Prevalence of hyperuricemia and its association with metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic risk factors in Korean children and adolescents: analysis based on the 2016–2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Abstract

Investigating the prevalence of hyperuricemia and its association with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) in Korean children and adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional survey used data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2017); 1,256 males and females aged 10-18 years were included. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid levels were >6.6 mg/dL at 10-11 years of age (both sexes), >7.7 mg/dL for males at 12-18 years of age and >5.7 mg/dL for females at 12-18 years of age. MetS was defined by the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze hyperuricemia-associated risk factors. Results: The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 9.4% (male, 8.4%; female, 10.5%) (P<0.281). After adjusting for sociodemographic factors and health behaviors in multivariate analysis (model 1), the odds ratio (OR) for hyperuricemia of MetS was 3.05 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-7.92; P=0.022). After adjusting for the same variables in model 1 plus obesity and all MetS components (model 2), only abdominal obesity was significant, and the OR for hyperuricemia was 3.38 (95% CI, 1.72-6.63; P< 0.001) After adjusting for the same variables in model 1 plus body mass index (BMI) z scores and all MetS components except abdominal obesity (model 3), only BMI z scores was significant, and the OR for hyperuricemia was 1.59 (95% CI, 1.34-1.89; P<0.001). Conclusion: MetS, abdominal obesity, and BMI z scores were CMRFs significantly associated with hyperuricemia in Korean children and adolescents. Therefore, attention should be paid to hyperuricemia in patients with obesity or MetS.

<p>Alpha-Mangostin Improves Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis and Associated Biochemical Parameters in High-Fat/High-Glucose Diet and Low-Dose Streptozotocin Injection-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats</p>

“…32,33 Recently, Lee JH (2019) reported that hyperuricemia is also associated with hypertension in children and adolescents. 34 From the above results, it can be concluded that there is an association between hyperuricemia and increased serum transaminases with an increased risk of cardiovascular disorders in diabetics. Similar to previous studies, we also demonstrated that HF/HG/STZ caused an increase in serum AST, ALT, uric acid, and BUN as compared to the control and control-treated with alpha-mangostin groups.…”

High-Throughput Untargeted Serum Metabolomics Analysis of Hyperuricemia Patients by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS

“…Hyperuricemia (HUA) as a metabolic disease is closely associated with metabolic disorders and is an important risk factor for gout, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and so on [1][2][3][4][5][6]. In recent years, with the improvement of living standards, more high-purine, high-protein, and highcalorie foods have entered people's diet structure [7]; thus, the prevalence of HUA is on the rise globally with the trend of younger age [8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Cohort profile: National Investigation of Birth Cohort in Korea study 2008 (NICKs-2008)

“…Moreover, the increasing prevalence of obesity in children and the relationship between childhood and adult obesity indicate the importance of determining the prevalence of and risk factors for obesity in children. 32 We found that the prevalence of obesity, defined as a BMI z score > 1.63, 33 second and third sessions. The finding about more elevated z-scores in the first and second screenings is possibly due to the discrepancies between the z-scores obtained from the WHO growth standards for infants and the actual growth of Korean children under 2 years-old.…”

“…Moreover, the increasing prevalence of obesity in children and the relationship between childhood and adult obesity indicate the importance of determining the prevalence of and risk factors for obesity in children [ 25 ]. We found that the prevalence of obesity, defined as a BMI z score >1.63 [ 26 ], was 7.85% at 6 years of age (NHSPIC seventh session) and increased from 3 to 6 years of age. The NICKs-2008 provides a useful database to analyze factors associated with the risk of childhood obesity.…”