Prevalence of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction in Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Cross Sectional Study in Our Tertiary Care Hospital

Hajare, Priti S.; Harugop, Anil S.; Goswami, Lakshmi; Padmavathy, O.; Aggarwal, Umang; Reddy, Yannamreddy Lavanya

doi:10.1007/s12070-021-02702-w

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These 40 studies (reporting on 43 cohorts) were subjected to a meta-analysis (Table ). Fifteen studies reported anosmia prevalence in 18 cohorts with a total of 7247 COVID-19 patients from regions where the D614 virus was dominant: three studies from Kuwait or Singapore − and 12 from India or Pakistan. − We compared such data with the results obtained in 25 studies reporting on 25 cohorts with a total of 9626 South Asian patients from the Indian subcontinent (India and Bangladesh) and Oman, when the G614 virus had become dominant (Table , illustrated in Figure A and B). ,− The differences in results between the two types of cohorts are shown in the forest plots (Figure A). The pooled prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in the same ethnicity (South Asians) in regions with D614 predominance was 5.33% (95% confidence interval, CI = 3.52–8.00%), while in regions with G614 predominance, it was 31.79% (95% CI = 23.26–41.76%) (Figure A, C).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The D614G Virus Mutation Enhances Anosmia in COVID-19 Patients: Evidence from a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Studies from South Asia

Bartheld

Hagen

Butowt

2021

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The prevalence of chemosensory dysfunction in patients with COVID-19 varies greatly between populations. It is unclear whether such differences are due to factors at the level of the human host, or at the level of the coronavirus, or both. At the host level, the entry proteins which allow virus binding and entry have variants with distinct properties, and the frequency of such variants differs between ethnicities. At the level of the virus, the D614G mutation enhances virus entry to the host cell. Since the two virus strains (D614 and G614) coexisted in the first six months of the pandemic in most populations, it has been difficult to distinguish between contributions of the virus and contributions of the host for anosmia. To answer this question, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies in South Asian populations when either the D614 or the G614 virus was dominant. We show that populations infected predominantly with the G614 virus had a much higher prevalence of anosmia (pooled prevalence of 31.8%) compared with the same ethnic populations infected mostly with the D614 virus strain (pooled anosmia prevalence of 5.3%). We conclude that the D614G mutation is a major contributing factor that increases the prevalence of anosmia in COVID-19, and that this enhanced effect on olfaction constitutes a previously unrecognized phenotype of the D614G mutation. The new virus strains that have additional mutations on the background of the D614G mutation can be expected to cause a similarly increased prevalence of chemosensory dysfunctions.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The D614G Virus Mutation Enhances Anosmia in COVID-19 Patients: Evidence from a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Studies from South Asia

Bartheld

Hagen

Butowt

2021

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Saniasiaya et al (2021) cita que existem três hipóteses para explicar a fisiopatologia da disfunção olfatória decorrente da Covid-19, sendo elas: (1) obstrução mecânica, seguida da inflamação ao redor da fenda olfatória, impedindo que partículas odorantes se liguem aos receptores olfatórios; (2) infecção da célula de suporte que expressa ACE-2; e (3) invasão direta dos neurônios olfatórios pelo vírus, impedindo a transmissão da sinalização olfativa. Para Hajare et al (2021), o zinco sérico pode relacionar-se diretamente à anosmia e à disfunção do paladar, uma vez que serve como fator chave para a atividade da anidrase carbônica, mecanismo funcional presente no muco nasal e na saliva. Concomitante a isso, assim como supracitado, a ACE2, mais uma vez, é referida pelo autor como receptora direta do SARS-CoV-2.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Disfunção de olfato decorrente da COVID-19: Uma revisão integrativa de literatura

