Prevalence of Hearing Loss in High Risk Infants of Mediocre Socio-economic Background at Around One Year of Age and Their Correlation with Risk Factors

Abstract

The present study tried to determine the hearing threshold by brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) in the high-risk infants from a mediocre socioeconomic background at around 1 year of age and correlate different risk factors with hearing loss. BERA was done on 127 infants of 6-18 months age of which 87 were high risk. All were given monaural acoustic stimulus using Cz-M1/ M2 Montage. Based on the appearance of wave V at minimum stimulus intensity, hearing threshold in decibels (dB) of each ear was determined. To study the association of the individual risk factor with hearing loss multiple logistic regression test was applied. Taking BERA threshold for 'Pass' as B40 dBnHL, out of 87 high risk infants 10.34 % (n = 9) had bilateral severe to profound hearing loss, 17.24 % (n = 15) had bilateral mild to moderate hearing loss and 12.64 % (n = 11) had impaired hearing in one ear. All of the control group infants had normal hearing threshold of 30 dBnHL. Twenty major risk factors were identified in the whole study group at an average of 2.3 factors per infant. Twelve factors were examined for correlation using Odd's ratio (OR) with[40 dBnHL threshold as the outcome variable. Factors with very high OR were family history of deafness, Ototoxic drugs and Craniofacial abnormality followed by others. High risk infants have a persistent and definitive risk of hearing loss prompting early intervention.

A study to evaluate the burden of hearing loss and its correlation with risk factors among high-risk infants at a teaching institution, Jaipur

“…In the present study, burden of hearing loss among high-risk infants depicts that out of 320, a total of 191 had bilaterally hearing present and 129 infants have hearing loss. 9.06% ( n = 29) have unilateral hearing loss, 20.31% ( n = 65) have bilaterally mild to moderate hearing loss, and 10.94% ( n = 35) [ Table 1 ] have severe to profound hearing loss similar to study done by Mukherjee[ 22 ] et al , Duara[ 23 ] et al , and Gupta et al . [ 24 ]…”

Karakteristik Pasien yang Menjalani Pemeriksaan Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA) di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang

“…Kurang adekuatnya fasilitas medis yang tersedia juga menyebabkan perawatan antenatal yang buruk yang dapat meningkatkan kejadian asfiksia dan gangguan pendengaran. 6 Kejadian gangguan pendengaran lebih tinggi di negara berkembang karena perawatan antenatal dan neonatal yang buruk. 7 Bayi mengalami kondisi asfiksia saat lahir, berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) atau prematur, terpapar obat ototoxik, sepsis atau meningitis, hiperbilirubinemia berat, otitis dan sindrom Down juga merupakan faktor risiko lainnya yang menyebabkan ketulian.…”

“…Dengan dilakukannya prosedur BERA, deteksi dan evaluasi adanya gangguan pendengaran menjadi lebih mudah terutama pada pasien anak-anak. 6 Penelitian ini menunjukkan kejadian kurang dengar lebih banyak pada laki-laki daripada perempuan. Hal ini sesuai dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan Wijana (2014) laki-laki dibandingkan perempuan yaitu 1,53:1 dari 702 pasien.…”

Brain-stem auditory evoked potentials in at-risk infants and follow up assessment in Sri Lanka

“…As indexed by BAEP threshold, 26% had some degree of HI. In a study in India, 27.6% infants had hearing loss 16 . In a study in China 29% high risk infants had HI 17 .…”