“…This is primary since infectious and non-communicable diseases are among the most significant threats to human development in developing countries (Thomas, Sage, Dillenberg, & Guillory, 2002). Various communicable diseases (CD) have over the years ravaged public health in the developing world (Neuberger, et al, 2012;WHO, 2014;Crompton, Malcolm, Cadet, Kelly, & Degennaro, 2016;Nabil, 2018;Clive, Lacreisha, & Nadine, 2019). From social and economic perspectives, CDs have for decades hampered sustainable development goals (SDGs) especially SDG 3 progress on universal access to quality primary healthcare in Africa (UN, 2015).…”