Prevalence of &lt;i&gt;Toxoplasma gondii&lt;/i&gt; Infection in Rabbits of Korea by Serological Tests and Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction

Shin, Hyun Guk; Lee, Sang Eun; Hong, Sung Hee; Kim, Se Mi; Choi, Young Ki; Park, Hyung Jin; Seo, Kyoung Won; Song, Kun

doi:10.1292/jvms.13-0360

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These results indicate that there may be a potential association between the breed of rabbits and the seropositivity against T. gondii and E. cuniculi . Most epidemiological surveys indicated no association between T. gondii and E. cuniculi infection and gender of the animals [ 13 , 18 , 19 ]. In our study, the gender of rabbits was not a significant risk factor for the presence of infection with T. gondii , which was in agreement with many previous studies [ 5 , 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most epidemiological surveys indicated no association between T. gondii and E. cuniculi infection and gender of the animals [ 13 , 18 , 19 ]. In our study, the gender of rabbits was not a significant risk factor for the presence of infection with T. gondii , which was in agreement with many previous studies [ 5 , 18 ]. However, female rabbits exhibited remarkably higher seroprevalence for E. cuniculi in comparison to male animals of our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Encephalitozoon cuniculi among domestic rabbits in central China

Wang

Yao

Li³

et al. 2018

Parasite

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Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) are frequently reared for meat production in China. The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Encephalitozoon cuniculi, and risk factors of infection in domestic rabbits raised in Henan province, central China. 1,213 serum samples of domestic rabbits were collected and tested for anti-T. gondii and anti-E. cuniculi antibodies using a modified agglutination test (MAT) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The serum positive rates of T. gondii and E. cuniculi were 128/1,213 (10.55%) and 235/1,213 (19.37%), respectively. Co-infection of T. gondii and E. cuniculi was demonstrated in 84 specimens; 44 rabbits were seropositive for T. gondii alone, while 151 rabbits were seropositive for E. cuniculi alone. The main risk factors simultaneously associated with T. gondii and E. cuniculi infection were the age of the rabbit, the type of food, and the rabbit rearing system. Serum positive rates of T. gondii and E. cuniculi among domestic rabbits were high, indicating the possibility of public health issues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Encephalitozoon cuniculi among domestic rabbits in central China

Wang

Yao

Li³

et al. 2018

Parasite

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“…In Korea, a similar type of rabbits was surveyed from breeding farms, and 10.6% of them showed T. gondii -specific IgG antibodies [35]. In Egypt, high seroprevalences of T. gondii were also detected, 37.5% and 11.34%, in locally bred and commercial rabbits [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter study reported fatal toxoplasmosis in three domestic rabbits in the U.S.A. Also, the prevalence of T. gondii in rabbits and its biological circumstances have been emphasized by many epidemiological studies, such as in Spain [1], Egypt [3], Mexico [2], Korea [35] and China [42]. …”

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confidence: 99%

Seroprevalences of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> and <i>Neospora caninum</i> in Pet Rabbits in Japan

Salman

Oohashi²,

Mohamed

et al. 2014

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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The potential contamination of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum oocysts in the human environment is a concern from the public health viewpoint. However, estimation of their seroprevalences in humans cannot be performed in a manner that distinguishes between oocysts and tissue cysts as a source of infection. Rabbits are considered popular pet animals in Japan that can acquire natural infections by the aforementioned parasites only through the ingestion of oocysts. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalences of T. gondii and N. caninum in pet rabbits in Japan as an indicator of the possible oocyst contamination in the environment surrounding human beings. Serum samples of 337 rabbits were examined by different serological methods. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed to measure the titer of IgG and IgM antibodies. Samples revealed to be seropositive by ELISA were further analyzed by a latex agglutination test, Western blotting and an indirect immunofluorescence assay. The rates of seropositivity for T. gondii were 0.89% (3/337) and 0.29% (1/337) in IgG and IgM ELISA, respectively. SAG1 and SAG2 were detected as major antigens by the positive rabbit sera in Western blotting associated with strong staining observed by IFA in T. gondii tachyzoites. Regarding N. caninum, none of the serum samples showed a specific reaction in both Western blotting and the IFA. The results of this study indicate low seroprevalences of toxoplasmosis and neosporosis in pet rabbits in Japan, suggesting low oocyst contamination in the human environment.

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“…The phylogenetic analysis of 5 B1 gene-positive samples from stray cats showed the highest homology with B1 genes in Indians, American mussels, Thai black rats, and Korean rabbit toxoplasma [34,35]. These strains were all in the same phylogenetic group as the highly pathogenic Type I and moderately pathogenic Type III strain (Type I/III group).…”

Section: B Amentioning

confidence: 94%

Seroprevalence and B1 gene Phylogeny of Toxoplasma gondii of Dogs and Cats in Republic of Korea

et al. 2020

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The outbreak of human toxoplasmosis can be attributed to ingestion of food contaminated with Toxoplasma gondii. Toxoplasmosis recently increased in domestic and stray dogs and cats. It prompted studies on the zoonotic infectious diseases transmitted via these animals. Sero- and antigen prevalences of T. gondii in dogs and cats were surveyed using ELISA and PCR, and B1 gene phylogeny was analyzed in this study. Toxoplasmosis antibodies were measured on sera of 403 stray cats, 947 stray dogs, 909 domestic cats, and 2,412 domestic dogs collected at nationwide regions, Korea from 2017 to 2019. In addition, whole blood, feces, and tissue samples were also collected from stray cats (1,392), stray dogs (686), domestic cats (3,040), and domestic dogs (1,974), and T. gondii-specific B1 gene PCR was performed. Antibody prevalence of stray cats, stray dogs, domestic cats, and domestic dogs were 14.1%, 5.6%, 2.3%, and 0.04%, respectively. Antigen prevalence of these animals was 0.5%, 0.2%, 0.1%, and 0.4%, respectively. Stray cats revealed the highest infection rate of toxoplasmosis, followed by stray dogs, domestic cats, and domestic dogs. B1 gene positives were 5 of stray cats, and identified to high/moderate pathogenic Type I/III group. These findings enforce that preventive hygienic measure should be strengthened at One Health level in dogs and cats, domestic and stray, to minimize human toxoplasmosis infections.

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Prevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Infection in Rabbits of Korea by Serological Tests and Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Encephalitozoon cuniculi among domestic rabbits in central China

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Encephalitozoon cuniculi among domestic rabbits in central China

Seroprevalences of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> and <i>Neospora caninum</i> in Pet Rabbits in Japan

Seroprevalence and B1 gene Phylogeny of Toxoplasma gondii of Dogs and Cats in Republic of Korea

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