Prevalence of Olfactory Impairment in Older Adults

Murphy, Claire; Schubert, Carla R.; Cruickshanks, Karen J.; Klein, Barbara E. K.; Klein, Ronald; Nondahl, David M.

doi:10.1001/jama.288.18.2307

Cited by 957 publications

(1,085 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In addition, experimental studies of primate olfaction may prove useful in studies of aging: impairment in odor detection thresholds has been shown to occur in aged persons [18], and in persons with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease where olfactory impairments have been evidenced in the early stages of the disease [19;20]. As the gray mouse lemur has proved to be a relevant primate model for ageing studies [8], our results open further the possibility to evaluate impairments in cognitive performances in relation to ageing and neurodegenerative diseases in a non human primate model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Odor discrimination assessment with an automated olfactometric method in a prosimian primate, Microcebus murinus

Joly

Michel

Deputte

et al. 2004

Physiology & Behavior

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HAL author manuscript Physiol Behav 15/09/2004; 82(2-3): 325-9 2 AbstractThe present study was aimed at adapting an automated olfactometer designed for use with rodents to a nocturnal lemur Microcebus murinus. This apparatus allows rigorous control of odor stimuli. We show that Microcebus murinus could remain quiet and attentive for about 20 minutes in the test chamber, allowing daily sessions of 40 consecutive trials. This allowed us to train Microcebus murinus subjects to learn a go/no-go discrimination procedure using fruity odor cues. Each of 7 subjects reached or exceeded a criterion of 33 correct responses in a block of 40 trials in a range of 4 to 14 training sessions. When trained on an odor reversal task, performance initially dropped sharply, followed by rapid acquisition of the new task.These outcomes demonstrate that, like rodents, Microcebus murinus can be trained using operant conditioning in an automated olfactometer. This species should prove useful for investigating cognitive capacities and neurodegenerative disease in a primitive primate model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Odor discrimination assessment with an automated olfactometric method in a prosimian primate, Microcebus murinus

Joly

Michel

Deputte

et al. 2004

Physiology & Behavior

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“…Several studies, performed in different countries, showed that approximately 5 % of the general population is anosmic and about 15 % have reduced olfactory function [5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Olfactory Dysfunction in Turkish Population with using Survey Method and Validated Olfactory Testing

Altundağ

Tekelı

Salihoğlu

et al. 2014

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of olfactory dysfunction on quality of life (QOL), and to investigate olfactory dysfunction related self-reported clinical features in Turkish population. The participants were questioned about the presence of any olfactory dysfunction. Participants with a complaint of olfactory dysfunction were asked to fill out a survey and then a validated olfactory test was performed. We asked 2,824 volunteers whether they had olfactory dysfunctions or not. A total of 199 (6.7 %) people mentioned that they had, and filled out the questions in our survey. The mean age of the surveyed population was 44 ± 15 years. The current investigation produced four major findings (1) the feeling of inadequacy due to olfactory dysfunction was more common among females than males (2) there was a significant correlation between subjective olfactory complaints and objective olfactory testing (3) problems in QOL issues are typically reported primarily in the areas of safety and nutrition (4) the possible reasons for the olfactory dysfunction according to the volunteers were upper respiratory infections including rhinosinusitis (46 %), allergic rhinitis (27 %), severe face and head trauma (6.5 %). The effect of subjective olfactory dysfunctions on QOL among the Turkish population was investigated for the first time. Problems in daily life issues are typically reported primarily in the areas of safety and nutrition.

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“…Studies have shown older adults to be impaired relative to young adults on a variety olfactory tasks (Doty, Shaman, Kimmelman, & Dann, 1984;Gilbert, Pirogovsky, Ferdon, Brushfield, & Murphy, in press;Gilbert, Pirogovsky, Ferdon, & Murphy, 2006;Larsson & Backman, 1998;Murphy, Bacon, Bondi, & Salmon, 1998;Murphy, Cain, Gilmore, & Skinner, 1991;Murphy et al, 2002;Nordin & Murphy, 1998;Wysocki & Gilbert, 1989). Deficits in odor memory have been reported in healthy older adults at risk for AD based on family history (Schiffman, Graham, Sattely-Miller, Zervakis, & Welsh-Bohmer, 2002) or genetic risk factors (Gilbert & Murphy, 2004a, 2004bGraves et al, 1999;Murphy et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of discrimination and reversal learning for olfactory and visual stimuli in aged rats.

Brushfield

Luu²,

Callahan³

et al. 2008

Behavioral Neuroscience

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The present study investigated age-related differences in discrimination and reversal learning for olfactory and visual stimuli in 6 mo and 24 mo old rats. Rats were trained to discriminate between two pseudo-randomly selected odors or objects. Once each animal reached a criterion on discrimination trials, the reward contingencies were reversed. Young and aged rats acquired the olfactory and visual discrimination tasks at similar rates. However, on reversal trials, aged rats required significantly more trials to reach the learning criterion on both the olfactory and visual reversal tasks than young rats. The deficit in reversal learning was comparable for odors and objects. Furthermore, the results showed that rats acquired the olfactory task more readily than the visual task. The present study represents the first examination of age-related differences in reversal learning using the same paradigm for odors and objects to facilitate cross-modal comparisons. The results may have important implications for the selection of memory paradigms for future research studies on aging.

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Prevalence of Olfactory Impairment in Older Adults

Cited by 957 publications

References 48 publications

Odor discrimination assessment with an automated olfactometric method in a prosimian primate, Microcebus murinus

Odor discrimination assessment with an automated olfactometric method in a prosimian primate, Microcebus murinus

A Study on Olfactory Dysfunction in Turkish Population with using Survey Method and Validated Olfactory Testing

A comparison of discrimination and reversal learning for olfactory and visual stimuli in aged rats.

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