Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection among multinational healthcare workers in Muhayil Saudi Arabia

Hibah, Nabil A. Abdelghaffar; Hasan, Hosam-Eldin Abdelhady

doi:10.4103/1687-8426.158078

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In addition to Turkey, a study from Iran showed a prevalence of LTBI among HCWs of 16% and 17% using TST and IGRA, respectively [20]. Studies from Saudi Arabia using TST showed different prevalence rates ranging from 11–22.5% in comparison to our study [21,22].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Healthcare Workers in Duhok Province: From Screening to Prophylactic Treatment

2019

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Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and, hence, of developing tuberculosis (TB) disease. The aims of this study are to identify the prevalence and determinants of latent TB infection (LTBI) among HCWs in Duhok Province. This is a cross-sectional prospective study conducted during April–July 2018 in different health care facilities of Duhok province. HCWs at multiple levels were selected by a non-systematic random sampling method. Information on demographic and associated risk factors of LTBI were collected by using a standardized questionnaire. Thereafter, all HCWs underwent QuantiFERON Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) assay. HCWs with indeterminate QFT-Plus underwent a Tuberculin Skin Test. HCWs with positive results were further evaluated by smear microscopy investigation and chest X-ray examination. Three hundred ninety-five HCWs were enrolled; 49 (12%) tested positive for LTBI. The mean age of the HCWs was 33.4 ± 9.25 with a female predominance (51.1%). According to the univariate analysis, LTBI was significantly higher among HCWs with the following: age groups ≥ 30 years, alcohol intake, ≥ 11 years of employment, high risk stratification workplaces, and medical doctors. In the multivariate analysis, the age group of 30–39 years (OR = 0.288, 95% CI: 0.105–0.794, p value = 0.016) was the only risk factor associated with LTBI. Further medical investigations did not reveal active TB cases among HCWs with LTBI. With regards to prophylactic treatment, 31 (63.3%) LTBI HCWs accepted the treatment, whereas 18 (36.7%) declined the chemoprophylaxis. Of these 31 HCWs on chemoprophylaxis, 12 (38.7%) received isoniazid (INH) for six months, 17 (54.8%) received INH in combination with rifampicin (RMP) for three months, and two (6.5%) received alternative therapy because of anti-TB drug intolerance. In conclusions, although Iraq is a relatively high TB burden country, the prevalence of LTBI among Duhok HCWs is relatively low. It is important to screen HCWs in Duhok for LTBI, particularly medical doctors, young adults, alcoholics, and those whom had a long duration of employment in high-risk workplaces. The acceptance rate of HCWs with LTBI to chemoprophylaxis was low. Therefore, ensuring medical efforts to educate the healthcare staff particularly, non-professionals are a priority to encourage chemoprophylaxis acceptance.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Healthcare Workers in Duhok Province: From Screening to Prophylactic Treatment

2019

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“…In our study, we found that LTBI was 23% among males and 23.2% among females, with no statistically significant difference. A similar result was reported by Nabil et al, with 22% in males and 23% in females [36]. Schablon et al reported no significant difference -7.2% in males and 7.1% in females [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Another study in Saudi Arabia using both TST and QFT GIT among healthcare workers working during the Hajj pilgrimage season found that the LTBI rate was 10.8% [16]. From Muhayil city, another study was carried out in the same context using TST testing 208 HCWs and found that 47 (22.5%) tested positive [17]. Murad et al found that out of 296 students, 35 undergraduate female students of health sciences (12%) had a positive PPD reaction [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of latent tuberculosis Infection among healthcare students and medical doctors using tuberculin skin test

Goweda¹

2021

fmpcr

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Background. Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is defined as the absence of symptoms of tuberculosis in individuals who have an immune response stimulated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens. Objectives. To estimate the prevalence of LTBI among healthcare students and medical doctors using the tuberculin skin test and to study the associated risk factors. Material and methods. This cross-sectional study was carried out to review the tuberculin skin test (TST) records of newly hired medical doctors, medical interns and medical students. A review of pre-employment records was done, including results of TST and sociodemographic information, as well as potential factors influencing TST reaction.

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“…Pnuemocystis pneumonia (PCP) history was recorded in the medical history of 6% of patients (27/426), and 5% had a history of thrush (20/426). Hepatitis B at 11% (46/426) and tuberculosis (TB) history at 18% (76/426) are similar to the overall population rates of these diseases, which are endemic to the Philippines.19,20 Hepatitis C prevalence was 0.7% in our cohort (3/426), which is also similar to the general population rate.19 Over 13% of patients (57/426) had a history of syphilis and 39% (166/426) had had another sexually transmissible infection (STI).…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Risk factors affecting adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV patients in Manila, Philippines: a baseline cross-sectional analysis of the Philippines Connect for Life Study

O'Connor

Leyritana²,

Calica³

et al. 2021

Sex. Health

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Background The Philippines HIV epidemic is one of the fastest growing, globally. Infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) are rising at an alarming rate, necessitating targeted evidence-based interventions to reach epidemic control. Treatment as prevention is a key strategy to end AIDS, making it a priority to explore novel approaches to retain people living with HIV (PLHIV) in care, support adherence, and reach viral suppression. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis describes HIV-related risk behaviours and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a population of HIV-positive patients at a clinic in Metro Manila, Philippines participating in the Philippines Connect for LifeTM cohort study. Results: Among 426 HIV-positive adults taking ART, 79% reported ≥95% adherence over the prior 30 days. Longer time on treatment was associated with reduced adherence to ART (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.87 per year, P = 0.027). Being in a serodiscordant relationship, in which the subject’s primary partner was HIV negative, increased adherence (AOR = 3.19, P = 0.006). Inconsistent condom use (AOR = 0.50, P = 0.103) and injection drug use (AOR = 0.54, P = 0.090) are potentially associated with reduced adherence to ART. Patients used drugs and alcohol at significantly higher rates than the general population.? Conclusions: The study found that patients in this setting require intervention to address treatment fatigue. Interventions to improve social support of PLHIV, as well as harm-reduction approaches for drug and alcohol use, could improve adherence in this population, strengthening the test-and-treat strategy to control the epidemic.

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Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection among multinational healthcare workers in Muhayil Saudi Arabia

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Healthcare Workers in Duhok Province: From Screening to Prophylactic Treatment

Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Healthcare Workers in Duhok Province: From Screening to Prophylactic Treatment

Screening of latent tuberculosis Infection among healthcare students and medical doctors using tuberculin skin test

Risk factors affecting adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV patients in Manila, Philippines: a baseline cross-sectional analysis of the Philippines Connect for Life Study

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