Prevalence of Legionella among pneumonia patients and environmental water samples in an Egyptian University Hospital

A, Abo-Allela Doaa; A, Amer Fatma; M, Nafea Ramadan; A, Hafez Raghda

doi:10.3823/786

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Hospitalized patients with a diagnosis of ventilatorassociated pneumonia were also excluded. However, in circumstances where studies reported results containing both CAP and HAP data [31][32][33][34][35] only Legionellosis data specific to CAP was included in the meta-analysis. (b) Poster abstracts, brief communications, case reports, cases series, reviews/evaluations, editorials, correspondence without original data and laboratory-based studies of CAP (c) studies, which recruited CAP patients pre 1 January 1990.…”

Section: Search Strategy and Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Perspective of Legionella Infection in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Graham

Finn

White³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Legionnaires’ disease (LD) (Legionella) is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in those requiring hospitalization. Geographical variation in the importance of Legionella species as an aetiologic agent of CAP is poorly understood. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based observational studies that reported the proportion of Legionella infection in patients with CAP (1 January 1990 to 31 May 2020). Using five electronic databases, articles were identified, appraised and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Univariate and multivariate meta-regression analyses were conducted using study design, WHO region, study quality and healthcare setting as the explanatory variables. We reviewed 2778 studies, of which 219 were included in the meta-analysis. The mean incidence of CAP was 46.7/100,000 population (95% CI: 46.6–46.8). The mean proportion of Legionella as the causative agent for CAP was 4.6% (95% CI: 4.4 to 4.7). Consequently, the mean Legionella incidence rate was 2.8/100,000 population (95% CI: 2.7–2.9). There was significant heterogeneity across all studies I2 = 99.27% (p < 0.0001). After outliers were removed, there was a decrease in the heterogeneity (I2 = 43.53%). Legionella contribution to CAP has a global distribution. Although the rates appear highest in high income countries in temperate regions, there are insufficient studies from low- and middle-income countries to draw conclusions about the rates in these regions. Nevertheless, this study provides an estimate of the mean incidence of Legionella infection in CAP, which could be used to estimate the regional and global burden of LD to support efforts to reduce the impact of this infection as well as to fill important knowledge gaps.

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Section: Search Strategy and Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Perspective of Legionella Infection in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Graham

Finn

White³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…The activities of levofloxacin and azithromycin are similar and both are considered the first-line therapy (13) . Patients with legionnaire disease who do not receive appropriate antibiotics can have bad prognosis and high mortality rate (14) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Legionella Among Pneumonia Patients & Environmental Water Sample at Sohag University Hospital

Nageeb

Mohamed

Sayed

et al. 2023

Minia Journal of Medical Research

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Background: Legionellae are aerobic, gram-negative, non-spore-forming bacteria. Over 56 distinct Legionella species are encompassing at least 70 serogroups, approximately half of which have been isolated from, or detected in clinical specimens, but all species are regarded as potential human pathogens. Aim of the study: To detect the prevalence of legionella among pneumonia patients in environmental water samples in Sohag University Hospital. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on 100 newly diagnosed patients with pneumonia on environmental water samples taken from 10 water outlets over the period from December 2016 to December 2017 at Sohag University Hospital. The following were done to all subjects: full history taking, full clinical examination, urine culture on Buffered Charcoal Yeast Extract (BCYE) Legionella Urine Ag test (UAG) and water culture on BCYE. Results: They were 44 males (44%), 3 of them were positive for legionella culture and 56 females (56%), 2 of them were positive for legionella culture. Their age ranged from 26-85 years with mean value 58.04±11.51 years. Cases with Legionella showed a significantly higher prevalence of neurological manifestations; need more ICU admission and ventilatory support, more likely to be males and smokers, cardiac, having more chest pain or GIT manifestations, higher degrees of dyspnea. Conclusion: This study found that smokers, males, having CAP with an underlying COPD and non-productive cough, GIT and neurological manifestation should be considered for Legionella infection. Patients hospitalized for more than 10 days, who acquired HAP should be suspected for Legionella until prove otherwise.

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Isolation of Legionella pneumophila from Hospitals Water Supply in Egypt

El-Mahdy

Mahmoud

2017

Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Research

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Objectives:The study was conducted to screen the water samples isolated from hospitals in Egypt for contamination with Legionella spp. Methods: A total of 66 water samples were collected from different departments in 10 governmental hospitals. Identification of Legionella spp and Legionella pneumophila was performed by standard culture method and by PCR assay. Serogrouping of L. pneumophila was carried out utilizing latex agglutination test. Results: The current study revealed that 8 of 66 (12%) water samples were positive for Legionella spp by culture method. However, only 4 (6%) samples were contaminated with L. pneumophila identified by PCR, 3 of them were also identified by culture method. L. pneumophila were found in different hospital departments; accident and emergency department, intensive care unit, internal medicine department and chest department. All identified L. pneumophila were of serogroup 1. Conclusions: Legionella spp is ubiquitously present in water samples. Potable hospital water supply is a primary source of Legionnaires' disease if contaminated with L. pneumophila. Routine screening of Legionella spp in water supply to hospitals is required periodically to remove the pathogen and enhance health care during hospital stay.

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Prevalence of Legionella among pneumonia patients and environmental water samples in an Egyptian University Hospital

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Global Perspective of Legionella Infection in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Global Perspective of Legionella Infection in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Prevalence of Legionella Among Pneumonia Patients & Environmental Water Sample at Sohag University Hospital

Isolation of Legionella pneumophila from Hospitals Water Supply in Egypt

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