Prevalence of hepatitis A antibody among disadvantaged gypsy children in northern Spain

Cilla, Gustavo; Pérez-Trallero, E; Marimón, José María; Erdozain, S.; Gutiérrez, Carmen

doi:10.1017/s0950268800058210

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Recently, young maternal age has been independently associated with a higher risk of bronchiolitis-associated deaths in the United States [15]. Interestingly, 5 % of the infants hospitalized in that study belonged to the gypsy ethnic group, a proportion higher than that in our population, which, lacking official statistics, we estimate is lower than 1 % [16]. This finding is probably related to the lower socio-economic status of these families and presents similarities with the situation found in some minority ethnic groups, among which the incidence rates of hospitalization due to RSV infections or bronchiolitis were higher than those among the general paediatric population [17,18].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Risk factors for hospitalization due to respiratory syncytial virus infection among infants in the Basque Country, Spain

et al. 2005

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SUMMARYThis study analysed the role of several risk factors for hospitalization due to communityacquired, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. The risk factors detected in infants hospitalized for RSV infection in the first 24 months of life were compared with those in the general infant population in our region. There were 361 episodes of hospitalization in 357 infants. Eighty per cent of the infants did not present underlying conditions for severe RSV infection and only 10 (3 %) were candidates for palivizumab prophylaxis. In multivariate analysis, birthweight of <2500 g was independently associated with hospitalization for RSV infection and was the most commonly detected medical risk factor. Other risk factors were maternal age at delivery <25 years, birth in the second half of the year, prematurity, suburban residence and congenital heart disease. In conclusion, together with well-known risk factors, we found that low birthweight was an independent factor for severe RSV infection.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Risk factors for hospitalization due to respiratory syncytial virus infection among infants in the Basque Country, Spain

et al. 2005

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“…The fact that some of Roma population do not have basic provision of sewerage, water supply and waste disposal could explain the high prevalence of HAV. Previous studies on the epidemiology of HAV in Mediterranean Countries have shown the association with socioeconomic, hygienic and housing conditions [Morales et al, 1992;Papaevangelou, 1992;Cilla et al, 1995]. Although in our study we did not include many members from the same families, there was some indication for intrafamilial transmission of the virus at least among siblings attending elementary schools, a finding that has also been previously reported by other investigators [Roumeliotou et al, 1992].…”

Section: Hepatitis Asupporting

confidence: 74%

Seroprevalence and risk factors for hepatitis A, B, and C among roma and non‐roma children in a deprived area of Athens, Greece

Michos

Terzidis

Kalampoki

et al. 2008

Journal of Medical Virology

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The prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis A, B, and C (HAV, HBV, and HCV) markers were compared in non-Roma and Roma children who lived in a deprived suburb of Athens, Greece. The study included 216 children, 118 Roma and 98 non-Roma of 9 years median age (range 5-15 years). Among Roma children 98.3% had detectable antibodies to HAV, compared with 32.7% among non-Romas (P < 0.0001). Regarding HBV, 22% Roma children were identified with evidence of past infection (anti-HBc(+)), among whom five (4% of the total) were chronic carriers (HBsAg(+)), whereas no past infection was detected among the non-Romas (P < 0.0001). Markers of past HBV vaccination (anti-HBs(+), anti-HBc(-)) were detected in only 14% Roma but 96% non-Roma children (P-value < 0.0001). There was some indication for intrafamilial transmission of HAV and HBV in Roma school children. Unfavorable living conditions, frequent residency change, lack of child insurance and primary healthcare delivery were significantly associated with seroprevalence of HBV infection among Romas. No child in either group was found positive for HCV markers. These findings document high socioeconomic differentials with regards to preventable communicable diseases, such as HAV and HBV and underline the need for enhancing health policy action targeting pockets of minority childhood populations. Whereas, uptake of HBV vaccination is rather optimal in this general population, the high seroprevalence of HAV among Romas, also calls for implementing general vaccination for HAV, early in life.

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“…Seroprevalence surveys in pregnancy26 27 show high levels of infection with hepatitis A and B (which can be transmitted vertically). A study in Spain34 found a seroprevalence of HAV antibodies of 82% in deprived Roma children compared with 9.3% of more affluent non-Roma children. In another Spanish study,35 three groups were compared; non-Roma children, Roma children, and children in orphanages.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The health of the Roma people: a review of the published literature

Hajioff

2000

Journal of Epidemiology &Amp; Community Health

243

190

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Background-The Roma people originated in northern India and have been known in Europe for nearly a thousand years. For much of that time they have been the subjects of discrimination and oppression, culminating in the extermination of half a million Roma in the Nazi death camps. While it is widely believed that the health of Roma people is often poorer than the majority population, these inequalities remain largely unresearched. Methods-Published literature on the health of the Roma people was identified using Medline. Opinion pieces were excluded, as were papers relating to anthropometry and to genetic markers. The resultant papers were analysed by country of study and by disease type or care group. Results-Some 70% of papers identified related to just three countries; Spain and the Czech and Slovak Republics. Much literature concentrates upon communicable disease or reproductive health. The limited evidence suggests increased morbidity from non-communicable disease, but there is little published on this topic. Evidence on health care, though fragmentary, suggests poorer access to health services and uptake of preventative care. Discussion-Published research on the health needs of the Roma population is sparse. The topics that have received attention suggest a focus on concepts of contagion or social Darwinism, indicating a greater concern with the health needs of the majority populations with which they live. There is a need for both further research into the health of Roma people; with particular emphasis on noncommunicable disease; and also for interventions that improve Roma health. Such research must, however, be handled with sensitivity, recognising the social and political context of the society concerned.

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Prevalence of hepatitis A antibody among disadvantaged gypsy children in northern Spain

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Risk factors for hospitalization due to respiratory syncytial virus infection among infants in the Basque Country, Spain

Risk factors for hospitalization due to respiratory syncytial virus infection among infants in the Basque Country, Spain

Seroprevalence and risk factors for hepatitis A, B, and C among roma and non‐roma children in a deprived area of Athens, Greece

The health of the Roma people: a review of the published literature

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