Prevalence of Histomonas meleagridis in Broiler Chicken in Different Parts of Mizoram, India

Patra, G.; Prasad, Hridayesh; Lalsiamtha, Jonathan; Kataria, J.L.; Malsawmkim, David; Lalrinkima, H.

doi:10.3923/ijps.2013.98.101

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…According to the previous reports, the most prominent histomonosis-associated gross lesions were localised in the liver and caeca of chickens (Stokholm et al 2010 ; Patra et al 2013 ). The presence of multiple diffuse necrotic foci in the whole liver indicated on advanced and massive damage process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Histomonosis in chickens has been noted in some European countries i.a. Belgium (layers, Esquenet et al 2003 ), Austria (layers, Grafl et al 2011 ), in the Netherlands (layers, Van der Heijden and Landman 2011 ), in Denmark (layers, Stokholm et al 2010 ), Germany (broilers, Popp et al 2011 ; layers, Hafez et al 2001 ; chickens, Hauck et al 2010 ), also in the USA (leghorn pullets, Homer and Butcher 1991 ) and in Asia: Malaysia (broilers; Ganapathy et al 2000 ), India (broiler breeder flock; Banerjee et al 2006 ), (broilers; Patra et al 2013 ). Moreover, the serological evidences for H.meleagridis distribution in layer chicken flocks kept in different housing systems (Grafl et al 2011 ; Van der Heijden and Landman 2011 ) and genotypic variations of parasite isolates have been shown (Bilic et al 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histomonosis - an existing problem in chicken flocks in Poland

et al. 2015

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Histomonosis (histomoniasis, blackhead), beside coccidiosis, belongs to the most important parasitic protozoan diseases in poultry. So far Histomonas meleagridis infections with varied mortality rates have been mainly diagnosed in young turkeys. Recently an increasing number of cases have been reported in chicken flocks in Europe resulting in economic losses. It is thought that this situation is predominantly caused by a complete withdrawal of the effective antihistomonals in the EU. Authors listed the selected outbreaks of histomonosis in 10 chicken flocks originated from different farms of 4 regions in Poland: 8 broiler breeder flocks (at mean age of 33 weeks) and 2 commercial layers flocks (at mean age of 38 weeks). This study reported here naturally occurring case of H.meleagridis infection in commercial broiler breeder (BB) flock line ROSS 308 at the age of 16 weeks. We showed acute form of infection with characteristic necrotic foci in the liver, and ulcerative typhilitis. Beside the liver and caeca, the multiple histomonads, lymphoid tissue depletion and heavy destruction in the bursa of Fabricius were observed. Additionally, the absence of systemic diffuse histomonads and lack of Heterakis gallinarum, caecal worm eggs in faecal samples were noted. PCR technique enabled to detect the presence of H.meleagridis genetic material in the investigated tissue samples. Authors indicate that histomonosis can be considered as re-emerging infectious diseases in chicken flocks of intensive production system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histomonosis - an existing problem in chicken flocks in Poland

et al. 2015

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“…Histomonosis is most common among 2-16-week-old turkeys; however, it is also diagnosed in older birds (26). Even though chickens and other bird species are considered less susceptible to infection and despite the milder course of the disease in them, many clinical cases of histomonosis in poultry in different production systems have recently been described in gallines (3,8,27,28,33).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoncides in the prevention and therapy of blackhead disease and their effect on the turkey immune system

Tykałowski

Smiałek

Kowalczyk

et al. 2021

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Introduction Turkey histomonosis poses a serious threat to poultry production due to the ban on the use of effective drugs. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of a phytoncidal feed supplement on the course of histomonosis. The preparation was also analysed for immunomodulatory properties. Material and Methods Clinical observations and production monitoring were conducted in a flock of turkeys with histomonosis from their 11th to 56th weeks of life which were treated with the adiCoxSOLPF soluble supplement in a dose of 2.5 mL/L water. Later the preparation was used in a preventive dose (1 mL/L). The influence on the immune system was evaluated in broiler turkeys having been given adiCoxSOLPF for 3 days in doses of 1 or 3 mL/L. The T and B lymphocyte percentages in turkey blood and spleen tissue were analysed with flow cytometry. ELISA was implemented to evaluate antibody titres after Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale vaccination, and biochemical analyses were performed to evaluate the supplement’s safety. Results AdiCoxSOLPF was found effective in therapy and prevention of histomonosis. Additionally, adiCoxSOLPF stimulated both humoral and cell-mediated immune mechanisms, without impairing the functions of internal organs. The treated turkeys also yielded better production results (eggs/hen, fertility, and hatchability). Conclusion AdiCoxSOLPF possesses immunomodulatory properties and it can be used successfully in the prevention and therapy of histomonosis in turkeys.

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“…This parasite belongs to the order Trichomonadida with short life outside the host body and disintegrates within a few hours (Lotfi et al 2012;McDougald 2005). This causative agent of histomoniasis (Blackhead disease) has been reported in many of the birds was only known in Europe, East Asia, and Australia, but now it is seen in all the countries with poultry breeding (Heelsbergen 1929;McDougald 2005;Patra et al 2013). Although by PCR, the presence of parasite is proved in most tissues of infected birds, cecum and liver have shown to be the most important predisposing sites (Huber et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infection with this parasite has been reported in many birds, but infection in turkeys is the most critical case with occasionally mortality rate of 100%, with above two million dollars losses per year in some countries such as the United States, and then, the chickens with mortality rate of 10-20% (McDougald 1997(McDougald , 2005. The main transmission is through the cecal worm (Heterakis gallinarum) eggs known as, considered as the parasite reservoir and protective (Aka et al 2010;Lister 2010), proved by the presence of nematodes in birds infected with H. meleagridis, which is known as the potential carrier (Patra et al 2013). The birds develop H. meleagridis infection by eating the H. gallinarum embryonated eggs containing H. meleagridis from farms or eating the earthworms infected with H. gallinarum containing the above parasite (Esquenet et al 2003;Patra et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of pathogenic parasite Histomonas meleagridis in poultry in Lorestan province, western Iran

Badparva

Kheirandish

2017

J Parasit Dis

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is a flagellate protozoan parasite living in the cecum of birds digestive system and is the causative agent of histomoniasis. In this study 110 poultry fresh stool samples were assessed in order to detect , and egg or adult worm of in Lorestan province, Iran. The results showed that the prevalence of was 31%. Also, 19.5% of infected poultry had a watery stool. The eggs or adult worms of were not seen in any of the samples. The results showed the high prevalence of this parasite, and the factors such as temporary hosts, susceptible hosts, and cloacal transmission with the involvement of water containing the parasite are the effective risk factors in prevalence. It is better to considered as waterborne parasites, so further epidemiological studies on other birds are suggested to determine the parasite pathogenic strains using molecular methods.

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Prevalence of Histomonas meleagridis in Broiler Chicken in Different Parts of Mizoram, India

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

Histomonosis - an existing problem in chicken flocks in Poland

Histomonosis - an existing problem in chicken flocks in Poland

Phytoncides in the prevention and therapy of blackhead disease and their effect on the turkey immune system

Epidemiology of pathogenic parasite Histomonas meleagridis in poultry in Lorestan province, western Iran

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