Prevalence of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy in people &lt;30 years of age—A population‐based study in Norway

Syvertsen, Marte; Hellum, Morten Kristoffer; Hansen, Gunnar; Edland, Astrid; Nakken, Karl Otto; Selmer, Kaja Kristine; Koht, Jeanette

doi:10.1111/epi.13613

Cited by 37 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It may appear that a substantially higher IGE prevalence, approximately 1 per 1000 adults, than previously published population-based or nearly population-based [18,19] data are reported (overview in reference [6]); still, our data are in line with those of a recently published Norwegian study on JME. Syvertsen et al [9] reported a JME point prevalence of 0.56/1000 in 10-30-year-old persons. A virtually identical point prevalence of JME on the island of Funen (0.49/1000 persons aged 10-30 years) was found when using the same inclusion/exclusion criteria [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Syvertsen et al [9] reported a JME point prevalence of 0.56/1000 in 10-30-year-old persons. A virtually identical point prevalence of JME on the island of Funen (0.49/1000 persons aged 10-30 years) was found when using the same inclusion/exclusion criteria [9]. The calculated incidence rate for JME reported in our study (5.5 per 100 000 person-years in persons aged 10-25 years) is also quite similar to that reported by Syvertsen et al (5.9-13.3 per 100 000 person-years) [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calculated incidence rate for JME reported in our study (5.5 per 100 000 person‐years in persons aged 10–25 years) is also quite similar to that reported by Syvertsen et al . (5.9–13.3 per 100 000 person‐years) . In a population‐based study from France in persons >15 years, the Picot et al reported 55 patients with either JME, JAE or generalized tonic–clonic seizures on awakening.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology and outcome of idiopathic generalized epilepsy in adults

Gesche

Christensen

Hjalgrim³

et al. 2020

Euro J of Neurology

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Background and purpose Drug‐resistant idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) remains challenging despite a favourable overall prognosis of IGE, and little is known about basic epidemiology and long‐term outcome of drug‐resistant IGE. The aim of the study was to describe the incidence, prevalence and outcome of IGE in an unbiased, population‐based cohort. Methods In 2014–2018, all patients (≥17 years) with IGE inhabiting the island of Funen (496 000 inhabitants) were recruited. The socioeconomic and clinical information available for 406 individuals was assessed. Median follow‐up was 15 years. Results The average IGE incidence (2008–2017) was 2.9/100 000 inhabitants/year. The point prevalence of identifiable IGE patients was 1.0/1000 adults (juvenile myoclonic epilepsy 0.4/1000; absence epilepsy 0.3/1000, epilepsy with generalized tonic–clonic seizures alone 0.3/1000); 92.1% of the patients were diagnosed before 25 years of age. When correcting for unequal age distribution in the cohort, 1102 people on the island of Funen fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for IGE at the age of 25 (estimated prevalence 2.7/1000 adults). In the year before data closure, 121 patients reported seizures. Fifty patients met the definition of drug‐resistant IGE (12.1% of the cohort, 4.5% of the estimated 1102 IGE patients). The average seizure burden of all patients with drug‐resistant IGE was 2.2 generalized tonic–clonic seizures per year; only 14 patients suffered more than two generalized tonic–clonic seizures per year. Drug‐resistant IGE was associated with an increased risk of requiring treatment for affective disorders and a reduced probability of working full time. Conclusion Idiopathic generalized epilepsy was associated with a low risk of persistent drug‐resistant seizures requiring specialist medical attention. Drug resistance was associated with a negative socioeconomic outcome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology and outcome of idiopathic generalized epilepsy in adults

Gesche

Christensen

Hjalgrim³

et al. 2020

Euro J of Neurology

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“…29 The definition of JME was based on the consensus on diagnosing and management of JME issued in 2013. 1 Patients were classified as JME or non-JME based on information from the clinical interview, medical records, and EEG recordings. 1 Patients were classified as JME or non-JME based on information from the clinical interview, medical records, and EEG recordings.…”

