Prevalence of high blood pressure and associated factors among adolescents and young people in Tanzania and Uganda

Nsanya, Mussa Kelvin; Kavishe, Bazil; Katende, David; Mosha, Neema; Hansen, Christian Holm; Nsubuga, Rebecca N.; Munderi, Paula; Grosskurth, Heiner; Kapiga, Saidi

doi:10.1111/jch.13502

Cited by 31 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In view of the rising burden of Htn in Africa, epidemiological studies are vital to providing evidence which is essential for planning appropriate interventions. A recent study conducted in both Uganda and Tanzania reported a prevalence of 11% among adolescents and young people [13]. The national Asthma survey which included participants aged ≥12 years, showed that the prevalence of Htn increased with age [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of hypertension in relation to anthropometric indices among secondary adolescents in Mbarara, Southwestern Uganda

et al. 2020

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Background: Studies investigating the prevalence of hypertension and its correlation with anthropometric indices among adolescents are still scarce compared to those conducted in adults of greater than 40 years. So far, no other study estimating the prevalence and correlates of hypertension among adolescents in Uganda has been found. Objective: The purpose of this study, therefore, was to asses the prevalence of hypertension and its correlation with anthropometric indices among adolescents in Mbarara Municipality, southwestern Uganda. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 616 secondary school adolescents aged 12-19 years in Mbarara Municipality, Uganda. Blood pressure and anthropometric indices were determined by standard methods. In the statistical analysis, linear regression analysis was done to assess the relationship between blood pressure and anthropometric indices. Results: Overall prevalence of hypertension among adolescents was at 3.1% (n = 19) while prehypertension was 7.1% (n = 44). There was a statistically significant correlation between blood pressure, neck circumference, waist to hip ratio and body mass index at bivariate analysis. In multivariate analysis for anthropometric indices and sex, only neck circumference remained significantly correlated with blood pressure (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension among adolescents in the study setting was low. An increase in neck circumference results in an increase in blood pressure among adolescents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of hypertension in relation to anthropometric indices among secondary adolescents in Mbarara, Southwestern Uganda

et al. 2020

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“…This is similar to a study in Dar‐es‐Salaam, Tanzania, which found that consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages and processed snacks and junk food is common (Pries et al, 2017 ). Rates of hypertension, overweight and obesity and risk factors for nutrition‐related noncommunicable diseases among adults in Mwanza, Tanzania, particularly in rural areas, has been increasing steadily (Nsanya et al, 2019 ). Even though rates of childhood overweight and obesity are relatively low, they will likely increase given trajectories in similar settings (Popkin et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engaging fathers to improve complementary feeding is acceptable and feasible in the Lake Zone, Tanzania

Matare

Kayanda³

et al. 2021

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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In Tanzania, suboptimal complementary feeding practices contribute to high stunting rates. Fathers influence complementary feeding practices, and effective strategies are needed to engage them. The objectives of this research were to examine the acceptability and feasibility of (1) tailored complementary feeding recommendations and (2) engaging fathers in complementary feeding. We conducted trials of improved practices with 50 mothers and 40 fathers with children 6–18 months. At visit 1, mothers reported current feeding practices and fathers participated in focus group discussions. At visit 2, mothers and fathers received individual, tailored counselling and chose new practices to try. After 2 weeks, at visit 3, parents were interviewed individually about their experiences. Interview transcripts were analysed thematically. The most frequent feeding issues at visit 1 were the need to thicken porridge, increase dietary diversity, replace sugary snacks and drinks and feed responsively. After counselling, most mothers agreed to try practices to improve diets and fathers agreed to provide informational and instrumental support for complementary feeding, but few agreed to try feeding the child. At follow‐up, mothers reported improved child feeding and confirmed fathers' reports of increased involvement. Most fathers purchased or provided funds for recommended foods; some helped with domestic tasks or fed children. Many participants reported improved spousal communication and cooperation. Families were able to practice recommendations to feed family foods, but high food costs and seasonal unavailability were challenges. It was feasible and acceptable to engage fathers in complementary feeding, but additional strategies are needed to address economic and environmental barriers.

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“…However, prevalence estimates for high BP among adolescents and young people in SSA varies widely across studies 10 – 16 . This is partly due to differences in sampling methods and BP measurement procedures and failure to implement the stepwise approach that is recommended in clinical guidelines 10 , 17 . To the best of our knowledge, reported studies from Africa have yet employed the BP screening strategy recommended by the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guideline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustained high blood pressure and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in Tanzanian adolescents

Nsanya

Ayieko

Hashim

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Estimates for prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) among adolescents in Africa vary widely and few studies, if any, have documented the results of the recommended stepwise BP screening. In this cross-sectional study in Tanzania, we aimed to estimate prevalence of sustained high BP in 3 public secondary schools using the American Academy of Pediatrics BP screening strategy. On Day 1, one screening automated office BP (AOBP) measurement (Step 1) was followed by two more AOBP measurements (Step 2). Repeat AOBP measurements were obtained after about one month on adolescents with high AOBP measurements on Day 1 (Step 3). Participants with sustained high BP underwent 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (step 4). Of all 500 enrolled participants, the prevalence of high blood pressure at each step in the process was 36.6% (183), 25.6% (128), 10.2% (51), and 2.6%(13) respectively for Steps 1–4. All except 6 students completed all 4 steps of the BP screening algorithm as indicated. We conclude that diagnosis of hypertension in African adolescents should use multiple AOBP measurements over multiple days followed by 24-h ABPM. Screening for high BP in school settings appears to be feasible and could provide a platform for cardiovascular disease education and health promotion.

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Prevalence of high blood pressure and associated factors among adolescents and young people in Tanzania and Uganda

Cited by 31 publications

References 31 publications

Prevalence of hypertension in relation to anthropometric indices among secondary adolescents in Mbarara, Southwestern Uganda

Prevalence of hypertension in relation to anthropometric indices among secondary adolescents in Mbarara, Southwestern Uganda

Engaging fathers to improve complementary feeding is acceptable and feasible in the Lake Zone, Tanzania

Sustained high blood pressure and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in Tanzanian adolescents

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