Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Co-Infection Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Abuja, Nigeria

Ya’aba, Y.; Isu, NR; Mohammed, SB; Oladepo, D. K.; Ibrahim, Karim Yaqub; Oladusu, P; Izebe, KS; Onoja, AJ

doi:10.4314/jopat.v14i1.69409

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In yet another study, Nwokedi and his colleagues [12] reported highest HCV antibody seroprevalence among individuals aged 31-40; followed by the 41-50 age group and found a subsequent steady decline in prevalence with increasing age. The differences between these reports [12,17] and ours may be explained by the onset of hepatitis C related mortality among their populations with resultant lower number of surviving individuals still living with chronic liver disease with increasing age.…”

Section: Author Contributionscontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…This finding is not unexpected considering that hepatitis C is associated with persistent infection with development of chronic liver disease and shows concordance with reports by Azeez-Akande, et al [14] and Karoney, et al [16] of higher HCV antibody seroprevalence in the elderly. In contrast to these findings, Ya'aba, et al [17] found the highest prevalence of hepatitis C among adults aged 26-45 years in 4 health facilities in Abuja, Nigeria. In yet another study, Nwokedi and his colleagues [12] reported highest HCV antibody seroprevalence among individuals aged 31-40; followed by the 41-50 age group and found a subsequent steady decline in prevalence with increasing age.…”

Section: Author Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Hepatitis C in Adults and Children: A Cross-Sectional Review from a Tertiary Hospital, Northeast Nigeria during the Period 2008-2015

Warnow¹,

Ajani²,

JaloIliya³

et al. 2019

J Infect Dis Epidemiol

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Background: HCV is a leading cause of liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure related deaths among children, adolescents and adults worldwide. Sub-Saharan Africa suffers disproportionately from lack of access to both screening for HCV and treatment services with a resultant high rate of chronic hepatitis C related morbidity and mortality. Nigeria is considered among countries with high Hepatitis C burden and the national prevalence average in 2013 was estimated to be 2.2%. Routine screening for hepatitis C antibody in the country is however sub-optimal. The present study sought to determine the prevalence of hepatitis C antibody in adults and children. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of adults and children tested for Hepatitis C at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe; northeast Nigeria from January 2008 to December 2015. We consecutively reviewed results of Hepatitis C antibody tests performed using HCV ACON rapid immunoassay. Variables including age; sex, year test was performed and hepatitis C antibody status were analysed. Results: 6874 individuals tested aged 1-98 years; male: female ratio 1.4:1. HCV antibody was positive in 473 (6.9%). HCV antibody sero-positivity was associated with increasing age and was highest (18.0%) above 65 years. (p < 0.001) 282 (59.6%) with HCV antibody also tested for HBsAg. Dual seropositivity with HBsAg and HCV antibody was significantly higher among males (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Hepatitis C prevalence is high and increased with age to peak in the elderly. Dual HBV/HCV infection is highest in males.

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Section: Author Contributionscontrasting

confidence: 60%

Section: Author Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Hepatitis C in Adults and Children: A Cross-Sectional Review from a Tertiary Hospital, Northeast Nigeria during the Period 2008-2015

Warnow¹,

Ajani²,

JaloIliya³

et al. 2019

J Infect Dis Epidemiol

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“… 27 It is however, higher than coinfection rate of 1.5% in Lagos, 30 0.4% in Abuja. 31 2.4% in Ouagadougou, 32 1.8% in Ethiopia, 33 and 1.65% in Ibadan. 34 On the other hand, the co-infection rate of 6.5% is lower compared to some published rates, including the report of 11.3% in Jos, 35 23.3% in South-west Nigeria, 36 and 33% in Benin City.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence and risk factors of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care at a tertiary hospital in Abuja, Nigeria

