Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the household contacts of patients with HCV-related chronic liver disease

Coltortí, M; Caporaso, N.; Morisco, Filomena; Suozzo, Rosalba; Romano, Marco; D'Antonio, Michael

doi:10.1007/bf01716699

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…On the whole, the prevalence of HCV among the relatives of index cases correlates with the parenteral exposure risk factors of cases and contacts33 50: this is documented in several monocentric28 30 32 37 39 as well as in multicentric29 30 studies. Particularly, in the study by Stroffolini et al ,50 the univariate analysis pointed out that extra familial parenteral risk factors were more common among the HCV positive partners than in those HCV negative (84.4% vs 26.2%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Intrafamilial transmission of hepatitis C virus in Italy: a systematic review

Waure

Cefalo

Chiaradia

et al. 2009

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Intrafamilial transmission of hepatitis C virus in Italy: a systematic review

Waure

Cefalo

Chiaradia

et al. 2009

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In studies done in Western Europe and North America, the average anti-HCV positivity rate among spouses who report no other risk factor for infection is 1.3%. 79,192,[212][213][214][215][216][217][218][219][220][221][222] In contrast, higher anti-HCV positivity rates among spouses have been reported from studies done in southern Europe (11%) 203,[223][224][225][226][227][228][229][230][231][232][233][234][235] and Asia (27%). [236][237][238][239][240] Some of these studies have reported a direct relationship between anti-HCV positivity and increasing years of marriage.…”

Section: Sexual Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Hepatitis C: Geographic Differences and Temporal Trends

Wasley

Alter²

2000

Semin Liver Dis

865

611

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection appears to be endemic in most parts of the world, with an estimated overall prevalence of 3%. However, there is considerable geographic and temporal variation in the incidence and prevalence of HCV infection. Using age-specific prevalence data, at least three distinct transmission patterns can be identified. In countries with the first pattern (e.g., United States, Australia), most infections are found among persons 30-49 years old, indicating that the risk for HCV infection was greatest in the relatively recent past (10-30 years ago) and primarily affected young adults. In countries with the second pattern (e.g., Japan, Italy), most infections are found among older persons, consistent with the risk for HCV infection having been greatest in the distant past. In countries with the third pattern (e.g., Egypt), high rates of infection are observed in all age groups, indicating an ongoing high risk for acquiring HCV infection. In countries with the first pattern, injection drug use has been the predominant risk factor for HCV infection, whereas in those with the second or third patterns, unsafe injections and contaminated equipment used in healthcare-related procedures appear to have played a predominant role in transmission. Much of the variability between regions can be explained by the frequency and extent to which different risk factors have contributed to the transmission of HCV. Because different strategies are required to interrupt different patterns of HCV transmission, determining the epidemiology of HCV infection in areas where that information has not yet been assessed is critical for developing appropriate prevention programs.

show abstract

“…Other studies revealed that, in addition to familial contact and sexual behavior, the sharing of items of personal use, such as razor blades, tooth brushes, nail clippers and manicure pliers can be important in the intrafamilial transmission of hepatitis C 12,14,16,17,26,29,38,40,49,51,53,55,59,68,73,74,77,78,83,85 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual transmission of hepatitis C

Cavalheiro

2007

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYIt is generally agreed that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) can be efficiently transmitted parenterally, although data on viral transmission by sexual or non-sexual intrafamilial contact are conflicting. Since data collection began in 1989, the first study dealt with the risk of sexual transmission among multiple sex partners. Other investigations followed, emphasizing that risk increases in specific groups such as patients co-infected with HIV and HBV, sex workers, homosexuals, illicit drug users and patients attended at sexually transmittable disease clinics.The question arises as to what might be the risk for monogamous heterosexuals in the general population, in which one of the partners has HCV?The literature provides overall rates that vary from zero to 27%; however, most studies affirm that the chances of sexual transmission are low or almost null, with rates for this mode fluctuating from zero to 3%. Intrafamilial transmission is strongly considered but inconclusive, since when mentioning transmission between sex partners within the same household, specific situations also should be considered, such as the sharing of personal hygiene items, like razorblades, toothbrushes, nail clippers and manicure pliers, which are important risk factors in HCV transmission. In this review, we discuss the hypotheses of sexual and/or intrafamilial transmission.KEYWORDS: Hepatitis C; Transmission; Sexual; Intrafamilial.Patients infected by HCV frequently question whether their infection can be transmitted to their sexual partners, and whether HCV can be transmitted through sexual relations. Common sense suggests that HCV like HBV and HIV can be transmitted through sexual contact, but what is the degree of risk? Does it depend on the population studied? Can risk behavior alter contamination potential 27,34,74 ?Classically, parenteral exposition unites many risk factors that are relevant for HCV transmission, such as the use of illegal drugs, hemodialysis, blood transfusion and blood derivatives, tattoos, organ transplants, acupuncture, sharing of straws for drug inhalation, and accidents in health-care workers 12,26,49,58,71,89 .Convincing evidence for the sexual transmission of HCV requires a history of couples having lived together in sexual activity, the absence of other opportunities for infection, and genetic evidence on the virus, demonstrating that both partners are infected by a virus with very similar genomic sequences. The possession of quality information concerning these questions can aid in providing answers to these issues. However, few studies meet these criteria satisfactorily 22,69,85 . ALTER et al. (1989) 2 presented the first study in which the possibility of HCV transmission was discussed, and considered multiple sex partners as a risk factor. However, the contribution of sexually transmitted HCV remains controversial. In the United States, the Centers for Disease control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that between 20 to 25% of the transmission indexes are associated with sexual contact, although ...

show abstract

Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the household contacts of patients with HCV-related chronic liver disease

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Intrafamilial transmission of hepatitis C virus in Italy: a systematic review

Intrafamilial transmission of hepatitis C virus in Italy: a systematic review

Epidemiology of Hepatitis C: Geographic Differences and Temporal Trends

Sexual transmission of hepatitis C

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About