Prevalence of<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>among Childbearing Age Women in India: A Systematic Review

Betha, Kalpana; Robertson, Jamie; Tang, Gong; Haggerty, Catherine L.

doi:10.1155/2016/8561645

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…Sexually transmitted diseases are considered rare in rural Indian women, so this latter scenario is unlikely. [ 77 , 78 ] In both cases of health misclassification, similar rates of misclassification among exposed and unexposed would either result in unbiased estimates or bias of estimates towards the null. [ 79 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From menarche to menopause: A population-based assessment of water, sanitation, and hygiene risk factors for reproductive tract infection symptoms over life stages in rural girls and women in India

et al. 2017

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Women face greater challenges than men in accessing water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) resources to address their daily needs, and may respond to these challenges by adopting unsafe practices that increase the risk of reproductive tract infections (RTIs). WASH practices may change as women transition through socially-defined life stage experiences, like marriage and pregnancy. Thus, the relationship between WASH practices and RTIs might vary across female reproductive life stages. This cross-sectional study assessed the relationship between WASH exposures and self-reported RTI symptoms in 3,952 girls and women from two rural districts in India, and tested whether social exposures represented by reproductive life stage was an effect modifier of associations. In fully adjusted models, RTI symptoms were less common in women using a latrine without water for defecation versus open defecation (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.69; Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.48, 0.98) and those walking shorter distances to a bathing location (OR = 0.79, CI = 0.63, 0.99), but there was no association between using a latrine with a water source and RTIs versus open defecation (OR = 1.09; CI = 0.69, 1.72). Unexpectedly, RTI symptoms were more common for women bathing daily with soap (OR = 6.55, CI = 3.60, 11.94) and for women washing their hands after defecation with soap (OR = 10.27; CI = 5.53, 19.08) or ash/soil/mud (OR = 6.02; CI = 3.07, 11.77) versus water only or no hand washing. WASH practices of girls and women varied across reproductive life stages, but the associations between WASH practices and RTI symptoms were not moderated by or confounded by life stage status. This study provides new evidence that WASH access and practices are associated with self-reported reproductive tract infection symptoms in rural Indian girls and women from different reproductive life stages. However, the counterintuitive directions of effect for soap use highlights that causality and mechanisms of effect cannot be inferred from this study design. Future research is needed to understand whether improvements in water and sanitation access could improve the practice of safe hygiene behaviors and reduce the global burden of RTIs in women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From menarche to menopause: A population-based assessment of water, sanitation, and hygiene risk factors for reproductive tract infection symptoms over life stages in rural girls and women in India

et al. 2017

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In silico vaccine design against Chlamydia trachomatis infection

Shiragannavar

Madagi

Hosakeri

et al. 2020

Netw Model Anal Health Inform Bioinforma

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Chlamydia trachomatis, a gram-negative bacterium known to infect the genital sites mainly columnar epithelial cells of the cervix, urethra and rectum in women and causes acute epididymitis, urinary tract inflammation and DNA damage to the sperms in men, hence considered to be one of the major sexually transmitted infections. The infection is asymptomatic in many people and remains untreated leading to serious health complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy and infertility. The current treatment options include antibiotics, but the pathogen has gained resistance against many antibiotics. The present work involves an in silico reverse vaccinology approach for identifying the immunogens as vaccine candidates that can be effective against reinfections and should be capable of inducing long-term protective immunity against Chlamydial infections. This study identifies the putative vaccine candidates that are membrane bound with high antigenicity properties; antigenicity induces the immunogenicity which involves identification of T-cell and B-cell epitopes that induce both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The epitopes 'LSWEMELAY', 'LSNTEGYRY', 'TSDLGQMEY', 'FIDLLQAIY' and 'FSNNFSDIY' were predicted as core sequences for class I MHC molecules. The identified epitopes showed promising ability to interact with the human leukocyte antigens (HLA). These epitopes showed maximum population coverage with epitope conservancy above 80%. Molecular docking was performed to test the binding affinities of the identified epitopes with the HLA molecule to study the binding cleft interactions. The vaccine candidate thus identified from this study showed to possess the potential to activate the Band T-cell immune responses which are more specific and make the body stronger against infections and effective for reinfections.

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Infecciones por Chlamydia trachomatis en un hospital portugués de atención terciaria: estudio retrospectivo de 11 años

Silva

Queirós

Borges‐Costa

et al. 2021

Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas

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Prevalence ofChlamydia trachomatisamong Childbearing Age Women in India: A Systematic Review

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

From menarche to menopause: A population-based assessment of water, sanitation, and hygiene risk factors for reproductive tract infection symptoms over life stages in rural girls and women in India

From menarche to menopause: A population-based assessment of water, sanitation, and hygiene risk factors for reproductive tract infection symptoms over life stages in rural girls and women in India

In silico vaccine design against Chlamydia trachomatis infection

Infecciones por Chlamydia trachomatis en un hospital portugués de atención terciaria: estudio retrospectivo de 11 años

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