Prevalence of hepatitis B virus, its risk factors and co-infection with human immune deficiency virus among clients of voluntary counseling and testing center in Hosanna, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

Hepatitis B infection (HBV) infection is a serious public health problem worldwide and its co-infection with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) is common due to shared routes of transmission. An increased mortality due to accelerated hepatic disease progression and the frequent hepatotoxicity caused by antiretroviral therapy are the challenges in the clinical management of HIV. Epidemiological studies on HBV and HBV/HIV co infection are scarce in Ethiopia, particularly at the study area. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of HBV, its risk factors and co-infection with HIV among clients of a voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) center in Southern Ethiopia. A facility based crosssectional study was conducted from 1st February 2016 to 15th March among clients of Nigist Eleni Memorial Hospital VCT Center. Data were collected by face-to-face interview and specific formula sheet as well recorded results of laboratory diagnosis of blood sample from each participant. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was done to identify predictors of HBV. Overall, 331 participants were included in the study. The prevalence of HBV was 8.8%, HBV/HIV co-infection was found in 3.6%. Individuals with a history of multiple sexual partner [AOR = 10.3; 95% CI, 3.71-28.83], previous history of invasive procedure [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 10.88; 95% CI, 3.84-30.86] and history of surgical procedure [AOR = 9.2; 95% CI, 3.1-27.88] were identified as in dependent predictors of HBV infection. High HBV infection and HBV/HIV co-infection was found in the study. Previous history of surgical procedure, invasive procedure and multiple sexual partners were identified as independent predictor of HBV infection.

An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus in Ethiopia

“…All the included studies were cross-sectional study designs and the most recent was conducted in 2019. Regarding regional coverage of HBV prevalence studies, more than half of the studies were obtained from Amhara region 22 (36.7%) [20, 29, 31, 36–38, 44, 46, 49, 50, 53, 58, 62, 63, 67–69, 71, 75, 78, 79, 82], Oromia region 12(20%) [32, 34, 41, 47, 48, 56, 60, 61, 64, 83, 85, 87], and Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR) 9(15%) [30, 43, 52, 65, 66, 70, 74, 76, 86]. The sample size across the studies was ranged from 108 [53] to 35,435 [44] obtained from the Amhara region.…”

“…yearRegionStudy groupSampling techniqueSampleHBsAg +D. methodQualityAbate M., et al [80]2016SomaliBlood donorEntire sampling2752166ELISAGoodAbera B., et al [79]2017AmharaHIV positive childrenRandom sampling2535ELISAGoodAbera B., et al [78]2014AmharaApparently healthyRandom sampling48115RDTGoodAkalu GT., et al [77]2016SACHealthcare workersConvenient sampling31355IAPoorAmsalu A., et al [76]2018SNNPRPregnant womenConsecutive sampling47534ELISAGoodAnagaw B., et al [75]2012AmharaWaste handlersUnknown2006RDTGoodAsfaw MA., et al [74]2018SNNPRVCTRandom sampling33129RDTGoodAtaro Z., et al [73]2018SACBlood donorsEntire sampling6376298ELISAGoodAyele AG., et al [72]2013SACChronic liver diseasesConvenient sampling12043RDTPoorBalew M., et al [71]2014AmharaHIV positiveRandom sampling39524RDTPoorBelayneh F., [70]2015SNNPRHIV positive adultConsecutive sampling34824RDTGoodBetela B., et al [87]2018OromiaGeneral populationRandom sampling…”