Prevalence of intestinal parasites in Cuban acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients

Escobedo, Ángel A.; Núñez, Fidel A.

doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(98)00091-6

Cited by 51 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Among patients with chronic diarrhea, the opportunistic protozoan parasite C. parvum was isolated; this finding was in agreement with studies done in Ethiopia(11%), Cuba (11.9%), and India (11%) [14,10,27]. Other opportunistic parasites such as C. catyenesis were not identified in this study, due possibly to the use of a single stool specimen.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In Malaysia, Thailand, Cuba, and Brazil, reports have shown that opportunistic coccidian intestinal parasites and S. stercoralis were significantly more frequent in the low-immunity group of HIV-infected patients with diarrhea, while non-opportunistic intestinal parasite infections such as hookworms, Opisthorchis viverrini, and Ascaris lumbricoides were commonly found in HIV-infected people, regardless of immune status or diarrheal symptoms [10,11,16]. Findings from African countries such as Ivory Coast, Tanzania, and Ethiopia indicate a high prevalence of intestinal parasites in HIV/AIDS patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigations into the relationship between HIV/AIDS and enteric parasites in Asia and South America have indicated that several species of protozoa and parasites are involved in acute and chronic diarrhea in HIV/AIDS patients [9,10]. In Malaysia, Thailand, Cuba, and Brazil, reports have shown that opportunistic coccidian intestinal parasites and S. stercoralis were significantly more frequent in the low-immunity group of HIV-infected patients with diarrhea, while non-opportunistic intestinal parasite infections such as hookworms, Opisthorchis viverrini, and Ascaris lumbricoides were commonly found in HIV-infected people, regardless of immune status or diarrheal symptoms [10,11,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of parasitic infections in HIV-positive patients in southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

Fekadu

Taye

Teshome

et al. 2013

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Intestinal parasitic infectionsare a major public health burden in tropical countries. Although all HIV/AIDS patients are susceptible to parasitic infections, those having lower immune status are at greater risk. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in patients living with HIV/AIDS. Methodology: This was a facility-based cross-sectional study. A total of 343 consecutively sampled HIV/AIDS patients from the HIV care clinic of Hawassa University Referral Hospital were included. Subjects were interviewed for demographic variables and diarrheal symptoms using structured questionnaires. Stool examinations and CD4 cells counts were also performed. Results: The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 47.8% among HIV/AIDS patients; single helminthic infection prevalence (22.7%) was higher than that the prevalence of protozoal infections (14.6%). About 54% of study participants had chronic diarrhea while 3.4% had acute diarrhea. The prevalence of intestinal parasites in patients with chronic diarrhea was significantly higher than in acute diarrhea (p <0.05). Non-opportunistic intestinal parasite infections such as Ascaris lumbricoides, Taenia spp., and hookworm were commonlyfound, regardless of immunestatus or diarrheal symptoms. Opportunistic and non-opportunistic intestinal parasitic infection were more frequent in patients with a CD4 count of<200/mm3 (OR=9.5; 95% CI: 4.64-19.47) when compared with patients with CD4 counts of >=500 cells/mm3. Conclusions: Intestinal parasitic infections should be suspected in HIV/AIDS-infected patients with advanced disease presenting with chronic diarrhea. Patients with low CD4 counts should be examined critically for intestinal parasites, regardless of diarrheal status.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of parasitic infections in HIV-positive patients in southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

Fekadu

Taye

Teshome

et al. 2013

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…This study provides new information on the epidemiology of the coccidium. The infection rate (9.8%) of Cyclospora observed in AIDS patients was relatively high, similar to that reported from Haiti (11%), 8 and higher than those published in Peru (less than 1%), 1 Tanzania (1%), 9 Thailand (2.2%), 16 Honduras (6.8%), 17 Cuba (3%), 18 and Egypt (4%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…As in Haiti, 8 this result might be due, at least in part, by the infrequent use of TMP-SMX in our patients; in Venezuela, the use of this drug combination for P. carinii or Toxoplasma prophylaxis is uncommon. The high prevalence (35.2%) of Cryptosporidium parvum in this study is in agreement with a regional report 13 and studies from other countries 8,16,18,20 showing that this parasite is predominant in diarrheal disease associated with AIDS. This fact and the relatively low rate of Cyclospora infection compared with that of Cryptosporidium in this study and that from Haiti 8 , where the use of TMP-SMX prophylaxis is uncommon, might be explained in part by some differences in the mechanisms of transmission of both coccidia.…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

Cyclospora cayetanensis infections among diarrheal patients from Venezuela.

Chacín-Bonilla

Estévez²,

Monsalve³

et al. 2001

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The prevalence and importance of Cyclospora cayetanensis as an enteropathogen among 71 patients (22-45 years old) with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 132 children with diarrhea (0-12 years old) from Venezuela was assessed retrospectively. Two to three stool samples from each patient attending our parasitology laboratory for parasitologic and medical assistance were examined. For identification of the coccidium, modified Ziehl-Neelsen carbolfuchsin staining of formalin-ether stool concentrates was used, and for other intestinal parasites, iron-hematoxylin-stained smears and formalin-ether concentrates were examined. Cyclospora oocysts were found in seven (9.8%) of 71 AIDS patients and seven (5.3%) of 132 children with diarrhea. Other pathogenic parasites were present in most of the patients (9 of 14, 64.3%) shedding oocysts. Cyclosporiasis predominated in children 2-5 years of age with respect to those Յ one year of age (P Ͻ 0.05). The findings suggest that C. cayetanensis is common in diarrheal patients from Venezuela. However, the role of the parasite as the causal agent of diarrhea in these patients is uncertain.

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