Prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders and its determinants among school children aged 6 to 12 years in rural areas of Koppal district, Karnataka

Mane, Vijaykumar; Yenkanaik, Yuvaraj Banot; Nimbannavar, Smita M; Anilkumar, L; Holyachi, Sharankumar; Chetana, Kayathi

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20200429

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

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“…However, the source of water was not significantly associated with goitre in this study. In contrast to an Indian study, where the prevalence of goitre was significantly higher in children who used surface water sources for drinking purposes compared with those who used groundwater (34) . Coastal areas are known to contain more iodine in water compared with mountainous areas as the iodinerich layer of soil is cleared by heavy rains and replaced by iodine-poor crystalline rocks (35) .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Prevalence and determinants of goitre among children of South Kordofan state, Sudan, 2021: an urgent need for effective implementation of universal salt iodisation

Abdalla,

Altahir,

Hasabo

et al. 2023

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of goiter among children aged 6-12 years at South Kordofan State. Design: This was a cross-sectional facility-based study. Setting: The study was conducted in 20 villages of South Kordofan State during a medical mission. Participants: All 575 school-age children (6 to 12 years) who attended the medical day were examined for clinical assessment of goiter. Results: The prevalence of goiter among children of South Kordofan was 42.8% (grade 1: 15.7%, grade 2: 27.1%). Only 24.2% of caregivers reported using iodized salt. Mothers working as farmers (OR: 3.209, CI 95% 1.437 – 7.167; p= 0.004) and children of Darforian tribes (OR: 21.799, CI 95% 2.566 - 185.226; p= 0.005) were found to be significantly associated with higher prevalence of goiter among children. This contrasts with children of African tribes, where they were found to have less goiter prevalence (OR: 0.432, CI 95% 0.213-0.875; p= 0.02). Iodized salt utilization (OR = 0.523, CI 95% 0.320 - 0.854; p= 0.01) was found associated with a lower prevalence of goiter. Conclusion: Even though IDD control programs were initiated in Sudan more than 25 years ago, the prevalence of goiter among children in South Kordofan State was alarming (42.8%). Efforts to improve access to iodized salt, increase utilization, and raise awareness are urgently needed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Prevalence and determinants of goitre among children of South Kordofan state, Sudan, 2021: an urgent need for effective implementation of universal salt iodisation

Abdalla,

Altahir,

Hasabo

et al. 2023

Public Health Nutr.

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Prevalence of goitre and iodine deficiency among school children (6–12 years) in rural areas of North Karnataka, India: A cross-sectional survey, 2016–19

Prasad,

Vastrad,

Chaudhuri

et al. 2023

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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Introduction: Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) have remained an unresolved public health problem in India. In this survey, we have estimated the prevalence of IDD among 6–12 years of school children in rural areas of north Karnataka, India and estimated the prevalence of low iodine content (<15 ppm) in salt at the household level and urine iodine excretion in this population. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, we recruited 16,827 children between 6 and 12 years of age through multistage sampling from six districts. Goitre was examined clinically for all children. Household-level salt iodine estimation and urinary iodine estimation were carried out among a subset of the participants. Results: Overall prevalence of goitre was 17.1% (95% CI: 16.5, 17.7). Out of this, 76.7% (n = 2116) had Grade-1 goitre, and 23.7% (n = 656) had Grade-2 goitre. The prevalence of goitre was higher among females (17.9%, vs. male 16.4%, P < 0.05). The prevalence of low iodine content (<15 ppm) in salt was 48.5% (95%CI: 46.7, 50.3). The overall median iodine excretion in urine was 85 μg/L (IQR: 60–150 μg/L). In total, 37.2% (n = 601) had mild iodine deficiency, 5.2% (n = 84) had moderate deficiency, and 10.1% (n = 163) had severe deficiency. All parameters showed high inter- and intradistrict variations. Conclusion: North Karnataka has a high goitre prevalence. Low use of iodized salt can be a major reason for the high prevalence of the condition. Ensuring the availability of iodized salt in this region and periodic surveillance to measure the impact of the programme should be the priority in this region.

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Prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders and its determinants among school children aged 6 to 12 years in rural areas of Koppal district, Karnataka

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Prevalence and determinants of goitre among children of South Kordofan state, Sudan, 2021: an urgent need for effective implementation of universal salt iodisation

Prevalence and determinants of goitre among children of South Kordofan state, Sudan, 2021: an urgent need for effective implementation of universal salt iodisation

Prevalence of goitre and iodine deficiency among school children (6–12 years) in rural areas of North Karnataka, India: A cross-sectional survey, 2016–19

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