Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections: Influence of National Health Care Policies and Local Clinical Practices

Lekskulchai, Veeravan

doi:10.12659/msmbr.933692

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Contamination or transmission of the hepatitis virus involves coming into contact with infected blood and bodily secretions. The most predominant source of transmission of the hepatitis virus involves utilization of previously used and uncleaned syringes or instruments, particularly dealing with dental procedures, or through unscreened blood transfusion products, vertical transfer from mother to child, or sexual abuse (11,12). In patients being administered chemotherapy, delays in treatment, reduction in dosage, even treatment disruption or development of fulminant hepatitis have been noted due to reactivation of the hepatitis virus (13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Patients with Malignancies in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan

Shaikh,

Soomro,

Uddin

et al. 2023

Pak J Public Health

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Background: Hepatitis, a viral infection affecting the liver, can progress to cirrhosis or cancer. Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C, distinct viral strains, induce acute or chronic liver inflammation. Individuals with chronic hepatitis face an elevated risk of extra-hepatic cancers. Various hypotheses explore the mechanisms of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in tumorigenesis. This study aims to ascertain the prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses among patients with malignancies in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi. Methods: We conducted as a cross-sectional study, data were collected from Dr. Ruth Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, a tertiary care facility, between May 2020 and July 2020. Out of 257 cancer-diagnosed patients, informed about and assured of the questionnaire's confidentiality, data were collected and analyzed. Results: Among the 257 patients, 56.42% were females and 43.57% males, with a mean age of 47.5 years. Breast cancer was the most common type, identified in 20.2% of patients. Overall, 36.96% of patients had either HBV or HCV, with no instances of coinfection. Positivity rates were 21.4% for HBV and 15.56% for HCV. No significant associations were observed between cancer types and Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) or Anti-Hepatitis C Antibodies (Anti-HCV Ab). Conclusion: Close surveillance of cancer patients is crucial, monitoring HBV antibody titers, and enrollment in hepatitis B immunization programs are recommended. Additionally, monitoring Anti-HCV status is advised.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Patients with Malignancies in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan

Shaikh,

Soomro,

Uddin

et al. 2023

Pak J Public Health

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Hepatitis B virus serology in first-degree relatives and spouses of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma at a Nigerian hospital

Asaolu,

Odeghe,

Oyeleke

et al. 2024

Niger J Gastroenterol Hepatol

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Background: The link between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been well established. There is a dearth of scientific data on the important phenomenon of familial clustering of these diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. This study evaluated the prevalence and risk of HBV infection in first-degree relatives and spouses of patients with HCC. Materials and Methods: This case–control study was conducted in a Nigerian hospital. A total of 211 first-degree relatives and spouses of confirmed 110 patients with HCC and 212 matched controls were consecutively recruited. All participants were screened for the HBV serological markers using the Aria lateral immunoassay kits. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio while bivariate analysis was used to calculate χ2. Results: The prevalence of HBsAg was higher in the first-degree relatives and spouses of patients with HCC than in the controls (17.1% versus 3.3%, P < 0.001, odds ratio 5.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.6–13.7). Among the relatives, the prevalence of HBsAg positivity was highest in the parents and siblings of HCC patients compared with the children and spouses (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, the relatives of female index patients had a higher prevalence of HBV than the relatives of the male HCC patients (75.0% versus 27.0%, p = 0.012). Significant risks for HBV infection included lower vaccination rate, low educational status and tattoo acquisition (p = 0.006, 0.010 and 0.023 respectively). Conclusion: This study provides important local-based population data (perhaps the first of its kind) supporting the scientific postulation of familial clustering of HBV infection and HCC. It also underscores the importance of targeting first-degree relatives and spouses of patients with HCC for HBV screening to reduce the infection and its sequelae.

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Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections: Influence of National Health Care Policies and Local Clinical Practices

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Frequency of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Patients with Malignancies in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan

Frequency of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Patients with Malignancies in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan

Hepatitis B virus serology in first-degree relatives and spouses of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma at a Nigerian hospital

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