Prevalence of HBV and HBV vaccination coverage in health care workers of tertiary hospitals of Peshawar, Pakistan

Attaullah, Sobia; Khan, Sanaullah; Naseemullah,; Ayaz, Sultan; Khan, Shahid Niaz; Ali, Ijaz; Höti, Naseruddin; Siraj, Sami

doi:10.1186/1743-422x-8-275

Cited by 60 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Similar results of higher Anti-HCV antibody positivity were found among older HCWs [18]. Another study found that the age and employment duration strongly correlated with HBV prevalence [23]. Recently, a study carried out in Poland found that HBV occurred most frequently during the periods of 15-19, 20-24 and 25-29 years of employment (50% of cases), and it was lower for women than for men by 1.71 years (18.2 years versus 19.9 years) [37].…”

Section: Occupationsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Hepatitis B and C status among health care workers in the five main hospitals in eastern Libya

Elzouki

Elgamay²,

Zorgani

et al. 2014

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of hepatitis B and C transmission to health care workers (HCWs) in five major hospitals in eastern Libya and to analyze how the risk of these infections are affected by the type of occupation, hospital work place and working period. From July 2008 to June 2009, 601 HCWs (mean age: 32.90 ± 8.85 years) were tested for HBV and HCV markers using ELISA techniques. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on all positive samples of HBsAg and Anti-HCV antibody to determine the level of HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA viremia, respectively. The overall frequency of HBsAg positivity was 1.8%. Anti-HBc, HBeAg and Anti-HBe antibodies were found in 8.5%, 0.7% and 8.0% of samples, respectively. The HBV-DNA level was positive in 55% of all HBsAg-positive samples. Approximately half of the HCWs (51.4%) were Anti-HBs antibody positive. The overall positivity rate of Anti-HCV antibodies was 2.0%, and HCV-RNA was positive in 33.3% of these samples. Overall, 52% of HCWs reported receiving full vaccination doses (three doses) against HBV infection. Among them, anti-HBs positivity was approximately 98.0%. 3.9% of those who never received any HBV vaccination dose were HBsAg positive, compared to 1.3% HBsAg positive in those HCWs who had received one or two doses of hepatitis B vaccine (p=0.01 for all comparisons). Nurses and nurse-aides had the highest rates of both HBsAg and Anti-HCV among the studied HCWs (HBsAg: 2.1% and 3.2%; Anti-HCV: 3.2% and 4.9%, respectively). It is noteworthy that doctors also had a relatively high prevalence rate of Anti-HCV (2.2%). Obstetric wards, isolation room, dialysis units and dentist work places had higher frequencies of HBV. HCV was found to be higher in the medical and surgical wards (the prevalence varied between 3% and 5.6%). There was no significant difference between HBsAg status and the work period of HCWs. In conclusion, universal precautions should be applied for the care of all patients by all HCWs. Further, HBV vaccines should be more readily available for Libyan HCWs by reinforcing current vaccination programs.

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Section: Occupationsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In contrast, we observed lower prevalence rates than those found in Syria (6%), Cameroon (23.6%), Nigeria (13%), Pakistan (2.18%) and Uganda (8.1%) [20][21][22][23][24]. Anti-HBc, HBeAg and Anti-HBe antibodies were found in 8.5%, 0.7% and 8.0%, respectively.…”

Section: Occupationcontrasting

confidence: 82%

Hepatitis B and C status among health care workers in the five main hospitals in eastern Libya

Elzouki

Elgamay²,

Zorgani

et al. 2014

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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“…11 Also, in Nigeria the coverage was 47.7% in medical students 12 and 37.9% among dental students. 13 Not only were these disappointing results restricted to medical students alone, but generally the health care workers vaccination coverage was low in other studies in Pakistan (37.2%), 14 South Africa (19.9), 15 and Egypt (15.8%), 16 whereas the vaccination coverage was 76.6% among the medical students and 46.7% among interns in Palestine, 12 and another high coverage (80.5%) reported among dentists in a recent study in KSA. 17 As regards the immune status in our students, only 15.2% proved to have protective titer with their HBs Ab > 10 iu/ml.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

A survey of hepatitis B immune status of Taibah University medical students

Mosaad

Nozha

Yamany

et al. 2014

Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences

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Objectives: This study aimed to determine the immune status of Taibah University medical students against HBV, and the possible host factors related to the poor response to a previously-administered hepatitis-B vaccine.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted which included all 3rd year medical students of Taibah University. One hundred and five responded to a selfadministered questionnaire. At the same time, a blood sample analysis was performed for hepatitis B markers (HBs Ag, HBcAb, and HBs Ab) of the participants.Results: Of the total number of respondents, only 36.2% were aware that they received a hepatitis-B vaccine, 52.4% were not sure they received it, and 11.4% were not aware of receiving it. Of all, the hepatitis B markers showed that only 16 students (15.2%) had protective levels against the disease, while the rest showed negative markers, and only one student was immune due to past infection. Students with protective titers often had a family history for hepatitis B or a positive history of contact with a known case. Conclusion:The low prevalence of HBV protective levels in Taibah University medical students needs further research and mandates implementation of a screening

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“…The HBV infection has a high worldwide prevalence and about 6% of HCWs are exposed to it annually (4). In developing countries NSSIs cause a high infection rate of 40% to 60% among HCWs; vaccination, however, has reduced the HBV infection rate to less than 10% in developed countries (5).Although HBV infection is a vaccine-preventable disease, the rate of immunization in high-risk groups is lower than the expected rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage and Sharp Injuries Among Healthcare Workers in Hamadan, Iran

Hashemi¹,

Mamani²,

Torabian³

2014

Avicenna J Clin Microbiol Infect

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Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the most common pathogens associated with needle stick and sharp injuries (NSSIs) among healthcare workers. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate HBV vaccination coverage and NSSIs among healthcare workers in Hamadan. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on teaching hospitals personnel in 2010. A two-part questionnaire was designed for data collection. All participants completed the first part, which concerned demographic data, history of HBV vaccination, and hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) testing. If a history of NSSI during the preceding year was noted, the second part was completed that consisted of data about characteristics of injury including time, place, and method as well as the measures taken after the injuries. Results: Out of 700 healthcare workers, 585 had a complete course of HBV vaccination and only 45.7% had checked the titer of HBsAb. A total of 294 participants (42%) had positive results for HBsAb titer. The rate of accidental NSSI was 24.1% during the preceding year and 48.5% of NSSIs were during blood sampling or intravenous catheter insertion. Conclusion: Hepatitis B vaccination of all nonimmune healthcare workers and measuring HBsAb after vaccination can reduce the risk of nosocomial transmission of HBV to medical staff. Furthermore, the risk of blood-borne disease transmission can be reduced by educating medical personnel on effective methods of reducing the risk of NSSIs as well as taking appropriate measures when NSSIs occur.

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Prevalence of HBV and HBV vaccination coverage in health care workers of tertiary hospitals of Peshawar, Pakistan

Cited by 60 publications

References 19 publications

Hepatitis B and C status among health care workers in the five main hospitals in eastern Libya

Hepatitis B and C status among health care workers in the five main hospitals in eastern Libya

A survey of hepatitis B immune status of Taibah University medical students

Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage and Sharp Injuries Among Healthcare Workers in Hamadan, Iran

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