Prevalence of nasal colonization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among schoolchildren of Barabanki district, Uttar Pradesh, India

Singh, Amit Kumar; Agarwal, Loveleena; Kumar, Amresh; Sengupta, Chandrim; Singh, Ravinder Pal

doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_345_16

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Our nding was also similar to those reported from other countries [18][19][20] . However, the nasal carriage rate of S. aureus in this study tends to be lower than that reported in Nigeria (56.3%), India (46.67%), United State of America (39.6%; age group 1-19 years old), Netherland (36%; age group 1-19 years, and Nepal (31%; age group less than 15 years old) [21][22][23][24][25] . On the other hand, the prevalence of S. aureus among school children in our study was higher than that reported in China (5.1%), Serbia (2.59%), and Iraq (17.75%) [26][27][28] .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Nasal Carriage and Methicillin Resistance of Staphylococcus Aureus Among Schoolchildren in Sana’a City, Yemen

Othman

Al-Huraibi

Assayaghi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a frequent cause of serious health problems with high morbidity and mortality. The risk of S. aureus infections is increased with the emergence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The aim of this study is to determine the nasal carriage rate of both S. aureus and MRSA among schoolchildren in Sana’a city.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2018 to May 2020. Five hundred and eighty eight students were enrolled. Nasal swabs were collected from each student for culturing and methicillin susceptibility testing. Results: Out 588 nasal swab, 536 yielded bacterial growth. Students with positive culture were 271(51%) males and 265(49%) females. Their age ranged from 5 to 19 years old with mean age and standard deviation equaled to 13.3±3.5 years. S. aureus was isolated from 129 (24%) students whereas the overall prevalence of MRSA was 8(1.5%). S. aureus was significantly recovered from students at age group 10-14 years (χ2 = 7.02, p = 0.03), females than males (OR= 1.96, χ2 = 10.75, p = 0.001), and students who were admitted into hospitals (OR= 1.6, χ2 = 4.89, p = 0.03). Nevertheless, there were no significant differences between MRSA carriage and students’ age (χ2 = 2.3, p = 0.32), gender (OR= 1.02, χ2 = 0.001, p = 0.63), and hospital admission (OR= 1.4, χ2 = 0.25, p = 0.62). Conclusions: The prevalence of MRSA is low among schoolchildren in Sana’a city. Age, gender and previous hospital admission were statistically associated with nasal carriage of S. aureus but not MRSA nasal carriage.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Nasal Carriage and Methicillin Resistance of Staphylococcus Aureus Among Schoolchildren in Sana’a City, Yemen

Othman

Al-Huraibi

Assayaghi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Rates of nasal carriage of MRSA have been studied by various investigators in India, and they range from 7.7% in school children, 3%–10% in predominantly outpatient population to 7.5%–25% in health care workers, highlighting the potential role of health care workers in the transmission 26–29. However, the present study lacks MRSA carrier status estimation, molecular characterization, and panton-valentine leukocidin toxin carriage status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Is methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus Aureus</em> infection associated with higher mortality and morbidity in hospitalized patients? A cohort study of 551 patients from South Western India

Chatterjee¹,

Rai²,

Guddattu³

et al. 2018

RMHP

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PurposeTo determine morbidity and mortality of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) infections in a tertiary health care facility.MethodsA cohort study among hospitalized adult patients with culture proven MRSA or MSSA monoinfection were recruited in a tertiary referral center in South India from November 2011 to December 2012.ResultsOf total 551 subjects, 284 (52%) had MRSA and 267 (48%) MSSA infection. A total of 184 (65%) subjects had health care-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) and 100 (35%) community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA). Chronic kidney disease and recent antibiotic use had significant association with MRSA. MRSA patients had significant respiratory infection (OR 2.24 [1.04, 5.16]) and bacteremia (OR 2.24 [10.40, 5.16]), relative to MSSA. MSSA group had better survival function compared to MRSA group (P=0.028). Median duration of ICU stays were 5 days (IQR 4, 8) and 2 days (IQR 2, 2) in MRSA and MSSA, respectively. Complications such as acute kidney injury, sepsis, multiorgan dysfunction, need for supportive measures were more in the MRSA group.ConclusionMRSA imposes a huge burden in Indian scenario and HA-MRSA remains the main culprit. Patients with history of chronic kidney disease and recent use of antibiotics were found to be at a higher risk. Patients with MRSA infections tend to have poorer outcomes in terms of longer hospital stay, greater complications, and mortality.

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“…All of the 40 studies were considered for qualitative as well as the quantitative synthesis of etiological agents. Ultimately, only 34 of 40 studies were included in the MRSA meta-analysis, 8,9,15 -46 as the remaining 6 studies did not include data relevant to MRSA (4 efficacy studies, 1 study that described heteroresistance to vancomycin among methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates, and 1 survey wherein no exact data on prevalence were presented). 47 -52 Table 1 represents the characteristics of the studies included in the analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,[11][12][13] Furthermore, few studies from the country suggest an impact of age and gender on MRSA carriage. 14,15 It is imperative to understand the prevalence of risk factors, such as age and gender, on MRSA colonization at the country level to facilitate the implementation of appropriate infection control measures. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the prevalence, burden and epidemiology of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systemic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis Reporting the Prevalence and Impact of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection in India

2020

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Aim and objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the prevalence, burden and epidemiology of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). This systemic review was also aimed to highlight the challenges in the diagnosis and management of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in India (for all age groups). We also examined the published literature on the available treatment options and the role of prevention in the management of MRSA in India. By summarizing the currently available data, our objectives were to highlight the need for the prevention of MRSA infections and also emphasize the role of vaccination in the prevention of MRSA infections in India. Methodology: Electronic databases such as PubMed and databases of the National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources and Indian Council of Medical Research Embase were searched for relevant literature published from 2005/01/01 to 2020/05/13 in English language, according to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A manual search was also conducted using the key term “MRSA ‘or’ Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ‘and’ India.” An independent reviewer extracted data from the studies using a structured Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, and a meta-analysis of proportion for MRSA prevalence with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for all included individual studies were performed. Result: A total of 34 studies involving 16 237 patients were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled proportion of patients with MRSA infection was 26.8% (95% CI: 23.2%-30.7%). The MRSA infection was more prevalent among male patients (60.4%; 95% CI: 53.9%-66.5%) as compared to female patients (39.6%; 95% CI: 33.5%-46.1%), while the prevalence of MRSA was higher among adults (18 years and above; 32%; 95% CI: 5%-80%) in comparison to pediatric patients (0-18 years; 68%; 95% CI: 20%-94.8%). The degree of heterogeneity was found to be significant. Conclusion: The prevalence of MRSA in India was relatively high at 27% with a higher proportion observed among men aged >18 years. The high prevalence of MRSA infections in India necessitates the implementation of surveillance and preventive measures to combat the spread of MRSA in both hospital and community settings.

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Prevalence of nasal colonization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among schoolchildren of Barabanki district, Uttar Pradesh, India

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Nasal Carriage and Methicillin Resistance of Staphylococcus Aureus Among Schoolchildren in Sana’a City, Yemen

Nasal Carriage and Methicillin Resistance of Staphylococcus Aureus Among Schoolchildren in Sana’a City, Yemen

Is methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus Aureus</em> infection associated with higher mortality and morbidity in hospitalized patients? A cohort study of 551 patients from South Western India

A Systemic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis Reporting the Prevalence and Impact of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection in India

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