Prevalence of HIV infection among people with disabilities: a population-based observational study in Yaoundé, Cameroon (HandiVIH)

Beaudrap, Pierre De; Beninguissé, Gervais; Pasquier, Estelle; Tchoumkeu, Alice; Touko, Adonis; Essomba, Frida; Brus, Aude; Aderemi, Toyin Janet; Hanass-Hancock, Jill; Eide, Arne Henning; Mac-Seing, Muriel; Mont, Daniel

doi:10.1016/s2352-3018(16)30209-0

Cited by 42 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This relationship is likely bi-directional, with IPV leading to disabilities (including injuries due to severe forms of IPV), and people with disabilities, in particular people with mental health conditions and intellectual disabilities, being at higher risk of IPV. Research in Africa also indicates that women with disabilities are at particular risk of experiencing all forms of violence [21, 22]. Women with disabilities’ greater vulnerability to IPV may be linked to their reduced economic power, high levels of dependency on others (for some), significant barriers to reporting violence and lack of prosecution of perpetrators [19, 20, 23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and factors associated with recent intimate partner violence and relationships between disability and depression in post-partum women in one clinic in eThekwini Municipality, South Africa

et al. 2017

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Intimate partner violence (IPV) experienced by pregnant and post-partum women has negative health effects for women, as well as the foetus, and the new-born child. In this study we sought to assess the prevalence and factors associated with recent IPV amongst post-partum women in one clinic in eThekwini Municipality, South Africa, and explore the relationship between IPV, depression and functional limitations/disabilities. Past 12 month IPV-victimisation was 10.55%. Logistic regression modelled relationships between IPV, functional limitations, depressive symptoms, socio-economic measures, and sexual relationship power. In logistic regression models, overall severity of functional limitations were not associated with IPV-victimisation when treated as a continuous overall score. In this model relationship power (aOR0.22, p = 0.001) and depressive symptoms (aOR1.26, p = 0.001) were significant. When the different functional limitations were separated out in a second model, significant factors were relationship power (aOR0.20, p = 0.001), depressive symptoms (aOR1.20, p = 0.011) and mobility limitations (aOR2.96, p = 0.024). The study emphasises that not all functional limitations are associated with IPV-experience, that depression and disability while overlapping can also be considered different drivers of vulnerability, and that women’s experience of IPV is not dependent on pregnancy specific factors, but rather wider social factors that all women experience.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and factors associated with recent intimate partner violence and relationships between disability and depression in post-partum women in one clinic in eThekwini Municipality, South Africa

et al. 2017

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“…Although the reviews cited earlier [9,11,12] included multiple empirical studies employing various designs to explore different research questions addressing the relationships between HIV and disability, they were unable to locate a single study providing direct population-based HIV prevalence data in sub-Saharan Africa comparing persons with and without disabilities. It was not until 2017 that such a study was published, employing a matched control group and probability-based sampling [13]. This milestone study showed that persons with disabilities have higher prevalence of HIV infection and higher risk of sexual violence than people without disabilities, and documents stronger correlations between HIV infection and sexual risk among persons with disabilities than the control group.…”

Section: Need For High Quality Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reviewers observe consistency among the risk factors predisposing persons with disabilities to HIV infection, associated with exposures to poverty, social exclusion and violence. A ground-breaking recent study in Cameroon [13] the first in the region to compare HIV prevalence among people with and without disabilities using a matched control group and probability-based samplingfound that persons with disabilities had higher prevalence of HIV infection and higher risk of sexual violence than people without disabilities, and documented stronger correlations between HIV infection and sexual risk (violence, transactional sex) among persons with disabilities than the control group. This single comparative study and the reviews emphasise that research reporting directly on HIV prevalence among persons with disabilities is limited, and the extent to which they are exposed to sexual risk is at best underestimated [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Even the fowl has feelings”: access to HIV information and services among persons with disabilities in Ghana, Uganda, and Zambia

