Prevalence of Malnutrition and Associated Factors among Children in Rural Ethiopia

Endris, Neima; Asefa, Henok; Dube, Lamessa

doi:10.1155/2017/6587853

Cited by 140 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The household wealth of the family of the subject children was associated with stunted growth in this study. This finding is in line with other findings from analysis of the Mini Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data [15], a cross sectional study conducted on prevalence and determinants malnutrition in Bangladesh [13], and another study from Sindh, Pakistan [14]. The primary influence of household wealth is on child feeding practices related to an inadequate amount of food and the nutritional content of meals, which affect the nutritional status of children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…This may also indicate educated fathers have a higher awareness and are more conscience of the nutritional needs of children. Other studies in other locations [11,15] found that the educational status of the mother was associated with stunting. This was not the case in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Although stunting often begins in utero, several research studies have identified socio-demographic, socioeconomic [11][12][13][14][15][16], environmental [17,18], dietary [12,18,19], parasitic infection and other related illness [11,20], and psychological [19] correlations with stunting. One of the psychological factors that might be associated with children stunting is unintended pregnancy, either unwanted (the parent did not desire any or any more children) or mistimed (the pregnancy occurred earlier than desired) [16,21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of undernutrition among children under-five years old in southern Ethiopia: does pregnancy intention matter? A community-based unmatched case-control study

et al. 2020

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Background: Stunting, which describes a small height for one's age, is an indicator of chronic malnutrition. It develops mainly as a result of prolonged food deprivation or a chronic disease or illness. Unintended pregnancies and unplanned births are among the psychological factors that negatively affect the nutritional status of children. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of unintended pregnancies and other family and child characteristics on the nutritional status of children under 5 years old. Methods: A community-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among 302 children (151 cases and 151 controls) 6-59 months old in Wonago town, Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. The cases were stunted children and the controls were non-stunted children in the study area. The cases were randomly selected from among the stunted children, and the controls were randomly selected from among the non-stunted children. The descriptive characteristics of the respondents were compared using the chi-squared test, and a multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the effects of an unintended pregnancy on stunting, after controlling for the other variables, with a p value of 0.05. Results: The result revealed that unintended pregnancy is found to be among predictors of stunting where children from unintended pregnancy were about three times more likely to be stunted [AOR: 2.62, CI: (1.26, 5.45)]. The other predictors identified in this study were educational status of the father, wealth index of the household and daily meal frequency. From the finding, children from illiterate fathers [AOR: 3.43, CI: (1.04, 11.29)], children from poorer household economic status [AOR: 2.32, CI: (1.20, 4.49)] and children whom their daily meal frequency is below the recommended number of feeding [AOR: 4.50, CI: (1.31, 15.49)] were found to be more stunted. (Continued on next page)Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, the children born from unintended pregnancies exhibited a significantly higher risk of stunting. Therefore, preventing unintended pregnancy could play a great role in decreasing the risk of stunting in children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of undernutrition among children under-five years old in southern Ethiopia: does pregnancy intention matter? A community-based unmatched case-control study

et al. 2020

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“…One community-based study conducted in Bangladesh reported that 48% of rural and 58% of urban area children have undernutrition (Khan & Raza, 2014). This prevalence of CIAF was higher in many developing countries including India (Boregowda, Soni, Jain, & Agrawal, 2015;Dasgupta et al, 2015), Ethiopia (Endris, Asefa, & Dube, 2017), and Nepal (Goswami, 2016) and lower in Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Bolivia, and Peru (Nandy & Miranda, 2008) than the estimate of current study. This study revealed that the undernutrition status was higher among the children when they live in rural settings, if they are in the poorest socio-economic position, if they did not receive any vaccinations, and if they are the firstborn.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

Prevalence and correlates of the composite index of anthropometric failure among children under 5 years old in Bangladesh

