Prevalence of Methicillin‐Resistant and Methicillin‐SusceptibleStaphylococcus aureusin the Community

Abstract

Recent reports indicate that community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are increasing and may now involve persons without risk factors predisposing for acquisition. To estimate the extent of community MRSA in New York City, the prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA nasal colonization in a well-patient population of 500 children and guardians was determined. The prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage was 35% for children and 28% for guardians. One person with predisposing risk factors was colonized with an MRSA, which was identified as the predominant clone found in New York City hospitals. A high degree of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus strain diversity was noted, with no apparent selection for specific clonal types. Thus, MRSA colonization is not ubiquitous in persons without predisposing risk outside of the health care environment. Bacterial competition and a lack of strong selection may limit the community spread of MRSA and can account for its sporadic distribution.

The prevalence and source of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the community in Hong Kong

“…9%. These levels of carriage are similar to those reported in community studies elsewhere [12][13][14][15]. The chosen sample site of the anterior nares has been demonstrated to have the highest sensitivity to detect carriage in the absence of infected wounds [20].…”

“…5%) [12]. This frequency was similar to that obtained from studies performed in the United States, Portugal and Italy, all of which reported carriage rates of less than 1 % [13][14][15]. Although the importance of the community as a source of MRSA infections has not been determined, this change in pattern of occurrence may require modifications in hospital infection control programmes.…”

Prevalence ofStaphylococcus aureuscarriage among dogs and their owners

“…Previously MRSA was largely confined to health-care settings and its acquisition associated with established risk factors [4]. More recently, it has spread into the community (community-associated MRSA, CA-MRSA), and been implicated in reports of severe infections in otherwise healthy persons [5][6][7]. Exposure to health care, including surgery, immunosuppression, antibiotic use, and long-term hospitalization, and healthcare workers (HCWs) is recognized as a risk factor for hospital-associated MRSA colonization [6,8,9], but further work is required to identify reservoirs for CA-MRSA in the community, and their importance as a source of strains imported into the hospital.…”

Estafilococo Meticilino resistente, un problema actual en la emergencia de resistencia entre los Gram positivos.

“…Existe otro grupo de sujetos que no tiene el dato de haber estado internado previamente, pero tiene el antecedente de haber visitado en un hospital a un paciente infectado por MRSA, o de haber recibido a un familiar portador de MRSA en casa, luego de su alta hospitalaria (31). Aquí se debe considerar persona de riesgo al familiar de un personal de salud.…”

“…Un estudio hecho en la comunidad en la que evaluó 500 sujetos de la comunidad con hisopado nasal y se asiló 162 cepas portadores nasales de Estafilococo, encontrándose solo 1 cepa de MRSA, y este fue un sujeto con antecedente de haberse internado previamente en un hospital (31).…”