Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Im, Yu Ri; Jagdish, Rukmini; Leith, Damien; Kim, Jin Un; Yoshida, Kyoko; Majid, Amir; Ge, Yueqi; Ndow, Gibril; Shimakawa, Yusuke; Lemoine, Maud

doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(22)00201-1

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…First, this is a retrospective study conducted in a transplant referral center, and some data were not completely collected, such as serum HBV DNA prior to transplantation, serum anti-HBc in donors, and the duration between resolving HBV infection and transplantation. However, the prevalence rate of occult HBV infection in patients with resolved HBV infection was low (29), and no HBV DNA was detected in our limited data. In addition, a Korean study reported that a positive anti-HBc in kidney donors was not related to HBV reactivation (14).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Risk Stratification for Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Kidney Transplant Recipients With Resolved HBV Infection

Tsai

Chen³

et al. 2023

Transpl Int

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The prophylaxis strategy for hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with resolved HBV infection remains unclear. In this hospital-based retrospective cohort study, consecutive KTRs with resolved HBV infection were screened from the years 2000 through 2020. After excluding confounding conditions, 212 and 45 patients were respectively recruited into Anti-HBs positive and Anti-HBs negative groups. Cumulative incidences of, and subdistribution hazard ratios (SHRs) for HBV reactivation were analyzed after adjusting the competing risk. During a median 8.3 (mean 8.4 ± 4.9) years of follow-up, the 10-year cumulative incidence of HBV reactivation was significantly higher in Anti-HBs negative group when compared to that in Anti-HBs positive group (15.2%, 95% CI: 3.6–26.7 vs. 1.3%, 95% CI: 0.0–3.0; p < 0.001). In multivariable regression analysis, absence of anti-HBs (SHR 14.2, 95% CI: 3.09–65.2; p < 0.001) and use of high-dose steroids, i.e., steroid dose ≥20 mg/day of prednisolone equivalent over 4 weeks (SHR 8.96, 95% CI: 1.05–76.2; p = 0.045) were independent risk factors related to HBV reactivation. Accordingly, the 10-year cumulative incidence of HBV reactivation occurring in patients with two, one and zero risk factors was 42.7% (95% CI: 0.0–87.1), 7.9% (95% CI: 1.2–14.7) and 0%, respectively (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the strategy of HBV antiviral prophylaxis may be defined according to the risk stratification.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Risk Stratification for Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Kidney Transplant Recipients With Resolved HBV Infection

Tsai

Chen³

et al. 2023

Transpl Int

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“…In fact, 73% of our samples tested positive for at least one HBV antibody (anti-HBs and anti-HBc), with 39% being positive for anti-HBc. In addition, a recent meta-analysis indicated that OBI prevalence in blood donors in highly endemic regions ranged between 0.44 and 1.72% [12]. However, it is important to point out that these data are largely derived from studies on Chinese populations, which may not be predictive of the OBI prevalence in Vietnam.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the molecular mechanisms underlying OBI are not well characterized. In the post-window period, while HBV-DNA can be detected in low concentration, HBsAg maybe undetectable due to the resolution of the acute or chronic infection [12]. Alternatively, low S-gene expression or the presence of immune escape S-gene mutations in the "a" determinant and the Major Hydrophilic Region (MHR) have been postulated to cause false-negative HBsAg results [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Risk of Occult Hepatitis B Infection among Vietnamese Blood Donors

et al. 2022

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Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is characterized by the presence of low levels of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and undetectable HBsAg in the blood. The prevalence of OBI in blood donors in Asia ranges from 0.013% (China) to 10.9% (Laos), with no data available from Vietnam so far. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of OBI among Vietnamese blood donors. A total of 623 (114 women and 509 men) HBsAg-negative blood donors were screened for anti-HBc and anti-HBs by ELISA assays. In addition, DNA from sera was isolated and nested PCR was performed for the HBV surface gene (S); a fragment of the S gene was then sequenced in positive samples. The results revealed that 39% (n = 242) of blood donors were positive for anti-HBc, and 70% (n = 434) were positive for anti-HBs, with 36% (n = 223) being positive for both anti-HBc and anti-HBs. In addition, 3% of blood donors (n = 19) were positive for anti-HBc only, and 34% (n = 211) had only anti-HBs as serological marker. A total of 27% (n = 170) were seronegative for any marker. Two of the blood donors (0.3%) were OBI-positive and sequencing revealed that HBV sequences belonged to HBV genotype B, which is the predominant genotype in Vietnam.

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“…Infection with the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a signi cant global health burden (Im et al, 2022;Okonko et al, 2023b). An estimated 296 million people had chronic HBV infection in 2019, and more than 820,000 people died due to HBV (WHO, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Just 105 per cent of those with chronic infections knew they were affected in 2019 (WHO, 2022). This indicates a critical need for more e cient methods to detect and treat those a icted (Im et al, 2022;Okonko et al, 2023b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Evidence of Hbc Igm Virus Among Febrile Patients in Rumueme, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Okonko

Chindah

2023

Preprint

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Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) testing is the only method currently used in laboratories to diagnose hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in febrile patients. The South-South area of Nigeria does not currently have data on the prevalence of anti-HBc-IgM. The main goal of this study was to identify the serological evdience of anti-HBc-IgM markers among febrile patients in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Following the manufacturer's standard operating procedures, 92 febrile patients were tested for HBc IgM antibody during cross-sectional research from November 2020 to October 2021. The prevalence of anti-HBc IgM antibodies (35.9%) and anti-HBc-IgM negatives was 64.1%. The prevalence of anti-HBc- IgM antibody was higher among older age groups (44.7%), females (53.3%), singles (42.9%), tertiary educational level (42.2%) and civil servants (47.4%). None of the variables evaluated was significantly associated with the prevalence of HBc IgM. This study shows that 35.9% febrile patients have anti-HBcIgM as the only serological evidence of HBV infection. This study identifies a possible danger of HBV transmission from febrile individuals who test positive for anti-HBc to the general population. Anti-HBc-IgM antibodies are prevalent in Port Harcourt among feverish patients. In Nigeria, screening patients who are feverish for anti-HBc IgM should be encouraged. This research represents the first evaluation of anti-HBc IgM in the South-South region of the nation.

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Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 41 publications

References 28 publications

Risk Stratification for Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Kidney Transplant Recipients With Resolved HBV Infection

Risk Stratification for Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Kidney Transplant Recipients With Resolved HBV Infection

Low Risk of Occult Hepatitis B Infection among Vietnamese Blood Donors

Serological Evidence of Hbc Igm Virus Among Febrile Patients in Rumueme, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

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