Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among people living with HIV/AIDS visiting a central hospital of Kathmandu Nepal

Sharma, Homa Nath; Chalise, Bimal Sharma; Rai, Ganesh; Adhikari, Nabaraj; Bastola, Anup; Singh, Anjana

doi:10.3126/ajms.v8i5.17731

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In order for HIV patients to obtain comprehensive healthcare, it is recommended that efforts are made towards diagnosing intestinal parasites in HIV patients especially those with CD4 + T cell counts less than 50 cells/µL. 45 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Parasitemia and HIV/AIDS Co-infections at Varying CD4+ T-cell Levels

Tay¹,

Aryee²,

Badu³

2017

HIV/AIDS Res Treat Open J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Intestinal parasites, especially coccidian parasites, cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as severe diarrhoea which increases morbidity and mortality rates in people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. We examined the prevalence of intestinal parasites in people living with AIDS at different CD4 + T-cell levels. Method: Case-control studies were conducted over a four month period including a total of 672 participants, between the ages of 8 and 72 years. HIV screening and confirmatory tests were done. We examined stool samples by wet mount, followed by formol-ether concentration and staining with Modified Field's and Ziehl Neelsen techniques. We also carried out fluorescenceactivated cell sorting (FACS) analyses to obtain their CD4 + T-cell levels. Results: The prevalence of intestinal parasites were significantly higher (25.2%) among HIV seropositives than HIV seronegative individuals (13.3%), (p<0.001). Coccidian parasites: Cystoisospora belli (formerly Isospora belli), Cryptosporidium and the round worm Strongyloides stercoralis infections were found exclusively in HIV seropositives. Cryptosporidium infections were more frequently observed in the rural cohort (p=0.039). C. belli, Cryptosporidium, Giardia lamblia and Strongyloides stercoralis infections were significantly higher in diarrhoeic stools. Microsporidia and Cystoisospora belli were found mostly in individuals with CD4

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Parasitemia and HIV/AIDS Co-infections at Varying CD4+ T-cell Levels

Tay¹,

Aryee²,

Badu³

2017

HIV/AIDS Res Treat Open J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Infections with intestinal parasites cause a considerable public health burden with protozoa being the more common cause of gastrointestinal infections while the helminthes play the equal role in the developing regions (Fuhrimann et al 2016;Haque 2007). The intestinal protozoa are now being prevalent in both developed and developing countries among patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), immunocompromised hosts and among children aged less than five years (Haque 2007;Sharma et al 2007).…”

Section: Date Of Submissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Parasitic Infections among School Going Children in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

Oli,

Katuwal,

Khadka

et al. 2022

TU J. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: In order to assess the Intestinal Parasitic infections from the School Going Children of Kathmandu Valley, this study analyzed the proportion of parasitic infection from the stool samples. Methods: Stool samples were collected from two schools of Kathmandu and analyzed for the assessment of intestinal parasites from May to June, 2018. The assessment of intestinal parasites was performed by Direct Microscopy and Formol ether Sedimentation technique and Modified Ziehl-Neelsen Staining was performed for the confirmation of Coccidian parasites. Results: The result is that out of 165 stool samples, intestinal parasites were detected in 28 (16.9%) samples and among them, 13 (46.4%) were protozoa and 15 (53.6%) were helminthes. A total of nine different parasites were recorded in the study. Among them, Taenia spp 5 (17.85%) for helminthes and G. lamblia 5 (17.85%) for protozoans was dominant and the least dominant organism for helminthes was H. diminuta (3.58%), for protozoans C. parvum (3.58%). Among the participants, more females were infected with intestinal parasite than male with majority from age group 13-15 years (23.1%). The distribution of parasites was higher among the students who drank water without treatment. Out of 28 intestinal parasites, 14/69 (20.3%) students showed the positive cases i.e. who drank water without treating followed by 13/70 (17.1%) students who filtered before drinking. The students who drank water after boiling 1/26 (3.8%) showed less distribution of parasites. The distribution of parasites was higher in the students who washed hands only with water on the basis of hand washing habits before eating i.e. 15/80 (18.7%). The distribution of parasites was higher among the students who bite their nail sometimes i.e. 15/76 (19.7%) as compared to the student who never bite their nail 13/89 (14.6%). Conclusion: Intestinal parasite is still a major health problem among the school going children in Nepal. Therefore, the infection preventive measures and school health awareness activities should continue.

