Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection among HIV Positive Persons Who Are Naive and on Antiretroviral Treatment in Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia

Abstract

Background. Intestinal parasitic infection affects the health and quality of life of people living with HIV. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites among HIV positive individuals who are naive and who are on antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 371 (112 ART-naive group and 259 on ART) HIV positive individuals. Stool specimens were collected and examined by direct wet mount, formol ether concentration technique, and modified ziehl-Neelsen methods. Results. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was 33.7%; it was significantly higher among the study participants who were ART-naive group (45.5%) (AOR: 2.60(1.56,4.34)) and diarrheic (53.3%) (AOR: 2.30(1.34,3.96)) and with CD4 count <200 cells/μL (46%) (AOR: 2.07(1.06,4.04)). The most commonly identified parasites were Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar (13.5%), Giardia lamblia (8.1%), Strongyloides stercoralis (4.0%), and Cryptosporidium species (2.2%). Conclusion. HIV positive individuals with diarrhea and low CD4 count and ART naive groups were more infected with intestinal parasites than their counterparts. Early stool examination and treatment of intestinal parasites for HIV/AIDS patients is essential.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Blastocystis Infection Among Children and Caregivers in a Child Care Center, Bangkok, Thailand

“…Some studies reported that the improved immune system could reduce Blastocystis infection among HIV-infected children who were on antiretroviral treatment when compared with those who did not receive the antiretroviral therapy. 27,28 In our study, the prevalence of Blastocystis infection among HIV-infected children was significantly lower than among those HIV negatives, which was consistent with other studies from China 29 and Tanzania. 30,31 There is no evidence that either antiretroviral drugs or co-trimoxazole can prevent Blastocystis infection.…”

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and Associated Factors among AdultPre-ART and ART Patients in Goncha Siso Enesie Woreda, East Gojjam,Northwest Ethiopia, 2014

“…The overall prevalence of intestinal parasite infections in pre ART and on ART patients were 53.7% and 36.8%, respectively which is higher than a study conducted in Dessie hospital with prevalence of IP infections 39% for pre ART patients and 17.6% for on ART patients [13] and higher than a study conducted in Eastern Ethiopia, Hiwot Fana specialized hospital with prevalence of 45.5% for pre-ART patients and 33.7 % for on ART patients [14]. This may be due to differences in geographic locations and difference in study participants since this study was conducted in rural woreda which may cause the high prevalence.…”

Detection and molecular characterisation of Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp. and Entamoeba spp. among patients with gastrointestinal symptoms in Gambo Hospital, Oromia Region, southern Ethiopia

“…Compared to other sub-Saharan countries, Ethiopia has been recently demonstrated to bear a considerable burden of neglected tropical diseases, mainly attributable to leishmaniosis, trachoma, podoconiosis, ascariasis and leprosy [31]. Despite giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis and amoebiasis are also known to be widespread in the country [7,8,[10][11][12]16], including the Oromia Region [9,14,15], the public health and development impact of these enteric illnesses remains largely unknown. To gain insight and improve our understating on the epidemiological situation of G. duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp.…”