Prevalence of Neck, Shoulder, and Lower Back Pain and the Associated Factors Among Jazan Residents, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is a frequent and prevalent condition. This study aims to determine the prevalence of neck, shoulder, and low-back pain among Jazan residents and investigate the associated factors for MSP. Method: A cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire-based study was conducted among Jazan residents in the Jazan region. A total of 1,238 persons were selected by convenient type sampling. Descriptive statistics, a Chi-squared test, and logistic regression were performed to examine MSP’s prevalence, association, and predictors. Results: The overall lifetime prevalence of neck, shoulder, or low-back pain among both genders was 958 (77.4%). Neck pain was reported by 574 (46.4%) in the 12 months prior to the study and by 841 (67.9%) over the lifetime prior to the survey. Regarding shoulder pain, it was reported by 637 (51.5%) in the 12 months prior to the study and 799 (64.5%) over the lifetime prior to the study. Regarding low-back pain, it was reported by 684 (55.3%) in the 12 months prior to the study and 981 (79.2%) over the lifetime prior tothe study. Female gender has reported a higher prevalence of pain than males. Factors associated with the risk of MSP include consumption of coffee (p-value 0.022), duration of time spent on electronic devices with neck pain (p-value 0.039) and depression on low-back pain (p-value 0.031). Sports activity, was shown to have a protective effect. Conclusion: The prevalence of NSLBP pains was high, as nearly half of the participants experienced each. In this study, the most prominent risk factors for NSLBP are coffee consumption, Psychosomatic symptoms, and various physical activities like swimming. Keywords: Prevalence, musculoskeletal pain, low-back pain, neck pain, shoulder pain