Islam

Biswas

2019

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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The prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight are reported separately. However, the data of the multiple anthropometric failures combinations of these conventional indicators are scant. This study attempted to estimate the overall burden of undernutrition among children under 5 years old, using the composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF), and to explore the correlates. The study used secondary data from the Bangladesh demographic and health surveys (BDHS), undertaken in 2014. CIAF provides an overall prevalence of undernutrition, which gives six mutually exclusive anthropometric measurements of height‐for‐ age, height‐for‐weight, and weight‐for‐age. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the correlates of CIAF. The overall prevalence of undernutrition using the CIAF was 48.3% (95% CI [47.1%, 49.5%]) among the children under 5 years old. The prevalence of anthropometric failure due to a combination of both stunting and underweight was 18.2%, wasting and underweight was 5.5%, and wasting, underweight, and stunting was 5.7%. The odds of CIAF were higher among young maternal age, having the poorest socio‐economic status, living in rural areas, higher order of birth, and received no vaccination compared with other counterparts. In Bangladesh, one out of two children has undernutrition, which is preventing the potential of the millions of children. Mothers who gave birth before age 20 living in the rural areas with belonging to lower socio‐economic status and whose children had a higher order of birth and receive no vaccination were observed as the main determinants of undernutrition. Nutrition sensitive interventions along with social protection programmes are crucial to deal the underlying causes of undernutrition.

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“…The selection of explanatory variables are theoretically driven that draw support from prior research with regard to factors affecting children's nutritional status. Previous studies are referenced in creating categories for naturally continuous and discrete variables [22][23][24][25][26] ( Table 2).…”

Section: Explanatory Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of under-nutrition among children under five years of age in Ethiopia

Kassie

Workie

2020

BMC Public Health

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Background: Ethiopia is one of the developing countries where child under-nutrition is prevalent. Prior studies employed three anthropometric indicators for identifying factors of children's under-nutrition. This study aimed at identifying the factors of child under-nutrition using a single composite index of anthropometric indicators. Methods: Data from Ethiopia's Demographic and Health Survey 2016 was the base for studying under-nutrition in a sample of 9494 children below 59 months. A single composite index of under-nutrition was created from three anthropometric indices through principal component analysis recoded into an ordinal outcome. In line with World Health Organization 2006 Child Growth Standards, the three anthropometric indices involve z-score of height-forage (stunting), weight-for-height (wasting) and weight-for-age (underweight). Partial proportional odds model was fitted and its relative performance compared with some other ordinal regression models to identify significant determinants of under-nutrition. Results: The single composite index of anthropometric indicators showed that 49.0% (19.8% moderately and 29.2% severely) of sampled children were undernourished. In the Brant-test of proportional odds model, the null hypothesis that the model parameters equal across categories was rejected. Compared to ordinal regression models, partial proportional odds model showed an improved fit. A child with mother's body mass index less than 18.5 kg, from poorest family and a husband without education, and male to be in a severe under-nutrition status was 1.4, 1.8 1.2 and 1.2 times more likely to be in worse under-nutrition status compared to its reference group respectively. Conclusion: Authors conclude that the fitted partial proportional odds model indicated that age and sex of the child, maternal education, region, source of drinking water, number of under five children, mother's body mass index and wealth index, anemic status of child, multiple births, fever of child before 2 months of the survey, mother's age at first birth, and husband's education were significantly associated with child under-nutrition. Thus, it is argued that interventions focus on improving household wealth index, food security, educating mothers and their spouses, improving maternal nutritional status, and increasing mothers' health care access.

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Prevalence of Malnutrition and Associated Factors among Children in Rural Ethiopia

Cited by 140 publications

References 11 publications

Determinants of undernutrition among children under-five years old in southern Ethiopia: does pregnancy intention matter? A community-based unmatched case-control study

Determinants of undernutrition among children under-five years old in southern Ethiopia: does pregnancy intention matter? A community-based unmatched case-control study

Prevalence and correlates of the composite index of anthropometric failure among children under 5 years old in Bangladesh

Determinants of under-nutrition among children under five years of age in Ethiopia

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