Schenk

Tun

Sheehy

et al. 2018

Disability and Rehabilitation

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Background: Persons with disabilities have often been overlooked in the context of HIV and AIDS risk prevention and service provision. This paper explores access to and use of HIV information and services among persons with disabilities. Methods: We conducted a multi-country qualitative research study at urban and rural sites in Uganda, Zambia, and Ghana: three countries selected to exemplify different stages of the HIV response to persons with disabilities. We conducted key informant interviews with government officials and service providers, and focus group discussions with persons with disabilities and caregivers. Research methods were designed to promote active, meaningful participation from persons with disabilities, under the guidance of local stakeholder advisors. Results: Persons with disabilities emphatically challenged the common assumption that persons with disabilities are not sexually active, pointing out that this assumption denies their rights andby denying their circumstancesleaves them vulnerable to abuse. Among persons with disabilities, knowledge about HIV was limited and attitudes towards HIV services were frequently based upon misinformation and stigmatising cultural beliefs; associated with illiteracy especially in rural areas, and rendering people with intellectual and developmental disability especially vulnerable. Multiple overlapping layers of stigma towards persons with disabilities (including internalised self-stigma and stigma associated with gender and abuse) have compounded each other to contribute to social isolation and impediments to accessing HIV information and services. Participants suggested approaches to HIV education outreach that emphasise the importance of sharing responsibility, promoting peer leadership, and increasing the active, visible participation of persons with disabilities in intervention activities, in order to make sure that accurate information reflecting the vulnerabilities of persons with disabilities is accessible to people of all levels of education. Fundamental change to improve the skills and attitudes of healthcare providers and raise their sensitivity towards persons with disabilities (including recognising multiple layers of stigma) will be critical to the ability of HIV service organisations to implement programs that are accessible to and inclusive of persons with disabilities. Discussion: We suggest practical steps towards improving HIV service accessibility and utilisation for persons with disabilities, particularly emphasising the power of community responsibility and support; including acknowledging compounded stigma, addressing attitudinal barriers, promoting participatory responses, building political will and generating high-quality evidence to drive the continuing response. Conclusions: HIV service providers and rehabilitation professionals alike must recognise the two-way relationship between HIV and disability, and their multiple overlapping vulnerabilities and stigmas. Persons with disabilities demand recognition through practical steps ...

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“…They have lower levels of sexual health knowledge (Eide et al, 2011), and experience a higher prevalence of sexual abuse and exploitation (Hanass-Hancock, 2009;Kvam & Braathen, 2008). It is suggested that in South Africa and elsewhere, this seems to place people with disabilities at greater risk for HIV infection (Groce et al, 2013;De Beaudrap et al, 2017). The myth that people with disabilities are asexual needs to be challenged.…”

Section: Year 1 March: Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creative collaboration on a disability and sexuality participatory action research project: A reflective diary account

Rohleder

Braathen

Carew

et al. 2018

Qualitative Research in Psychology

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This paper presents a team's engagement with a creative collaborative project challenging the myths about the sexuality of people with physical disabilities in South Africa. The paper is presented in the form of a reflective diary account, which has been constructed from minutes of meetings, email correspondences and personal reflections of the activities undertaken. We reflect on the work we have done and what we have learnt, as well as the decisions and dilemmas we had along the way, and the increasingly creative process we embarked on. We reflect on our work with reference to participatory action research and the use of arts-based methods for generating and disseminating knowledge. We believe that this can provide a useful and practical resource for researchers who are new to participatory research methods.

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Prevalence of HIV infection among people with disabilities: a population-based observational study in Yaoundé, Cameroon (HandiVIH)

Cited by 42 publications

References 28 publications

Prevalence and factors associated with recent intimate partner violence and relationships between disability and depression in post-partum women in one clinic in eThekwini Municipality, South Africa

Prevalence and factors associated with recent intimate partner violence and relationships between disability and depression in post-partum women in one clinic in eThekwini Municipality, South Africa

“Even the fowl has feelings”: access to HIV information and services among persons with disabilities in Ghana, Uganda, and Zambia

Creative collaboration on a disability and sexuality participatory action research project: A reflective diary account

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