Prevalence of Mycobacterium bovis skin positivity and associated risk factors in cattle from Western Uganda

Kazoora, Herbert; Majalija, Samuel; Kiwanuka, Noah; Kaneene, John B.

doi:10.1007/s11250-014-0650-1

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Evidence from Spain found farms with high density of streams had a lower risk of TB, thought to arise because dispersed water resources reduced aggregation of cattle and wildlife [115]. The presence of water sources (ponds and creeks) with uncontrolled access has been associated with an increased risk of bTB in Michigan, USA [207] and in Western Uganda [216].…”

Section: Water Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of risk factors for bovine tuberculosis infection in cattle in the UK and Ireland

et al. 2016

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Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is an important disease of cattle caused by infection with Mycobacterium bovis, a pathogen that may be extremely difficult to eradicate in the presence of a true wildlife reservoir. Our objective was to identify and review relevant literature and provide a succinct summary of current knowledge of risk factors for transmission of infection of cattle. Search strings were developed to identify publications from electronic databases to February 2015. Abstracts of 4255 papers identified were reviewed by three reviewers to determine whether the entire article was likely to contain relevant information. Risk factors could be broadly grouped as follows: animal (including nutrition and genetics), herd (including bTB and testing history), environment, wildlife and social factors. Many risk factors are inter-related and study designs often do not enable differentiation between cause and consequence of infection. Despite differences in study design and location, some risk factors are consistently identified, e.g. herd size, bTB history, presence of infected wildlife, whereas the evidence for others is less consistent and coherent, e.g. nutrition, local cattle movements. We have identified knowledge gaps where further research may result in an improved understanding of bTB transmission dynamics. The application of targeted, multifactorial disease control regimens that address a range of risk factors simultaneously is likely to be a key to effective, evidence-informed control strategies.

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Section: Water Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of risk factors for bovine tuberculosis infection in cattle in the UK and Ireland

et al. 2016

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“…The frequent contact between livestock (camels) and humans and communal watering of livestock also facilitates spread of zoonotic organisms/diseases with a potentially high risk to public health among livestock and humans (Younan and Abdurahman 2004;Oliver et al 2009;Kazoora et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camel health management and pastoralists’ knowledge and information on zoonoses and food safety risks in Isiolo County, Kenya

et al. 2017

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Camel health management has implications for public health and camel product trade. After liberalization of the veterinary service, current camel health management in the arid and semi-arid lands (ASALS) of Kenya and its implications for public health is not known. This study investigated camel health management and its implications on zoonoses and food safety in Isiolo County, Kenya. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 150 households, 15 agro-veterinary shops, 15 community-based animal health workers (CBAHWs) and 10 veterinary officers to collect information on camel health management. The main occupation and source of household income for the pastoral communities is camel-keeping (45.3%). Pastoralists self-medicate camels and other livestock (45.8%), which can lead to between over-dosing, under-dosing or wrong drug use. The CBAHWs, traditional animal health service providers (TAHSPs), government veterinary officers and private veterinary officers play a minimum role. Private veterinary services have not taken root in the ASALs. The sources of knowledge and information on the veterinary drug to use are experience (57.4%), non-governmental organizations (NGO) (41.1%) or CBAHWs (32.1%). The majority of pastoralists (72.5%) do not keep camel or other livestock treatment records. The constraints in purchasing veterinary drugs are expensive drugs, accessibility to drugs and availability of money. Pastoralists refer to veterinary drugs by their brand names but not by active ingredients. As reported by pastoralists, focus group discussion and key informant interviews, antibiotics used were adamycine (33.3%), ampicilline (26.7%), penicillin (14.4%), tetracycline (12.2%), amoxylin (11.1%) and penstrip (2.2%). The common camel diseases were trypanosomiasis, brucellosis, mastitis, diarrhoea, worm infestation, camel pox and tuberculosis. The public health risk factors were the presence of veterinary drug residues in camel products and development of resistant zoonotic organisms/diseases. It was concluded that current camel health management has serious implications for public health and food safety, and hence the camel product trade.

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“…It is also important to adopt measures directed at controlling the disease in infected herds, where movements should be restricted. In addition, the need for risk-based surveillance should consider herds with a previous history of the disease, which is pointed out in several studies as an important risk factor for the occurrence of TB ( 13 , 14 ). Our results indicate that the risk of introduction of infected animal into free herds of Southern Bahia is very low, despite the wide range of values used in the model to represent the uncertainty about sensitivity of the CCT ( 5 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of Introduction of Bovine Tuberculosis (TB) Into TB-Free Herds in Southern Bahia, Brazil, Associated With Movement of Live Cattle

Avila¹,

Gonçalves

Pérez

2018

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is a zoonotic disease, endemic in Brazil, with an impact on public health and trade. TB causes direct and indirect financial losses to infected farms and regions. Our study aimed at quantifying the risk of introduction of TB into TB-free herds of southern Bahia, Brazil, via movement of live cattle from other regions of the State. Results suggest that the annual risk of introducing TB into free farms of southern Bahia, either through legal or illegal trade of live cattle, is very low, varying, on average, between 0.001 and 0.006 depending on the region of origin of the animals. Noteworthy, illegal movements accounted for 90% of the risk demonstrating the importance of compliance with official regulations. These results are useful to inform both veterinary authorities and farmers in making decisions related to the regionalization of the control for TB in the country, with the ultimate goal of eliminating this major zoonotic disease from an important dairy region of Brazil.

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Prevalence of Mycobacterium bovis skin positivity and associated risk factors in cattle from Western Uganda

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

A review of risk factors for bovine tuberculosis infection in cattle in the UK and Ireland

A review of risk factors for bovine tuberculosis infection in cattle in the UK and Ireland

Camel health management and pastoralists’ knowledge and information on zoonoses and food safety risks in Isiolo County, Kenya

Risk of Introduction of Bovine Tuberculosis (TB) Into TB-Free Herds in Southern Bahia, Brazil, Associated With Movement of Live Cattle

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