Prevalence of Hepatitis B virus and its predictors among volunteer blood donors in Jimma, Ethiopia, 2018: A cross-sectional study

Mekonnen, Debele; Tesfaye, Solomon; Nigatu, Mamo

doi:10.1016/j.jcvp.2022.100122

Cited by 4 publications

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References 14 publications

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“…The Hepatitis B virus (HBV) belongs to the Hepadnavirus family, causing hepatitis and transmitting through contaminated blood or other bodily fluids [ 1 ]. HBV poses a life-threatening liver disease, often remaining asymptomatic, and carriers may unknowingly spread it [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transfusion of contaminated blood contributes to as many as 16 million new HBV infections worldwide, with each blood unit carrying a 1.0% risk of transmitting blood-borne infections [ 6 , 7 ]. Moreover, unsafe blood transfusions are projected to lead to approximately 45,000 new HBV infections in Africa alone, and about 1.6 million blood units are discarded annually due to blood-borne infections, including HBV [ 1 ]. As a result, 12.5% of transfusion recipients in Africa are at risk of contracting hepatitis following transfusions [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hepatitis B Virus has remained a neglected concern in Africa, with over 60 million Africans infected [ 8 ]. Among African blood donors, the prevalence of HBV ranges from 5 to 7% [ 1 ]. In different regions of Africa, the prevalence of HBV among blood donors varies it’s 18.60% in Southwest Nigeria, 4.10% in Calabar Nigeria [ 9 , 10 ], 5.60% in Kenya [ 11 ], 10.90% in Jijiga Ethiopia [ 12 ], and 2.0% in Eritrea [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In different regions of Africa, the prevalence of HBV among blood donors varies it’s 18.60% in Southwest Nigeria, 4.10% in Calabar Nigeria [ 9 , 10 ], 5.60% in Kenya [ 11 ], 10.90% in Jijiga Ethiopia [ 12 ], and 2.0% in Eritrea [ 13 ]. The primary HBV risk factors include having unprotected multiple sexual partners, sharing injected needles or syringes, using unsterilized medical equipment, and exposure to contaminated objects such as poorly sterilized medical, surgical, and dental equipment [ 1 , 6 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of prevalence and risk factors associated with Hepatitis B virus infection among blood donors in Mogadishu Somalia

Mohamud,

Inchon,

Suwannaporn

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background The Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is transmitted through contaminated blood or bodily fluids. Globally, over 81 million blood units are donated annually, a crucial therapeutic procedure without alternatives. However, blood-borne infections, including HBV, pose a significant hurdle to safe transfusions, especially in HBV-endemic regions like Somalia with limited screening. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection and identify risk factors associated with it among blood donors in Mogadishu, Somalia. Method A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between February and April 2023. Research tools included a 5-ml blood sample and a structured questionnaire. The presence or absence of HB markers was determined using a multi-HB rapid test and CDC’s HB marker interpretation guideline. Logistic regression was used in univariate and multivariate models to identify risk factors associated with HBV infection, with significance set at a p-value < 0.05 in the final model. Result A total of 494 blood donors were recruited for this study; 93.9% were male, with a mean age of 31.5 (SD = 8.11). The prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among blood donors was 9.7%, with a 95% CI of 7.1–12.3. In multivariable logistic regression, those with a monthly income of less than 200 USD (AOR = 5.20, 95% CI = 1.61–16.79), those with an income between 200 and 400 (AOR = 3.59, 95% CI = 1.38–9.34), Jobless blood donors (AOR = 3.78, 95% CI = 1.17–12.20), those in business occupations (AOR = 3.35, 95% CI = 1.24–9.08), those with a history of STDs (AOR = 4.83, 95% CI = 2.03–11.50), those without a history of HB vaccine (AOR = 13.81, 95% CI = 2.46–77.41), those with a history of tooth extraction (AOR = 6.90, 95% CI = 2.66–17.88), and those who shared sharp equipment (AOR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.07–7.82) were more likely to become infected with the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) compared to their counterparts. Conclusion This study highlights a high prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Implementation efforts against HBV infection should specifically focus on low-income individuals, the jobless, and donors with a history of STD to mitigate the burden of HBV infection and promote safer blood donation. In addition, discouraging the sharing of sharp equipment, improving infection control practices during tooth extraction procedures, and enhancing HB vaccination uptake, particularly among individuals lacking a history of HB vaccine, is highly recommended.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of prevalence and risk factors associated with Hepatitis B virus infection among blood donors in Mogadishu Somalia

