rectal site or only the pharyngeal site and a 14% probability of being screened at both sites in addition to urogenital screening. Asymptomatic patients received the standard level of care, which involved registering at the clinic upon arrival, consulting with a provider, undergoing a physical examination with sample collection by a provider, and counseling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Asymptomatic infections may serve as transmission reservoirs, 3 , 7 – 10 yet levels of extragenital asymptomatic screening are likely lower than recommended. 10 – 15 Potential explanations for this include provider time constraints and discomfort with taking sexual risk histories. 16 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Cost-Effectiveness of Express Multisite Gonorrhea Screening Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, comorbidities are common among STD pathogens. For instance, epididymitis, which causes pain and swelling almost always unilateral, can be accompanied by inflammation in the testes, especially viral orchitis (7,8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Men of 25 - 60 Years in Iran

et al. 2021

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Background: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), especially in men, can lead to multiple morbidities and facilitate the transmission of serious pathogens, such as the human immunodeficiency virus. The present study used the data from a nationwide survey on male morbidities to estimate the prevalence of STDs among men in Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study used the data from a nationwide project on male reproductive morbidities in 2007. A total of 2296 men within the age range of 25 - 60 years were recruited by systematic cluster sampling from four provinces (i.e., Golestan, Hormozgan, Kermanshah, and Isfahan, Iran). The data on the symptoms of STDs, including genital secretion, pushing out, itching or genital ulcers, and lymphadenopathy of the inguinal area after sexual contact, were collected by trained urologists. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS software (version18.0, Chicago, IL, USA). The independent samples t-test and chi-square test were used for data analysis. Results: A total of 2296 men with a mean age value of 39.95 ± 10.3 years were interviewed in this study. Two-thirds of all the subjects (75%) were aware of using condoms in suspected sexual relationships; however, only 69% of the aforementioned subjects used condoms in those circumstances. Overall, 14 subjects (0.6%) had one type of STDs at the study time. Moreover, 110 subjects (4.7%) answered “yes” to the question of whether they were referred to a physician for sexual problems. Conclusions: The prevalence of STDs is still low among the male population in Iran. Careful and well-designed surveillance systems to monitor the incidence of STDs and proper preventive measures to restrict the spread of sexually transmitted pathogens are among the proposed recommendations.

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Prevalence of Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Testing by Anatomical Site Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in HIV Medical Care, United States, 2013–2014

Abstract: Fewer than one-third of men who have sex with men were tested for Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis as part of HIV medical care in the United States in 2013 to 2014, and only 11.6% were tested for either sexually transmitted disease at an extragenital site.

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Factors associated with repeat rectal Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis screening following inconclusive nucleic acid amplification testing: A potential missed opportunity for screening

Factors associated with repeat rectal Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis screening following inconclusive nucleic acid amplification testing: A potential missed opportunity for screening

Modeling the Cost-Effectiveness of Express Multisite Gonorrhea Screening Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States

Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Men of 25 - 60 Years in Iran

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