Agboghoroma

Ukaire

2020

Niger Med J

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Context: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) co-infection in pregnant women has increased potential for Mother-to-Child Transmission risks of both viruses. The reports on the prevalence and risk factors for HIV and HCV co-infection in pregnancy are limited in Nigeria. Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and potential risk factors for HIV and HCV infection among pregnant women in Abuja. Study Design: A cross-sectional seroprevalence study carried out on pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of a tertiary hospital in Abuja from July 1 st to October 31 st 2016. Patients were recruited consecutively and counselled for HIV and HCV. Structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data, and information on potential risk factors for HIV and HCV infections. Blood samples were collected for HIV and HCV screening using rapid test kits following the national testing algorithm. Data generated were analyzed with statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: 252 pregnant women participated in this study. The mean age of the study population was 31.7 ± 4.9 years. The prevalence of HIV and HCV was 12.3% and 1.2% respectively. The prevalence of HIV/HCV co-infection was 0.8%. The prevalence of HCV among HIV positive cohorts was 6.5%. HIV infection was significantly associated with history of blood transfusion ( P = 0.047), presence of tattoo/scarification marks ( P = 0.009) and multiple sexual partners ( P < 0.0001). HCV infections was not significantly associated with any of the risk factors studied. Conclusion: HIV prevalence is high among the pregnant women. HCV co-infection is common in women who are HIV infected. HIV infection unlike HCV was significantly associated with history of blood transfusion, presence of tattoo/scarification marks and multiple sexual partners.

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“…Approximately 4-5 million have HCV co-infection while nearly 2-4 million individuals who suffer from HIV are also infected with chronic HBV coinfection [9]. The degree of occurrence varies tremendously from one clime over a period of time [10][11][12][13][14][15]. It is on that premise that observation studies are needed to monitor the level and method of occurrence of these viruses and to execute relevant preventive protocols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence Rate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Co - infection among Expectant Mothers Attending Antenatal Clinic in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital

Moore-Igwe

–Uwikor

Jacob

et al. 2022

IBRR

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The global burden of co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV) has a negative impact in Sub-Saharan Africa.When HIV, HBV and HCV co-exist, they become life threatening and with high fatality rate particularly in gestation in which transmission occurs vertically, causing fetal and neonatal hepatitis. The study aimed at examining the occurrence rate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) co - infection among expectant mothers attending antenatal clinic in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH). The study population comprised of one hundred and fifty (150) pregnant women. Venous blood was used in the study and screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV, and anti-HIV antibodies using commercially available immunoassay test kits. The prevalence of HCV, HIV and HBsAg among the pregnant subjects in relation to age group 21-30 and 31-40 in the study revealed a seropositive percentage of 0.7% and 1.3%. The other groups, however, showed no positive result among the three viruses. Furthermore, 0.7% of the pregnant women in their first, second and third trimester were co-infected with HCV and HBsAg while 1.3% out of 36.7% and 0.7% out of 61.3% of pregnant women within the age groups 21-30 and 31-40 respectively were seropositive for HIV. In relation to gestational age, it was seen from the study that 0.7% of the pregnant women in their first, second and third trimester were seropositive for HCV and HBsAg respectively, while 2% of the HIV seropositive pregnant women were in their first trimester. The overall seroprevalence of HCV, HIV and HBsAg as revealed in the study showed that infection was found to be 2% respectively among the pregnant women. The reduced prevalence of hepatitis B (HBsAg), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection observed in the study among pregnant women attending antenatal care in the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital may be attributed to the increase in the awareness amongst the general populace in Port Harcourt especially couples about the consequences of sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV, Hepatitis B as well as Hepatitis C. In other words, there is reduction in seroprevalence of HBsAg, HCV and HIV which is premised on the efficacy of sensitization particularly on HBV vaccination and preventive protocols for HIV.

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Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Co-Infection Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Abuja, Nigeria

Abstract: Co-infection with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is rare in people living with Human Immunodeficiency

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Hepatitis C in Adults and Children: A Cross-Sectional Review from a Tertiary Hospital, Northeast Nigeria during the Period 2008-2015

Hepatitis C in Adults and Children: A Cross-Sectional Review from a Tertiary Hospital, Northeast Nigeria during the Period 2008-2015

Prevalence and risk factors of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care at a tertiary hospital in Abuja, Nigeria

Occurrence Rate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Co - infection among Expectant Mothers Attending Antenatal Clinic in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital

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