Prevalence of hypertension among Indian adults: Results from the great India blood pressure survey

Ramakrishanan, S.; Gupta, Kartik

doi:10.1016/j.ihj.2019.09.012

Cited by 136 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…We used data from the Cardiac Prevent 2015 survey. In this survey, data on BP, comorbidities, and risk factors were recorded among adults aged ≥18 years on a single day from 9 am to 5 pm as previously described [ 9 ]. Briefly, the survey was conducted in 24 states and union territories of India (constitute 62.7% of the national population).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines on the prevalence of hypertension among Indian adults: Results from a cross-sectional survey

Kalaivani

Kakar

Jain

et al. 2020

International Journal of Cardiology Hypertension

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines on the prevalence of hypertension among Indian adults: Results from a cross-sectional survey

Kalaivani

Kakar

Jain

et al. 2020

International Journal of Cardiology Hypertension

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“…Local production of essential preventative equipment is likely to grow across countries to reduce future shortages (61,62). Compounding the situation in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan, certainly with respect to available resources to fund prevention and treatment of COVID-19, are also high prevalence rates of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including coronary vascular disease (CVD), hypertension and diabetes (4,74,87,(95)(96)(97). This will necessitate changing models of care with increasing use of all healthcare professionals, exacerbated by the current situation with COVID-19 (98)(99)(100)(101).…”

Section: General and Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Assessment of Price Instability and Paucity of Medicines and Protection for COVID-19 Across Asia: Findings and Public Health Implications for the Future

Godman

Haque

Islam

et al. 2020

Front. Public Health

103

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Background: Countries have introduced a variety of measures to prevent and treat COVID-19 with medicines and personal protective equipment (PPE), with some countries adopting preventative strategies earlier than others. However, there has been considerable controversy surrounding some treatments. This includes hydroxychloroquine where the initial hype and misinformation lead to shortages, price rises and suicides. Price rises and shortages have also been seen for PPE. Such activities can have catastrophic effects on patients where there are high co-payment levels and issues of affordability. Consequently, there is a need to investigate this further.Objective: Assess changes in the availability, utilization and prices of relevant medicines and PPE during the pandemic among a range of Asian countries.Our approach: Narrative literature review combined with interviews among community pharmacists to assess changes in consumption, prices and shortages of medicines and PPE from the beginning of March 2020 until end of May 2020. In addition, suggestions on ways to reduce misinformation.Results: 308 pharmacists took part from five Asian countries. There was an appreciable increase in the utilization of antimicrobials in Pakistan (in over 88% of pharmacies), with lower increases or no change in Bangladesh, India, Malaysia and Vietnam. Encouragingly, there was increased use of vitamins/immune boosters and PPE across the countries, as well as limited price rises for antimicrobials in India, Malaysia and Vietnam, although greater price rises seen for analgesics and vitamin C/immune boosters. Appreciable price increases were also seen for PPE across some countries.Conclusion: Encouraging to see increases in utilization of vitamins/immune boosters and PPE. However, increases in the utilization and prices of antimicrobials is a concern that needs addressing alongside misinformation and any unintended consequences from the pandemic. Community pharmacists can play a key role in providing evidence-based advice, helping to moderate prices, as well as helping address some of the unintended consequences of the pandemic.

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“…NCDs accounted for 60% of all deaths in India in 2014 alongside continued high rates of infectious diseases including TB and growing AMR rates ( Farooqui et al, 2018 ; Kastor and Mohanty, 2018 ; Daftary et al, 2019 ). The growing burden of NCDs including cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension, and diabetes, coupled with the associated need for medicines, will appreciably increase healthcare costs unless addressed, alongside increasing expenditure on antimicrobials with increasing utilisation ( Farooqui et al, 2018 ; India State-Level Disease Burden Initiative CVDC, 2018 ; India State-Level Disease Burden Initiative Diabetes C, 2018 ; Ramakrishnan et al, 2019 ; Vijayakumar et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introduction/backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilisation, Availability and Price Changes of Medicines and Protection Equipment for COVID-19 Among Selected Regions in India: Findings and Implications

Haque

Kumar²,

Charan

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: COVID-19 has already claimed a considerable number of lives worldwide. However, there are concerns with treatment recommendations given the extent of conflicting results with suggested treatments and misinformation, some of which has resulted in increased prices and shortages alongside increasing use and prices of personal protective equipment (PPE). This is a concern in countries such as India where there have been high patient co-payments and an appreciable number of families going into poverty when members become ill. However, balanced against pricing controls. Community pharmacists play a significant role in disease management in India, and this will remain. Consequently, there is a need to review prices and availability of pertinent medicines during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in India to provide future direction.Objective: Assess current utilisation and price changes as well as shortages of pertinent medicines and equipment during the early stages of the pandemic.Our Approach: Multiple approach involving a review of treatments and ongoing activities across India to reduce the spread of the virus alongside questioning pharmacies in selected cities from early March to end May 2020.Our Activities: 111 pharmacies took part, giving a response rate of 80%. Encouragingly, no change in utilisation of antimalarial medicines in 45% of pharmacies despite endorsements and for antibiotics in 57.7% of pharmacies, helped by increasing need for a prescription for dispensing. In addition, increased purchasing of PPE (over 98%). No price increases were seen for antimalarials and antibiotics in 83.8 and 91.9% of pharmacies respectively although shortages were seen for antimalarials in 70.3% of pharmacies, lower for antibiotics (9.9% of pharmacies). However, price increases were typically seen for PPE (over 90% of stores) as well as for analgesics (over 50% of pharmacies). Shortages were also seen for PPE (88.3%).Conclusion: The pandemic has impacted on utilisation and prices of pertinent medicines and PPE in India but moderated by increased scrutiny. Key stakeholder groups can play a role with enhancing evidenced-based approaches and reducing inappropriate purchasing in the future.

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Prevalence of hypertension among Indian adults: Results from the great India blood pressure survey

Cited by 136 publications

References 29 publications

Impact of the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines on the prevalence of hypertension among Indian adults: Results from a cross-sectional survey

Impact of the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines on the prevalence of hypertension among Indian adults: Results from a cross-sectional survey

Rapid Assessment of Price Instability and Paucity of Medicines and Protection for COVID-19 Across Asia: Findings and Public Health Implications for the Future

Utilisation, Availability and Price Changes of Medicines and Protection Equipment for COVID-19 Among Selected Regions in India: Findings and Implications

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