show abstract

“…Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections have proven to be one of the most complex and devastating infectious diseases ever discovered in the history of humans due to its complicated pathophysiology and association with other infectious diseases [ 1 ]. Intestinal parasitic infections, on the other hand, remain one of the world's most widespread of all chronic human infections and essentially cause high morbidity and mortality across low- and middle-income countries [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deterioration of the immune system due to HIV infection is what predisposes patients to numerous opportunistic infections, including gastrointestinal parasitic infections [ 1 ]. Most intestinal parasites, otherwise considered nonpathogenic or present with transient pathogenic potential in immunocompetent individuals, turn to become more aggressive and cause devastating illnesses in HIV/AIDS patients due to their compromised immunity [ 3 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have shown that intestinal parasitic infections are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients infected with HIV/AIDS [ 1 , 4 , 11 ]. Approximately, 80% of AIDS patients' deaths are attributable to coinfection with other infectious agents, including intestinal parasites [ 3 ]. The introduction of antiretroviral therapy has proven significant effectiveness in reducing the burden of gastrointestinal infections in HIV-positive patients [ 5 ]; nonetheless, most people living with HIV infection still suffer from gastrointestinal parasitic infections as the prevalence rates continue to remain significantly high [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Associated Risk Factors among HIV-Infected Patients Seeking Healthcare in a Rural Hospital in Ghana

Deku

Botchway²,

Kinanyok

et al. 2022

Journal of Pathogens

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. Parasitic infections among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients are common in various regions and populations across the world and have since remained a persistent public health challenge. Sub-Saharan Africa harbors the greatest burden of the infections due to sociodemographic and behavioral factors. However, the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections among HIV-infected persons has been poorly investigated in Ghana. Aim. This study sought to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections and associated factors in HIV-infected individuals attending the antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinic in St. Mary Theresa Hospital, Dodi Papase. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2021 to September 2021 among three hundred and thirty-five HIV-infected individuals in the study area. Sociodemographic and behavioral factors were collected with the aid of a close-ended structured questionnaire. Furthermore, stool samples were collected from each participant and examined for the presence of intestinal parasites by microscopy using direct wet mount, formol-ether concentration, and modified Ziehl–Neelsen (Zn) techniques. Data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 and Graphpad Prism version 8. Results. The prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections was 5.97%. Species-specific prevalence was found to be 2.99% for Giardia lamblia, 1.19% for Ascaris lumbricoides, and 0.90% each for Entamoeba histolytica/dispar and Trichuris trichiura. There was a significant association between participants’ educational level and intestinal parasitic infection. In addition, gastrointestinal parasitic infections were not found to be associated with age. Unemployed participants, those with a lower frequency of deworming, and those who do not use water closet toilet facilities were at a higher risk of getting infected. Conclusion. The lower infection rate recorded in this study suggests that public health interventions put in place are yielding significant results. Even though the prevalence is low, routine screening of all HIV-infected patients for parasitic infection is recommended to ensure timely, effective treatment and comprehensive care.

show abstract

Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among people living with HIV/AIDS visiting a central hospital of Kathmandu Nepal

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Intestinal Parasitemia and HIV/AIDS Co-infections at Varying CD4+ T-cell Levels

Intestinal Parasitemia and HIV/AIDS Co-infections at Varying CD4+ T-cell Levels

Intestinal Parasitic Infections among School Going Children in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Associated Risk Factors among HIV-Infected Patients Seeking Healthcare in a Rural Hospital in Ghana

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About