Prevalence of oral and anal human papillomavirus infection in Czech predominantly HIV-positive men having sex with men - data from a previously unreported population

Abstract

Background: HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) are more likely to experience human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The persistent HPV infection is the major factor in the development of anal and oropharyngeal neoplasms. Data on the prevalence of anal and oral HPV in MSM are almost absent from the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. We conducted a cross-sectional study focused on the prevalence of oral and anal HPV infections and the relationship between current anal and oral HPV intrapersonal infection in a Czech population of predominantly HIV-positive MSM. Methods: Oral gargle and anal swab samples from 205 predominantly HIV-positive MSM from the Czech Republic were analysed for HPV infection using PCR. Selected sociodemographic and clinical data were correlated with HPV detection using generalized linear models and multivariate analysis. Results: HPV infection was detected in 183 (96.8%) anal and 48 (23.6%) oral samples. The most common type of HR-HPV was HPV16 in both anal (25.4%) and oral (2.5%) samples. Multiple anal HPV infections and the presence of vaccine-targeted HR-HPV types were significantly correlated with abnormal anal cytology and HIV status. Conclusion: The prevalence of anal HPV infection in Czech predominantly HIV-positive MSM ranks among the highest reported, while oral HPV prevalence is consistent with MSM populations. Minimal overlap of oral and anal HPV types within a patient was observed.

Human papillomavirus prevalence and genotype distribution in Liaocheng men between 2016 and 2022

“…Between 1995 and 2009, the five most prevalent types worldwide were HPV16, HPV18, HPV52, HPV31, and HPV58 46 . Similar to our result, HPV16 was the most prevalent HR‐HPV type in the Czech, 30 Vietnam 42 , and Japan 41 . In Shanghai, China, HPV16, HPV59, and HPV52 were the most popular HR‐HPVs, whereas the three most frequent LR‐HPVs were HPV6, HPV11, and HPV43 39 .…”

“…The prevalence of HPV among men varied between countries and crowds. The male HPV infection rates in Czech, Brazil, and Hong Kong were 96.8%, 80%, and 90%, respectively, [30][31][32] which were higher than that mentioned in our study. Furthermore, the infection rates of any genital HPV type in men were in Brazil (60.2%), Mexico (49.2%), and the United States (46.9%).…”

Prevalence and development of a risk score for oral human papillomavirus infection in men who have sex with men in Mexico

“…The most prevalent oral HPV types in these groups of MSM varied and included 33 19 /56/66/70 17 . In one study, HPV16 14 was the most common oral HPV type, while in another no men had HPV16 16 in the oral cavity. It is important to acknowledge the high prevalence of varied hrHPV types in this specific population to better understand HPV‐related head and neck cancer natural history.…”

“…While in our study, oral HPV prevalence was 11.1%, other studies carried out with MSM have found an oral HPV prevalence ranging from 6% to 33.9% (average 18.5%). [14][15][16][17][18][19] Two of these studies found an oral hrHPV prevalence of 2.4% 16 and 19.6%. 18 The most prevalent oral HPV types in these groups of MSM varied and included 33 19 /56/66/70.…”

Screening for HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Cancer in Gay and Bisexual Men: Acceptability and Predicting Possible Use of “Oral Selfies” by Smartphone as a Secondary Prevention Approach

“…Of these, 85–96% are caused by HPV-16 infections [ 1 ]. A recent study of 205 HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) in the Czech Republic reported HPV in 96% of anal and 23% of oral samples, with HPV-16 being the most common genotype in both [ 2 ].…”