Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection from a population-based study in Southern India

Shanmugam, R. P.; Selvakumar, B; Varadhan, Hemalatha; Vivekanandan, Subramanian

doi:10.1097/meg.0000000000001180

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…They have also been used in mass screening programs for hepatitis B in both community outreach [ 24 , 57 ] and health-facility-based screening [ 52 , 53 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ] in low-resource settings and shown great public health benefits. For example, in a community-based outreach screening program conducted in 75 camps in Southern India [ 63 ], the “screen and vaccinate/linkage to care” strategy led to over 7700 vaccinations in the camps and 162 people with high viral load getting treatment. The program increased the accessibility of hepatitis B diagnostic testing in a low-resource setting, and the timely results of POCs contributed to people’s engagement in post screening interventions [ 63 ].…”

Section: Poc Tests For Hepatitis B and Their Clinical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in a community-based outreach screening program conducted in 75 camps in Southern India [ 63 ], the “screen and vaccinate/linkage to care” strategy led to over 7700 vaccinations in the camps and 162 people with high viral load getting treatment. The program increased the accessibility of hepatitis B diagnostic testing in a low-resource setting, and the timely results of POCs contributed to people’s engagement in post screening interventions [ 63 ]. The HBsAg POCs were also used in programs to engage hard-to-reach populations such as people who inject drugs, sex workers [ 64 ], disadvantaged groups or some ethnic groups [ 65 , 66 ] by providing self-testing, community or health-facility-based testing services.…”

Section: Poc Tests For Hepatitis B and Their Clinical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study showed that people may find it stressful when testing HIV, HCV and syphilis using a POC test [ 116 ]. When using POCs for blood-borne virus screening in public events or community outreach programs, the acceptance rate varied widely in customers with different socioeconomic status, ethnic or geographic backgrounds [ 63 , 117 , 118 ]. In health facility settings, healthcare providers find POCs generally speed up decision making and improve patients’ compliance with chronic management plans requiring repeat testing over time [ 30 ]; however, there are also general concerns such as suboptimal testing accuracy and increased workload for healthcare workers [ 119 ].…”

Section: Utility and Acceptability Of Pocs For Hepatitis Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Point-of-Care Tests for Hepatitis B: An Overview

Xiao

Thompson

Howell

2020

Cells

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Despite the heavy disease burden posed by hepatitis B, around 90% of people living with hepatitis B are not diagnosed globally. Many of the affected populations still have limited or no access to essential blood tests for hepatitis B. Compared to conventional blood tests which heavily rely on centralised laboratory facilities, point-of-care testing for hepatitis B has the potential to broaden testing access in low-resource settings and to engage hard-to-reach populations. Few hepatitis B point-of-care tests have been ratified for clinical use by international and regional regulatory bodies, and countries have been slow to adopt point-of-care testing into hepatitis B programs. This review presents currently available point-of-care tests for hepatitis B and their roles in the care cascade, reviewing evidence for testing performance, utility, acceptability, costs and cost-effectiveness when integrated into hepatitis B diagnosis and monitoring programs. We further discuss challenges and future directions in aspects of technology, implementation, and regulation when adopting point-of-care testing in hepatitis B programs.

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Section: Poc Tests For Hepatitis B and Their Clinical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Poc Tests For Hepatitis B and Their Clinical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Utility and Acceptability Of Pocs For Hepatitis Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Point-of-Care Tests for Hepatitis B: An Overview

Xiao

Thompson

Howell

2020

Cells

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“…Additionally, Shanmugam et al found that the prevalence of HBV was 1.63% and prevalence was higher in rural areas. 14 Therefore, we selected random villages in the chengalpattu district of Tamil Nadu to explore the knowledge, awareness and practices related to HBV among the general population.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, awareness and practices related to Hepatitis-B infection and vaccine among general population in Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu

Abdullah¹,

Prathiyumannan²,

Mani³

et al. 2021

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: In India, 1,50,000 deaths are reported annually and 60 million people are affected due to Hepatitis B virus. For any government prevention programs to succeed, community awareness and participation is vital. Therefore, this study sought to assess the knowledge and awareness of hepatitis-B virus and vaccination among general population in rural areas. We also assessed the practices related to the hepatitis B vaccination.Methods: We conducted a house to house survey in villages of Chengalpattu district. A total of 323 participants agreed to participate in the survey. A 22 item questionnaire was administered to assess the knowledge, awareness and practice. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software. Independent t test was used to assess the difference in responses based on the independent variables. Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze the association between the level of knowledge, awareness and practice scores.Results: A total of 323 participants agreed to participate in the survey. Nearly, 87.9% had never heard about hepatitis B. The awareness of a vaccine for hepatitis B among the study subjects was 6.5%. Higher knowledge, awareness and practice were found among those with higher education and working professionals (p<0.05). Knowledge, awareness and practice were positively correlated (p<0.005).Conclusions: It can be concluded that the levels of knowledge, awareness and practice in the rural population of Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu were marginally low. Extensive awareness and prevention programs related to Hepatitis B virus and its vaccine should be conducted targeting high risk populations.

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“…3 Hepatitis B, being a vaccine-preventable disease, provides an opportunity for screening to estimate the disease burden, identify risk factors and strategise adequate public health measures. 4 The goals set by WHO for the elimination of hepatitis B by 2030 include achieving the target of 90% reduction in incidence and a 65% reduction in the number of related deaths from a 2015 basline. 1 Working towards elimination and control of viral hepatitis, a National Viral Hepatitis Control Programme was launched.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness and yield of screening for hepatitis B among outpatients of a tertiary care centre, Puducherry, South India

et al. 2020

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India’s National Viral Hepatitis Control Programme recommends screening outpatients for hepatitis B at tertiary care centres. We aimed to assess the yield of screening and reasons for refusal for testing. We included adult outpatients at a tertiary care centre, South India during September and October 2019. Participants’ willingness to be tested and the reasons for refusal were noted. Fingerstick blood sample was tested for HBsAg using rapid kit. Of a total of 700 participants, 157 (22%, 95% CI: 19.4–25.7%) were unwilling to be tested. Men were more unwilling (26%) compared to women (19%) (aPR 1.90 95% CI: 1.22–2.94; p = 0.004). ‘Lack of time’ was the most common reason reported for refusal (10%). Of 543 participants tested, 15 (2.8%, 95% CI: 1.6–4.5%) were positive for HBsAg. Similar studies from other regions in India are required for the estimation of yield of opportunistic approach.

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Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection from a population-based study in Southern India

Abstract: The prevalence of HBV was 1.63% and HCV was 0.30% in Tamil Nadu. Three-fourths of HBV/HCV infected people were males. Prevalence of HBV/HCV was higher in rural areas. Slum area and dialysis unit had high HBV and HCV prevalence.

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Point-of-Care Tests for Hepatitis B: An Overview

Point-of-Care Tests for Hepatitis B: An Overview

Knowledge, awareness and practices related to Hepatitis-B infection and vaccine among general population in Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu

Willingness and yield of screening for hepatitis B among outpatients of a tertiary care centre, Puducherry, South India

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