Prevalence of occult HBV infection in haemodialysis patients with chronic HCV

Göral, Vedat; Özkul, Hamza; Tekeş, Selahattin; Şit, Dede; Kadiroglu, Ali Kemal

doi:10.3748/wjg.v12.i21.3420

Cited by 54 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Occult HBV infection in up to 52% of patients with chronic HCV infection has been reported (21,85,96,116,157). Several studies have shown that HBV and HCV coinfection results in lower levels of HBV replication (54,59,83) and decreased expression of HBsAg in the liver (54).…”

Section: Coinfection With Other Microbesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection

2012

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SUMMARY Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a complex clinical entity frequently associated with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The persistence of HBV genomes in the absence of detectable surface antigenemia is termed occult HBV infection. Mutations in the surface gene rendering HBsAg undetectable by commercial assays and inhibition of HBV by suppression of viral replication and viral proteins represent two fundamentally different mechanisms that lead to occult HBV infections. The molecular mechanisms underlying occult HBV infections, including recently identified mechanisms associated with the suppression of HBV replication and inhibition of HBV proteins, are reviewed in detail. The availability of highly sensitive molecular methods has led to increased detection of occult HBV infections in various clinical settings. The clinical relevance of occult HBV infection and the utility of appropriate diagnostic methods to detect occult HBV infection are discussed. The need for specific guidelines on the diagnosis and management of occult HBV infection is being increasingly recognized; the aspects of mechanistic studies that warrant further investigation are discussed in the final section.

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Section: Coinfection With Other Microbesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection

2012

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“…3) Potential aggravation of fibrotic lesions is in case of HCV (hepatitis C viral) infection or associated cryptogenetic hepatic disease [7]; 4) And finally, the real link is between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and occult hepatitis B [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Should Not Be the Only Sought Marker to Distinguish Blood Donors towards Hepatitis B Virus Infection in High Prevalence Area

Somda¹,

Sermé²,

Coulibaly³

et al. 2016

OJGas

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Since its discovery by Blumberg in 1965, the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is used as the fingerprint of hepatitis B infection. Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is defined by a viral replication (DNA detectable) in the absence of HBsAg. Burkina Faso is a high endemic area where the prevalence is higher than 14%. At the National Center for Blood Transfusion (NCBT) of Ouagadougou, HBsAg is the only sought marker used to distinguish donors towards Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). Acceptation of blood donation is based specifically on the absence of HBsAg, which exposes to the risk of HBV transmission during transfusion. The goal of this study is to evaluate this risk by determining the prevalence of OBI in blood donors. Patients and Methods: It was a five-month prospective study on blood donations collected from January to May 2016. The HBc antibody has been sought in the serums of negative HBsAg donors. The measure of B DNA by Real Time PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and that of antibodies anti-HBs have been proposed to anti-HBc positive donors. Abdominal ultrasound, the transaminases, prothrombin level, alphafeto-proteins, hepatic fibrosis have been proposed to donors who were detectable for the DNA. Sociodemographic parameters have been collected. The test costs were borne by donors who were recalled by phone to adhere to the study. Results: Among 1980 negative donors HBsAg, 872 (44%) were positive for anti-HBc. 160 on 872 donors were received for consultation, among which 76 (76/160) were able to realise DNA which was detectable in 25 donors on 76, thus a prevalence of 32.8%. The mean value of DNA was 953 IU/ml. Physical examination and hepatic ultrasounds were normal except a case where hepatic steatosis was found. The biologic standard hepatic results were in normal range. None of the patient was able to realise hepatic fibrosis evaluation. A case of co-infection HIV/OBI was noted. Conclusion: This study shows that in BurHow to cite this paper: Somda, K.S., Sermé, A.K., Coulibaly, A., Cissé, K., Sawadogo, A., Sombié, A.R. and Bougouma, A. 363kina, almost half of blood bags transfused are anti-HBc positive and around one third (32.8%) probably have HBV DNA. This poses a potential risk of contamination for non-immunized recipient. It is thus important that, in addition to HBsAg, AntiHBc should be systematically sought in order to minimize the risk.

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“…In other studies, occult HBV was not detected. 8,18 On the other hand, other studies have revealed a higher prevalence of occult HBV in hemodialysis patients. For example, a study by Siagris et al 10 reported that HBV DNA was detected by PCR in 10/49 (20.4%) hemodialysis patients and in 3/48 (6.3%) patients with normal renal function (P = 0.041).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In other patients, occult HBV may exist in the absence of all anti-HBV antibody markers. 5 Several studies have reported higher prevalence of occult HBV infection in patients with chronic HCV, hepatocellular carcinoma, cryptogenic liver disease, intravenous drug use, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and in hemophilic patients who have received several blood transfusions and in blood donors [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] when compared with the general population. In addition to the potential risk of nosocomial HBV transmission in hemodialysis units, occult HBV infection increases the risk of HBV transmission through blood transfusion and organ transplantation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%