Prevalence of HIV in Patients with Malignancy and of Malignancy in HIV Patients in a Tertiary Care Center from North India

Sinha, Sanjeev; Agarwal, Ashish; Gupta, Kartik; Mandal, Dibyakanti; Jain, Mitul; Detels, Roger; Nandy, Karabi; Devos, Michelle A.; Sharma, Surendra Kumar; Manoharan, N; Julka, P.K.; Rath, G. K.; Ambinder, Richard F.; Mitsuyasu, Ronald T.

doi:10.2174/1570162x16666181018161616

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Similar results in the study performed by Hasswell et al, (1996Hasswell et al, ( -2013 showed that the mortality rate among the ADCs group decreased, whereas this rate increased among the NADCs group (28). Other studies reported that, although the incidence of ADCs declined in recent years, as the HIV-infected population aged, the incidence of NADCs increased and had the same inci-dence to the general population (12,(29)(30)(31)(32). As a result, a proper screening program and early vaccination against preventable oncogenesis seem to be of substantial importance (24).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Prevalence of Cancers Among Patients with HIV Referring to Voluntary Counseling and Testing Center, Tehran, Iran, 2004-2017

Tamajani

Gorji

Dadras

et al. 2020

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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Background: Malignancies, in part, are responsible for high HIV-related morbidity and mortality. While antiretroviral therapy (ART) substantially decreases the risk of developing AIDS-defining cancers, HIV-infected individuals remain at high risk for non-AIDS-defining cancers. Objectives: In Iran, the epidemiology of AIDS and non-AIDS-defining cancers in the HIV-infected population has not been studied; therefore, this study investigated the prevalence of cancers among HIV-infected patients in Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, using convenient sampling, hospital records of 1243 HIV-infected patients from 2004 to 2017 were collected at the Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran. The only inclusion criterion was a positive HIV result of ELISA and Western blot tests. The records were investigated for the occurrence of HIV- and non-HIV-defining cancers. To examine the association between relevant factors and cancer, we used a multivariate logistic regression model to calculate the adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR). Results: Thirty-nine out of 1243 HIV-infected patients, including 16 males (41%) and 23 females (59%), were diagnosed with concurrent cancer (3.1%). Twenty-five individuals had AIDS-defining cancers (2%), and 14 had non-AIDS-defining cancers (1.1%). Cervical cancer was detected in 14 patients (1.1%), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in 7 patients (0.6%), and Kaposi's sarcoma in 4 patients (0.3%). There was a significant association between age group (30-40 years old) and the type of cancer (P = 0.048). Age group (adjusted odds ratio 3.33 for age group ≥ 50 yrs, 95% CI: 0.42-26.60) and gender (adjusted odds ratio 0.36 for men, 95% CI: 0.18–0.70) remained independently associated with cancer (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of AIDS-defining cancers was higher than non-AIDS-defining cancers. These results highlighted the importance of promoting cancer screening and early ART initiation among HIV-infected patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Prevalence of Cancers Among Patients with HIV Referring to Voluntary Counseling and Testing Center, Tehran, Iran, 2004-2017

Tamajani

Gorji

Dadras

et al. 2020

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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“…(28) Globally, the roll out of ART in HIV patients has signi cantly reduced the rate of hospitalization among HIV patients from cancers of any type. (29,30) Nevertheless, non-AIDS de ning cancers will remain a signi cant co-morbidity in PLHIV due to increased longevity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases among Hospitalized HIV Positive Patients at Lira Regional Referral Hospital, Northern Uganda: Retrospective Chart Review 2016-2020