Carvalho,

Mendanha,

Vasconcelos

et al. 2023

RSD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introdução: existem relatos de uma manifestação secundária à infecção e atuação viral no organismo: distúrbios do olfato e, consequentemente, do paladar, e que estão presentes antes mesmo da confirmação molecular da infecção causada por SARS-CoV-2. Objetivo: responder quais são os mecanismos de disfunções olfatórias decorrentes da Covid-19, bem como fatores de risco e possíveis intervenções. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva do tipo revisão integrativa da literatura. A pesquisa foi realizada através do acesso online nas bases de dados National Library of Medicine (PubMed MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), Google Scholar, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e EBSCO Information Services, no mês de agosto de 2021. Resultados: Os mecanismos dos distúrbios olfatórios relacionados à infecção por SARS-CoV-2 ainda são desconhecidos, mas é provavelmente o resultado de vários padrões, como edema da mucosa nasal, dano epitelial olfatório e até mesmo envolvimento da região central vias olfativas. Foi demonstrado que a expressão de enzima conversora de angiotensina (ACE2) foi encontrada na camada basal do epitélio escamoso não queratinizante na mucosa nasal e oral e na nasofaringe. Conclusão: Podem ocorrer distúrbios olfativo-gustativos em intensidades variáveis e prévios aos sintomas gerais da Covid-19, devem ser considerados como parte dos sintomas da doença, mesmo em quadros leves. Não há ainda evidências científicas de tratamentos específicos para tais distúrbios na Covid-19, sendo de importância que estudos posteriores consigam, por meio de empirismo clínico, melhor propedêutica para esses casos, principalmente aqueles que manifestam-se como sequela duradoura da infecção por SARS-CoV-2.

show abstract

“…After 14 days, there was a 63.21% improvement in the sense of taste when compared to taste during the disease period. 25 According to one study from Turkey (155 subjects from a "pandemic hospital" were included in the period from 25.3. to 25.4. 2020, age 18-72 years, average 36.3 ± 8.1 years), 35.4% of the subjects had anosmia and 16.1% ageusia.…”

Section: Covid-19 a N D Olfactory A N D Gustatory Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction in Patients with COVID-19

Sinanović¹

2023

Science, Art and Religion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Infection with the new coronavirus [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)] was first registered in December 2019 in China and then later spread rapidly to the rest of the world. On 31 st December 2019, the World Health Organization on 11 th March 2020 declared a pandemic with this virus. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, the first infected person was registered on 5 th March 2020 in Banja Luka. Aim: To present some aspects of the olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in patients with the coronavirus disease of 2019 . Methods: The article has an analytical character and review of the literature. Results and Discussion: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has a high similarity with SARS-CoV-1 and uses the same receptors to enter the human body [angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)]. 2 COVID-19 is a respiratory infection that is primarily transmitted via respiratory droplets. In the first year of the pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has mutated several times, resulting in genetically different variants. The variants are named by using letters of the Greek alphabet. The Alpha variant (Wuhan, China), Beta variant (first outbreak in South Africa), the Gamma variant (first outbreak in Brazil), and the Delta variants (first outbreak in India and Omicron variant) have caused an increase in cases worldwide. Typical symptoms of COVID-19 infection can be very moderate to very severe, with severe respiratory symptoms and fatal outcomes. COVID-19 is primarily a disease of the respiratory system, but SARS-CoV-2 also penetrates the central nervous system (CNS) and apparently could be responsible for fatal outcomes in some cases. The entry of the virus into the brain can lead to different neurological and psychiatric manifestations, including headache, loss of smell (anosmia) and the loss of taste (ageusia), encephalopathy, encephalitis, paresthesia, myalgia, Guillain-Barre syndrome, and cerebrovascular diseases. Conclusion:The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily a disease of the respiratory system, but SARS-CoV-2 also penetrates the CNS, leading to serious neurological disorders, and apparently, it is also responsible for mortality. The frequency of anosmia and ageusia in patients with COVID-19 varies widely, from 10 to 65%, being the primary symptom in about 12% of patients. Most of the analyzed subjects reported olfactory recovery. However, anosmia and ageusia can last several months or even longer. For now, the etiopathogenesis of anosmia and ageusia in SARS-CoV-2 infection is still unknown. Nasal or systemic corticosteroids were recommended in the acute phase as well as olfactory training (sniffing the smell of rose, lemon, and cloves) in the acute and chronic phases, and many other drugs as potential therapeutics.

show abstract

Prevalence of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction in Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Cross Sectional Study in Our Tertiary Care Hospital

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

The D614G Virus Mutation Enhances Anosmia in COVID-19 Patients: Evidence from a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Studies from South Asia

The D614G Virus Mutation Enhances Anosmia in COVID-19 Patients: Evidence from a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Studies from South Asia

Disfunção de olfato decorrente da COVID-19: Uma revisão integrativa de literatura

Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction in Patients with COVID-19

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About