Prevalence of group A Streptococcal infection in Africa to inform GAS vaccines for rheumatic heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Barth, Dylan D; Moloi, Annesinah; Mayosi, Bongani M.; Engel, Mark E

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.11.109

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Barth ve ark. [15] Afrika kıtasında yapılan çalışmaları ele aldıkları bir meta-analizde, 25 araştırma sonucunda farenjit tanısı almış hastalardaki (2 ay-92 yaş) AGBHS prevalansı %21 (%17-%26) olarak belirlenmiştir. Aynı çalışmada <18 yaş grubundaki oran %22, >18 yaş grubunda ise %21 idi.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…[3] araştırmasında ise yalnızca bir hastada (%1) yalancı pozitiflik saptanmıştır. Diğer bir çalışmada ise yalancı pozitiflik oranı %2,1 bulunmuştur [15] . Çalışmamızdaki SHAT yalancı pozitiflik oranı %9 bulunmuş ve bunun da olasılıkla normal boğaz florasında da bulunabilen non-AGBHS'lerden kaynaklandığı kanaatine varılmıştır.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigation of the Prevalence of Group A Beta-Haemolytic Streptococcus and Efficiency of Streptococcus Rapid Antigen Test in Patients Prediagnosed With Acute Tonsillopharyngitis in a University Hospital

Güler¹,

Süer²,

Güvenir³

et al. 2020

mjima

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Giriş: Akut tonsillofarenjit, özellikle çocuk yaş gruplarında hastaneye başvuru nedenlerinin en önemli enfektif nedeni kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Kuzey Kıbrıs'taki bir üniversite hastanesinde akut tonsillofarenjit ön tanısı almış hastalarda A grubu beta-hemolitik streptokok sıklığının araştırılması ve streptokok hızlı antijen saptama testinin (SHAT) tanıdaki etkinliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Hastanemize 01.09.2015-31.12.2017 tarihleri arasında başvuran ve akut tonsillofarenjit ön tanısı alan hastalar restrospektif olarak fiziki ve elektronik hasta kayıtlarından tarandı. Boğaz kültürü ve/veya streptokok hızlı antijen testi yapılan hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde kültür yöntemi altın standart test olarak kabul edildi. Verilerin istatistiksel analizi için SPSS Ver. 13.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, ABD) programı kullanıldı ve p<0,05 anlamlı kabul edildi. Bulgular: Çalışma grubunda bulunan akut tonsillofarenjit ön tanılı ve boğaz kültürü olan 1,023 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Bu hastaların 508'inin (%49,7) hem boğaz kültürü hem de SHAT sonuçları vardı. Yaş ortalaması 14,5 (0-89 arasında) olup, bunların 506'sı (%49,5) kadın ve 517'si (%50,5) erkekti. Hastalığın prevalansı tüm yaş gruplarında %14,9, 5-15 yaş grubunda ise %22,8 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Boğaz kültürü ve SHAT'de saptanan pozitiflik oranları 5-15 yaş grubunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek saptanmıştır (sırasıyla p=0,001, p=0,001). SHAT duyarlılığı %58, özgüllüğü %91, pozitif prediktif değeri %54 ve negatif prediktif değeri %93 idi. Sonuç: Streptokokal tonsillofarenjit sıklığı ve SHAT testinin etkinliğini değerlendirdiğimiz çalışmamızın sonuçları, Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti için ilk verileri oluşturmaktadır. SHAT testinin duyarlılığı nispeten düşük olsa da özgüllüğünün yüksek olması nedeni ile klinisyenlere hızlı tanı ve tedavi olanağı sağlayacağı ve uygunsuz antibiyotik kullanımını azaltacağı kanısındayız.Introduction: Acute tonsillopharyngitis is the most important infectious cause of hospital admission in pediatric age groups. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci in patients prediagnosed with acute tonsillopharyngitis in a university hospital in Northern Cyprus and determine the effectiveness of Streptococcus rapid antigen test (SRAT) in diagnosis. AbstractGüler ve ark. Streptokok Hızlı Antijen Testi Etkinliği Mediterr J Infect Microb Antimicrob 2019;8:38 BulgularÇalışmaya alınan 1023 hastanın 508'ine (%49,7) boğaz kültürü ve hızlı antijen testi, 515'ine (%50,3) ise sadece boğaz kültürü Materials and Methods: Patients with acute tonsillopharyngitis prediagnosis and admitted to our hospital between September 1, 2015 and December 31, 2017 were retrospectively screened from physical and electronic records. Patients with a throat culture and/or SRAT result were included in the study. Culture method was used as the golden standard. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 13.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) programme a...

show abstract

Section: Discussionunclassified

Investigation of the Prevalence of Group A Beta-Haemolytic Streptococcus and Efficiency of Streptococcus Rapid Antigen Test in Patients Prediagnosed With Acute Tonsillopharyngitis in a University Hospital

Güler¹,

Süer²,

Güvenir³

et al. 2020

mjima

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…RHD alone is estimated to be responsible for 10.7 million Disability Adjusted Life-Years and 306,000 deaths annually [ 13 ]. Sub-Saharan Africa has one of the highest RHD age-standardized prevalence and death rates worldwide, especially in urban areas [ 6 , 14 ]. Yet, Strep A infections are treatable with widely available, inexpensive antibiotics, making RHD a premature and preventable cause of death [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-seeking behaviour and beliefs around sore throat in The Gambia: A qualitative study