Bernard

Bosco

Bony

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Non-communicable diseases(NCDs) are increasing rapidly in sub-Sahara Africa including Uganda. Knowledge of the effect of long-term antiretroviral therapy(ART) and emergence of NCDs on hospital utilization remain scant. This study aimed to assess the burden of major NCDs and predictors of mortality among hospitalized HIV positive patients in the medical wards at Lira regional referral hospital in Northern Uganda.Method: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional chart review of hospitalized patients from the male and female medical wards between 2016 and 2020. The prevalence of NCDs was estimated and status at discharge determined. Binary and multi-variable regression analyses were performed to determine predictors of mortality with statistical significance set at 0.05 p-value. Results: A total of 445 patient files were examined, with 49 percent (n=218) of them revealing HIV status. Males made up 53% of the total number of patients studied (n=226). In HIV positive patients, the prevalence of at least one NCD, two NCDs, and three or more NCDs multi-morbidity was 73 percent, 16 percent, and 2 percent, respectively. In HIV negative controls, the prevalence of at least one NCD, two NCDs, and three or more NCDs was 62 percent, 28 percent, and 6 percent, respectively, compared to HIV positive controls. Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancers, chronic lung disease, liver diseases, and mental disorders were found in 19.52 percent (CI: 14.67-25.49) of HIV positive patients versus 36.99 percent (CI: 30.06-44.50), 4.4.65 percent (CI: 02.51-08.51) versus 22.65 percent (CI: 17.57-29.74 p-value= 0.001), 13.55 percent (CI: 09.56-18.87) versus 9. 56 percent (CI: 05.99-14.89), 04.65 percent (02.51-08.47) versus 5.62(03.03-10.18), 27.91 percent (22.27-34.32) versus 29.53 (23.48-36.41), and 26.63 percent (21.10-33.02)versus 06.82 (03.89-11.68,p-value-=<0.001). In HIV patients, being middle-aged (40-50 years) was the sole independent predictor of mortality.Conclusion. HIV positive inpatients had a lower prevalence of major NCDs than HIV negative inpatients, albeit, this was not statistically significant except for diabetes mellitus and mental disorders. Increasing age is a significant predictor of mortality in hospitalized HIV positive patients. Prioritizing screening infrastructure and service capacity to reduce the burden of NCDs in PLHIV is critically important.

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“…HIV infected individuals are at an increased risk of developing cancer. 13 In the early 1980's, reports of a cluster of cases of Pneumocystis jiroveci and an unusually aggressive malignancy, Kaposi's sarcoma in homosexual men drew attention to the rising AIDS pandemic. It soon spread throughout the globe and soon worldwide, there were increasing reports of certain speci c cancers namely Kaposi's sarcoma, aggressive lymphomas and cervical cancers, which have now been termed as AIDS de ning cancers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Patterns and Current Trends of AIDS Defining and Non-AIDS Defining Malignancies in HIV Infected Individuals from a Tertiary Care Center in South India

Philipose

Sundar

Ramapuram

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: People living with HIV/AIDS are at increased risk of developing malignancies- both AIDS defining and non-AIDS defining. The trends in incidence and severity of cancers among those with HIV/AIDS has greatly changed since the advent of ART. The aim of this study was to analyse the clinico-epidemiological profile of patients in South India with HIV/AIDS who subsequently developed malignancy. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of patients with HIV/AIDS who were diagnosed with cancer after seroconversion from January 2014 to December 2019 and presented to a tertiary medical centre. Results: Of the 627 cases of HIV presenting to the hospital during the study period, 50 (8%) developed cancer. Among the patients with cancer 14 (28%) had AIDS defining cancer while 36 (72%) had non- AIDS defining cancer. The mean CD4 cell count at the time of diagnosis with malignancy was 502.45/uL. Among the patients with AIDS defining malignancies, 10 patients (71.4%) had NHL, 3 patients (21.4%) had invasive cervical cancer and one patient (7.1%) was diagnosed with CNS lymphoma. Among the 36 cases of non-AIDS defining malignancies, there were 7 cases (19.4%) of malignancies of the upper airway (oral cavity, nasopharynx, larynx), 7 cases (19.4%) of malignancies of the female genital tract, 6 cases (16.7%) of haemato-lymphoid malignancies, 3 cases each (8.3%) of malignancies of the lung and GIT including anal canal. 2 cases each (5.6%) of breast carcinoma or carcinoma of the male genital tract. 1 case each (2.8%) of cancers of the eye, urinary tract and metastatic lesion with an unknown primary were also reported. Conclusion: Malignancies in HIV infected individuals in an emerging global health issue. In the present study, we report a prevalence of 8% of malignancies in HIV infected individuals and a higher incidence of non-AIDS defining malignancies.

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Prevalence of HIV in Patients with Malignancy and of Malignancy in HIV Patients in a Tertiary Care Center from North India

Cited by 6 publications

References 40 publications

Prevalence of Cancers Among Patients with HIV Referring to Voluntary Counseling and Testing Center, Tehran, Iran, 2004-2017

Prevalence of Cancers Among Patients with HIV Referring to Voluntary Counseling and Testing Center, Tehran, Iran, 2004-2017

The Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases among Hospitalized HIV Positive Patients at Lira Regional Referral Hospital, Northern Uganda: Retrospective Chart Review 2016-2020

Emerging Patterns and Current Trends of AIDS Defining and Non-AIDS Defining Malignancies in HIV Infected Individuals from a Tertiary Care Center in South India

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