Section: Classification and Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 The majority of patients have occasional generalized tonicclonic seizures (GTCS), and about one-third have absence seizures. 1 The majority of patients have occasional generalized tonicclonic seizures (GTCS), and about one-third have absence seizures.…”

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confidence: 99%

Antiepileptic drug withdrawal in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

et al. 2018

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Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is the most common type of epilepsy affecting adolescents, and it is hallmarked by myoclonic jerks, predominantly after awakening, aggravated by sleep deprivation and stress. 1 The majority of patients have occasional generalized tonicclonic seizures (GTCS), and about one-third have absence seizures. 2The antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) most commonly used in the treatment of JME are valproate, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, topiramate, and zonisamide. 3 Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy was initially considered a manageable type of epilepsy, with intellectual abilities within the normal range, normal neurologic examination, normal magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, and a favorable response to treatment in the majority of patients. 4,5 However, the rate of relapse upon withdrawal of AEDs was high, and the general advice was that these patients ought to continue medication throughout life. 5-7 Smaller, but more Objectives: Withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) has been discouraged in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). However, impulsivity as a consequence of executive dysfunction in JME may influence treatment adherence. The aim of the present study was to assess how common withdrawal of AEDs is in a large and representative JME group. Materials and methods:Patients with genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) were identified through a retrospective search of medical records at Drammen Hospital, Norway, and invited to a clinical interview. Information related to AED withdrawal was analyzed in those classified as JME.Results: A total of 132 patients with GGE were interviewed (87 JME). Thirty-five patients with JME (40%) discontinued AEDs, of which 74% did so without consulting a doctor. The rate of self-withdrawal was significantly higher in JME than in other types of GGE. Having a parent with psychosocial difficulties was significantly overrepresented in the JME self-withdrawal group. Twelve of those who discontinued AEDs (34%) were free from generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) and without antiepileptic drugs >1 year. All but one of them withdrew AEDs without consulting a doctor. Age at first motor seizure was significantly higher in those with a favorable outcome of AED withdrawal. Conclusions: Self-withdrawal of AEDs is common in JME, especially in those with troublesome conditions at home. However, about 1/3 may remain free from GTCS without AEDs. The findings indicate a need for a stronger follow-up with appropriate information about the prognosis of the disorder. K E Y W O R D Sadherence, antiepileptic drugs, juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, withdrawal

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Sarcopenia and anti‐seizure medication response in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Kim,

Lee,

Lee

et al. 2024

Brain and Behavior

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IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the presence of sarcopenia in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and the association between sarcopenia and response to anti‐seizure medication (ASM) in patients with JME.MethodsWe enrolled 42 patients with JME and 42 healthy controls who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging with three‐dimensional T1‐weighted imaging. We measured the temporal muscle thickness (TMT), a radiographic marker for sarcopenia, using T1‐weighted imaging. We compared the TMT between patients with JME and healthy controls and analyzed it according to the ASM response in patients with JME. We also performed a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate how well the TMT differentiated the groups.ResultsThe TMT in patients with JME did not differ from that in healthy controls (9.630 vs. 9.956 mm, p = .306); however, ASM poor responders had a lower TMT than ASM good responders (9.109 vs. 10.104 mm, p = .023). ROC curve analysis revealed that the TMT exhibited a poor performance in differentiating patients with JME from healthy controls, with an area under the ROC curve of .570 (p = .270), but good performance in differentiating between ASM good and poor responders, with an area under the ROC curve of .700 (p = .015).ConclusionThe TMT did not differ between patients with JME and healthy controls; however, it was reduced in ASM poor responders compared to ASM good responders, suggesting a link between ASM response and sarcopenia in patients with JME. TMT can be used to investigate sarcopenia in various neurological disorders.

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Prevalence of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy in people <30 years of age—A population‐based study in Norway

Cited by 37 publications

References 33 publications

Epidemiology and outcome of idiopathic generalized epilepsy in adults

Epidemiology and outcome of idiopathic generalized epilepsy in adults

Antiepileptic drug withdrawal in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Sarcopenia and anti‐seizure medication response in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

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