Mohamud,

Inchon,

Suwannaporn

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Seroprevalence of Viral Hepatitis B and Occult Hepatitis B Among Blood Donors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Simpore,

Bazie,

Yooda

et al. 2024

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) Infection remains a public health problem and a threat to blood transfusion safety. The aim of this study was to summarise the scientific literature on the seroprevalence of HBV and occult HBV among blood donors in Africa. Searches were carried out in PubMed, Science Direct, Global Index Medicus and African Journals Online from 2012 to 2022. Dersimonian and Laird's random‐effects model‐based method was used for statistical analyses to estimate pooled seroprevalence at a 95% confidence interval (CI) using STATA version 14 software. Heterogeneity was assessed on the basis of Cochran's Q test and quantified by the I2 index. The methodological quality of the articles was assessed using the Joanna Brigg Institute's critical appraisal checklist. Among 90 articles included, 86 reported data in serological test that a pooled HBV seroprevalence of 5.53% (95% CI: 4.56–6.58; I2 = 99.94%) and 14 provided occult hepatitis B data. A high prevalence of 9.69% (95% CI: 8.42–11.03) was observed in the West African region. Lowest prevalence was 1.22% (95% CI: 0.74–1.83) in South Africa region. Prevalence in Africa among men was: 5.18% (95% CI: 3.97–6.54) and in women: 3.50% (95% CI: 2.45–4.71) (I2 = 99.76% and p < 0.01). While the overall pooled prevalence of occult hepatitis B was 3.18% (95% CI: 1.29–5.81). HBV seroprevalence is high in low‐resource areas of Africa, and the data generated by this situation calls for constant epidemiological surveillance. Emphasis must be placed on building blood donor loyalty and integrating molecular testing into the biological qualification of blood donations.

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Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Associated Factors Among Blood Donors in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Sheik,

Getnet,

Aden

et al. 2024

JPHRECODE

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Background: Blood transfusion is a mandatory therapeutic maneuver that provides life-saving benefits to patients who are suffering from severe anemia due to medical disorders. Purpose: this study was aimed to determine HBV infection and associated factors among blood donars in Jigjiga zone Somali region. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among a sample blood donor in Jigjiga city Blood Bank Somali regional state of Ethiopia. A standardized questionnaire using Epidata was used. A bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the independent predictors association (pvalue<0.25) in bivariate as candidate of multivariable logistic regression model-A significant (pvalue<0.05) was considered as statistical significance. Results: A total of 323 blood donars participated with a response rate of 95.5%. The overall prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection was (7.1%) (95% CI: 4.3-10.2)After adjusted analysis, marital status being single (AOR=5.3 CI: 1.018-27.859), unsafe therapeutic drug injections (AOR=10.1 CI: 2.791-36.566) unprotected sex (AOR4.6=CI: 1.533-14.116), razor and sharp material sharing (AOR=5.5 CI: 0.852-16.530), having poor knowledge on hepatitis B virus infection (AOR=3.4 CI: 1.107-10.485) were identified as statistically significant associated with hepatitis virus infection. Conclusion: Overall prevalence of the study was 7.1%, which needs intervention by the government and other stakeholders.

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Prevalence of Hepatitis B virus and its predictors among volunteer blood donors in Jimma, Ethiopia, 2018: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Assessment of prevalence and risk factors associated with Hepatitis B virus infection among blood donors in Mogadishu Somalia

Assessment of prevalence and risk factors associated with Hepatitis B virus infection among blood donors in Mogadishu Somalia

Seroprevalence of Viral Hepatitis B and Occult Hepatitis B Among Blood Donors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Associated Factors Among Blood Donors in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

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