Prevalence of myopia‐related retinal changes among 12–18 year old <scp>H</scp>ong <scp>K</scp>ong <scp>C</scp>hinese high myopes

Cheng, Sam C K; Lam, Carly Siu Yin; Yap, Maurice

doi:10.1111/opo.12082

Cited by 48 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The most common pathologies included optic nerve crescent (52.5%), white-without-pressure (51.7%), lattice degeneration (5.8%), microcystoid degeneration (5%), and pigmentary degeneration (4.2%). 63 High myopia was also suggested to be associated with bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, a condition of very severe visual morbidity. 3 Highly myopic eyes with increased axial length were found to be more predisposed to nuclear cataract.…”

Section: Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of myopia

Foster

Jiang²

2014

Eye

337

270

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Myopia is one of the most prevalent disorders of the eye. Higher myopia is associated with comorbidities that increase risks of severe and irreversible loss of vision, such as retinal detachment, subretinal neovascularization, dense cataract, and glaucoma. In recent years, reports from population-based prevalence studies carried out in various geographical areas now give a clear picture of the current distribution of refractive error. The scarcity of data from well-designed longitudinal cohort studies is still yet to be addressed. These studies have confirmed the previous data indicating that prevalence of refractive error varies according to ethnicity and geographic regions, and also point to an increase in myopia prevalence over the past half-century. The problem is particularly pronounced in affluent, industrialised areas of East Asia. Environmental risk factors for myopia related to socioeconomic status and lifestyle have been identified. The past decade has seen a greater understanding of the molecular biological mechanisms that determine refractive error, giving further support to the belief that myopia is the result of a complex interaction between genetic predisposition and environmental exposures. This review summarizes data on the prevalence, incidence, progression, associations, risk factors, and impact from recent epidemiological studies on myopia.

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Section: Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of myopia

Foster

Jiang²

2014

Eye

337

270

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“…This growth greatly increases the risk of a number of potentially sight-threatening ocular complications, such as cataract, glaucoma, staphyloma and retinal complications [8, 9]. With myopia becoming an increasing public health problem, the challenge of how to control the development of myopia has become an important area of research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors related to axial length elongation and myopia progression in orthokeratology practice

Wang

Naidu

2017

PLoS ONE

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PurposeTo investigate which baseline factors are predictive for axial length growth over an average period of 2.5 years in a group of children wearing orthokeratology (OK) contact lenses.MethodsIn this retrospective study, the clinical records of 249 new OK wearers between January 2012 and December 2013 from the contact lens clinic at the Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University were reviewed. The primary outcome measure was axial length change from baseline to the time of review (July-August 2015). Independent variables included baseline measures of age at initiation of OK wear, gender, refractive error (spherical equivalent), astigmatism, average keratometry, corneal toricity, central corneal thickness, white-to-white corneal diameter, pupil size, corneal topography eccentricity value (e-value), intraocular pressure (IOP) and total time in follow-up (months total). The contributions of all independent variables on axial length change at the time of review were assessed using univariate and multivariable regression analyses.ResultsUnivariate analyses of the right eyes of 249 OK patients showed that smaller increases in axial length were associated with older age at the onset of OK lens wear, greater baseline spherical equivalent myopic refractive error, less time in follow-up and a smaller e-value. Multivariable analyses of the significant right eye variables showed that the factors associated with smaller axial length growth were older age at the onset of OK lens wear (p<0.0001), greater baseline spherical equivalent myopic refractive error (p = 0.0046) and less time in follow-up (p<0.0001).ConclusionsThe baseline factors demonstrating the greatest correlation with reduced axial length elongation during OK lens wear in myopic children included greater baseline spherical equivalent myopic refractive error and older age at the onset of OK lens wear.

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“…Further, the review demonstrated that risk was not confined to myopia as hyperopia is associated with higher rates of exudative age-related maculopathy and angle closure glaucoma 1. Longitudinal axial length (AL) is the principal structural correlate for refractive error,3 4 and a recent cross-sectional study on 120 Hong Kong children used binary logistic regressions to demonstrate that after adjusting for myopia over −8D, age, gender, duration of myopia, family retinal history and intraocular pressure, an AL longer than 26.5 mm was a significant risk factor for peripheral retinal changes, optic nerve crescents and white-without-pressure 5…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%