Prevalence of helminthic infections and determinant factors among pregnant women in Mecha district, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross sectional study

Beyene

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

20 Background: Intestinal parasitic infection affects 3.5 billion people in the world and mostly 21 affecting the low socio-economic groups. The objectives of this research were to estimate the 22 prevalence and determinants of intestinal parasitic infection among family members of known 23 intestinal parasite infected patients. 24 Methods and materials: A comparative cross-sectional study design was implemented in the 25 urban and rural settings of mecha district. The data were collected from August 2017 to March 26 2019 from intestinal parasitic infected patient household members. Epi-info software was used to 27 calculate the sample size, 4531 household members were estimated to be included. Data were 28 collected using interview technique and colleting stool samples from each household contact of 29 intestinal parasite patients. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate the prevalence of 30 intestinal parasites among known contacts of intestinal parasites patients/family members. 31 Binary logistic regression was used to identify the determinant factors of intestinal parasitic 32 infection among family members. 33 Results: The prevalence of intestinal parasite among household contacts of parasite-infected 34 family members was 86.14 % [95% CI: 86.14 % -87.15 %]. Hookworm parasitic infection was 35 the predominant type of infection (18.8%). Intestinal parasitic infection was associated with sex, 36 environmental sanitation, source of water, habit of playing with domestic animals, the presence 37 of chicken in the house, the presence of household water filtering materials, overcrowding, 38 personal hygiene, residence, and substandard house, role in the household, source of light for the 39 house, floor materials, trimmed fingernails, family size, regular hand washing practice, barefoot. 3 40 Conclusion: The prevalence of intestinal parasites was high among household contacts of 41 primary confirmed cases. 42 Key words: intestinal parasite, contact screening, secondary attack rate, household members. 43 Introduction 44 Intestinal parasites are groups of worm's primary affecting the gastrointestinal tracts broadly 45 contains flatworms (tapeworms and flukes) and roundworms( ascariasis, pinworm, and 46 hookworm infections)[1]. The mode of transmission includes ingestion of uncooked animal 47 products, consuming infected water, absorption through the skin and fecal-oral [2]. 48 Predominantly intestinal parasitic infection transmitted through feco-oral route [3]. That means 49 all family members living in intestinal positive patients at higher risk of acquiring the infection. 50 A patient infected with intestinal parasite manifests with abdominal cramp, vomiting, excessive 51 bowl sound, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite, malabsorption, skin itching [4]. Due to 52 unspecified symptoms, the diagnosis of intestinal parasitic infection usually performed by taking 53 stool samples and applying different laboratory techniques, concentration technique is more 54 valid than the other laboratory techniques [5]. 55 Intes...

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Intestinal parasitic infection among household contacts of primary cases, a comparative cross-sectional study

Beyene

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

“…Regular handwashing practice decreases the odds of intestinal parasitic infection by 60%. This finding was in line with 2018 finding from Ethiopia [37]. This is because the feco-oral route of transmission will be blocked by applying regular handwashing practice [38].…”

Section: Intestinal Parasitic Infection Among Childrensupporting

confidence: 89%

Intestinal parasitic infection among household contacts of primary cases, a comparative cross-sectional study

Beyene

Feleke³

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

Self Cite

Background Intestinal parasitic infection affects 3.5 billion people in the world and mostly affecting the low socioeconomic groups. The objectives of this research works were to estimate the prevalence and determinants of intestinal parasitic infection among family members of known intestinal parasite infected patients. Methods and materials A comparative cross-sectional study design was implemented in the urban and rural settings of Mecha district. The data were collected from August 2017toMarch 2019 from intestinal parasite infected patient household members. Epi-info software was used to calculate the sample size, 4531 household members were estimated to be included. Data were collected using interview technique, and collecting stool samples from each household contact of intestinal parasite patients. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate the prevalence of intestinal parasites among known contacts of intestinal parasite patients/family members. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the determinant factors of intestinal parasitic infection among family members. Results The prevalence of intestinal parasite among household contacts of intestinal parasiteinfected family members was 86.14% [95% CI: 86.14%-87.15%]. Hookworm infection was the predominant type of infection (18.8%). Intestinal parasitic infection was associated with sex, environmental sanitation, overcrowding, personal hygiene, residence, substandard house, role in the household, source of light for the house, trimmed fingernails, family size, regular handwashing practice. Protozoa infection was associated with habit of ingesting raw vegetable, playing with domestic animals, water source and the presence of household water filtering materials.

“…Other studies in Ethiopia reported assorted magnitudes and patterns, suggesting the existence of substantial variation in the epidemiology of intestinal parasites in the country [13,20,[28][29][30]. A study in Mecha district, Northwest Ethiopia reported an exceptionally high prevalence (70%) and identified A. lumbricoides (33%), S. mansoni (17%) and Hookworms (14%) as the predominant infections [29]. A study among pregnant women following ANC in a referral hospital in Northwest Ethiopia reported a comparable figure to our finding (32%) yet the major infections were protozoan: G. lamblia (13%) and E. histolytica (8%) [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In this study the overall magnitude of the intestinal parasitic infection was 39%, with the highest prevalence for A. lumbricoides (25%) and hookworms (11%). Other studies in Ethiopia reported assorted magnitudes and patterns, suggesting the existence of substantial variation in the epidemiology of intestinal parasites in the country [13,20,[28][29][30]. A study in Mecha district, Northwest Ethiopia reported an exceptionally high prevalence (70%) and identified A. lumbricoides (33%), S. mansoni (17%) and Hookworms (14%) as the predominant infections [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its association with anemia among pregnant women in Wondo Genet district, Southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

Bolka¹,

Gebremedhin

2019

Preprint

Background Previous studies reported contradicting findings about the association between intestinal parasitosis and maternal anemia. In this study we aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its association with anemia among pregnant women in Wondo Genet district, Southern Ethiopia. Methods This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in June and July 2018. Pregnant women (n=352) were randomly drawn from five health centers using antenatal care follow-up lists. Trained data collectors administered the questionnaire. Capillary blood was collected and analyzed for hemoglobin using the HemoCue method. Stool sample was collected following standard procedure and analyzed for the presence and types of intestinal parasites using direct microscopy with Formalin-ether concentration technique. Association between intestinal parasitosis and anemia was measured using multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. The outputs are presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 38.7% (95% CI: 33.6-43.8%). One-tenth (9.7%) of the pregnant women were infected with polyparasites. Ascaris lumbricoides was the predominant infection encountered in 24.9% of the women. The other infections identified were: hookworms (11.2%), Giardia lamblia (5.4%), Entamoeba histolytica (3.4%), Trichuris trichiura (2.9%) and Schistosoma mansoni (2.3%). The mean (± standard deviation) hemoglobin concentration was 12.3 (±1.9) g/dl and 31.5% (95% CI: 26.6-36.4%) women were anemic (hemoglobin < 11 g/dl). The prevalence of anemia among women infected with intestinal parasite (55.6%) was substantially higher than the prevalence in their counterparts (16.4%) (p<0.001). In a multivariable model adjusted for multiple potential confounders including socio-economic status indicators, the odds of anemia were six times increased (AOR=6.14, 95% CI: 2.04-18.45) among those affected by at least one intestinal parasite. Conclusion Strengthening the existing water, sanitation and hygiene programs and routine deworming of pregnant mothers may help to reduce the burden of both intestinal parasitic infection and anemia in pregnant women.