Prevalence of hypertension and other cardiovascular disease risk factors among university students from the National Polytechnic Institute of Côte d’Ivoire: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading causes of death in the world, mainly occurring in low-and-middle income countries. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors among university students at a National Polytechnic Institute in Côte d’Ivoire. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among students of the National Polytechnic Institute of Côte d’Ivoire. Sample was selected using a non-probabilistic convenient sampling method. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and capillary blood glucose were measured. A logistic regression model allowed to determine factors associated with hypertension. Results A total of 2,030 students, 79.7% males and 20.3% females, with a median age of 20 years (IQR = [19–22]) participated in the study. On hypertension knowledge, 96.9% (n = 1,968) of students reported having heard of hypertension; salty foods were reported by more than a third as a cause of hypertension (n = 734; 37.3%), while 114 (5.8%) and 157 (8.0%) selected tobacco and alcohol as causes of hypertension, respectively. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 6.0%, higher in males (6.8%) compared to females (2.7%) (p < 0.001). As for CVD risk factors, 148 (7.3%) were overweight or obese; 44.0% of males and 36.6% of females reported alcohol consumption. In multivariate analysis, being a female (OR = 4.16; CI 95% = [1.96–9.09]; p<0.001), being 25 years old and older (OR = 3.34; CI 95% = [2.01–5.55]; p = 0.001), tobacco use (OR = 2.65; CI 95% = [1.41–4.96]; p = 0.002), being overweight or obese (OR = 3.75; CI 95% = [2.13–6.59]; p<0,001) and having abnormal waist circumference (OR = 6.24; CI 95% = [1.99–19.51]; p = 0.002) were significantly associated with high blood pressure. Conclusion CVD risk factors are prominent among young adults in Côte d’Ivoire. Appropriate behavioural health interventions promoting a healthy lifestyle for young adults should be urgently implemented for CVD burden reduction.

Prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension/hypertension among freshman students from the Vietnam National University: a cross-sectional study

“…Unlike several previous studies, the associations between high BP and insufficient physical activity, high sodium intake, and low fruit/vegetable consumption were not found in our study [ 22 , 30 , 48 , 49 ]. However, several other studies also did not detect a significant association between them and elevated blood pressure among young students [ 9 , 17 – 19 , 50 ].…”

“…Interestingly, smoking was not significantly associated with high blood pressure in this study after adjusting for confounders. This finding was not comparable to some previous studies [ 22 , 54 ]. However, some other studies showed similar results to our study [ 17 , 19 , 20 , 55 ].…”

“…In this cross-sectional study, the prevalence of prehypertension was 33.5% among VNU freshmen, which was similar to the rate in the university student population of Thailand (32.8%), Bangladesh (37.8%), Ethiopia (35.7%), Kuwait (39.5%) and higher than the rate in Indonesia (11.3), Laos (19.4), Malaysia (11.5), Philippines (14.5), Myanmar (18.6%), Uganda (18.8%), and Palestine students (27.1%) [ 9 , 16 – 20 ]. In addition, our study’s overall prevalence rate of hypertension was 1.4%, comparable to that in Palestine (2.2%), Philippines (3.2%), Malaysia (3.2%), Laos (3.9%), and China (4.3%), but significantly lower than that reported in Indonesia (11.3), Thailand (32.8%), Bangladesh (10.2%), Ethiopia (7.7%), Kuwait (7.0%) and other previous studies [ 9 , 16 – 22 ]. Notably, among the 293 students with PHT/HTN in our study, 275 (94%) of them had not previously undergone blood pressure screening.…”

Evidências Científicas Sobre Fatores De Risco Cardiovascular Em Estudantes Da Área Da Saúde: Revisão Integrativa

“…Com isso, os fatores de risco cardiovascular tem cada vez mais sido identificados nessa população. 8,12 No resgate de evidências científicas re- alizado nesta revisão, identificou-se que os fatores de risco cardiovascular mais encontrados nos universitários, referem-se ao consumo de bebidas alcóolicas, tabagismo, alterações no peso, sedentarismo, aumento de colesterol, estresse, hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus. Em estudo realizado entre universitários da Costa do Marfim, verificou-se que 42,5% da amostra referia consumo ativo de álcool e apenas 8% o identificava como um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de doença cardiovascular.…”

During Resistance Training the Effect of Ibuprofen on Muscle Hypertrophy Regarding Strength and Soreness. A Population Based Cross-Sectional Study

“…NSAIDs have been demonstrated to reduce COX-1 and COX-2 activity, thereby reducing prostaglandin output. Within the first three hours following resistance exercise, prostaglandin activity in injured skeletal muscle tissue peaks, whereas NSAID activity peaks 1-4 hours after consumption 8 .…”