Suau Sans,

Manneh,

Ceesay

et al. 2024

PLOS Glob Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Group A Streptococcus (Strep A) bacteria causes a broad spectrum of diseases. The most common manifestations of Strep A infection are sore throat and pus-producing skin infections such as impetigo. Complications of Strep A infection can lead to inflammation in the bones, muscles, joints, and internal organs causing acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease (RHD). In The Gambia, the RHD burden is thought to be very high. However, epidemiological data is minimal, and Strep A control programmes do not exist. This study aimed to explore common beliefs and practices related to sore throats among primary caregivers of children, and healthcare providers in a community with a high Strep A disease burden. Four informal conversations with providers and fifteen semi-structured interviews with caregivers were conducted in the peri-urban area of Sukuta, The Gambia. Sampling was purposive and gradual, beginning from households identified to have recently experienced sore throat through a parallel cohort study. Themes explored in qualitative analysis included: sore throat causal attributions and diagnoses, care practises, health-seeking behaviour, and perceived barriers to using the biomedical sector. We found that sore throats were typically perceived to affect one child in a family, disproportionately or exclusively. Sore throats were rarely perceived as life-threatening, and awareness of links between sore throat and ARF or RHD was not reported among caregivers or providers in this study population. Most cases of sore throat were initially managed at home using traditional medicine which delayed resort to antibiotics, though in two instances of severe pain with the presence of exudate, fear that the child’s life was at risk prompted care-seeking through the formal health system. Our findings can inform the development of tailored strategies to increase community knowledge of the potential long-term consequences of sore throats and appropriate care-seeking, alongside improvements in the health system, to prevent Strep A sequelae effectively.

show abstract

“…According to global disease burden figures in 2005, WHO ranked GAS as the ninth leading cause of human mortality, with the majority of deaths attributable to invasive GAS infections and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) [ 2 ]. The prevalence of GAS disease is estimated at > 18.1 million cases with an incidence of > 1.78 million cases per year [ 1 , 5 ]. The most common infection caused by GAS is pharyngitis in children between 5 and 15 years of age [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Throat carriage rate, associated factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of group A Streptococcus among healthy school children in Jigjiga City, Eastern Ethiopia

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Group A Streptococcus has been recognized as an important human pathogen and it remains among the top ten causes of mortality from an infectious disease. Group A Streptococcus throat carriage plays an important role in the development of infection and transmission to contacts. In Ethiopia, there is little information about screening of children for group A Streptococcus carriage. Objective This study was aimed to assess the magnitude of throat carriage, associated factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of group A Streptococcus among healthy school children in Jigjiga city, Eastern Ethiopia from 12 April to 27 May 2021. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted enrolled by simple random sampling. Data on socio-demographic and related characteristics were gathered using pretested structured questionnaire. The throat sample was collected from 462 healthy school children and immediately transported to Jigjiga University Sultan Sheik Hassan referral hospital laboratory for investigation. Identification of group A Streptococcus was done by colony characterstics, gram staining, catalase negativity, bacitracin sensitivity, and Pyrrolidonyl arylamidase tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test was done on Muller-Hinton agar containing 5% sheep blood by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The data were coded, cleaned, and entered onto EpiData Version 3.1 then exported to SPSS version 26.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression through adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was used to determine the relationship between culture-positivity rates of GAS and predictor variables. A p-value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant on multivariable analysis. Results The overall prevalence of group A Streptococcus throat culture rate was 10.6% (95%CI; 8.1%—13.7%). Previous family member who had a sore throat, children living with larger families (more than 11 members), and children living with non-immediate families were significantly associated with culture-positivity rates of GAS. Children who live with a family member with a sore throat compared with those who lived with in a family with no history of sore throat (AOR = 2.51; 95%CI 1.09–5.73), children who live with a large family comared to children living in families with less members (AOR = 4.64; 95% CI 1.53–14.1), and children who live with non-immediate families compared to children living with their mothers (AOR = 3.65; 95% CI 1.39 – 9.61), showed significant association with group A Streptococcus carriage rate. Resistance to all other antibiotics tested was low (< 5%). Multidrug resistance was found in 4.1% of isolates. Conclusion The present study showed 10.6% throat carriage of group A Streptococcus. Family member with a sore throat, having a large family, and living with non-immediate families have all been identified as independent predictors of carriage prevalence.

show abstract

Prevalence of group A Streptococcal infection in Africa to inform GAS vaccines for rheumatic heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 45 publications

Investigation of the Prevalence of Group A Beta-Haemolytic Streptococcus and Efficiency of Streptococcus Rapid Antigen Test in Patients Prediagnosed With Acute Tonsillopharyngitis in a University Hospital

Investigation of the Prevalence of Group A Beta-Haemolytic Streptococcus and Efficiency of Streptococcus Rapid Antigen Test in Patients Prediagnosed With Acute Tonsillopharyngitis in a University Hospital

Health-seeking behaviour and beliefs around sore throat in The Gambia: A qualitative study

Throat carriage rate, associated factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of group A Streptococcus among healthy school children in Jigjiga City, Eastern Ethiopia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About