Prevalence of oral lesions in HIV infected adult population of Mangalore, Karnataka, India

Hegde, Mithra N; Hegde, Nidhi; Malhotra, Amit

doi:10.7750/biodiscovery.2012.4.3

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Oral lesions were found in 63% (n=22) of the patients in this study but Ceballos-Salobreña et al [17] had reported a lower frequency of oral lesions (up to 53%) than the present study in patients on ART. Higher frequency of oral lesions in the present study may be due to the fact that most patients in this study (n=22) had CD4+lymphocyte count <350 cells/mm3 which is considered as the state of advanced immunosuppression according to WHO immunological classification system [10]. On clinical examination, chronic periodontitis was seen in 20% (n=7) cases with one patient (2.9%) having linear gingival erythema (minor form of necrotizing periodontitis).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Oral Mucosal Changes in Patients of HIV /AIDS Taking Antiretroviral Therapy in Pakistan

Naseem¹

2014

J Cytol Histol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: This study was designed to describe different oral mucosal changes present in HIV/AIDS patients taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Pakistan and to compare these changes with CD4+ lymphocyte count and plasma viral load. Methods: Oral smears, from n=35 patients taking antiretroviral therapy, were prepared and examined microscopically using routine and special stains. CD4+ lymphocyte count was determined using flow cytometry. Latest plasma viral load levels were recorded from the patient`s updated laboratory record and patients were clinically examined and staged according to WHO clinical staging system. Results: Oral lesions were present in 63% of the patients with oral pigmentation in 45.7%, chronic periodontitis in 20%, linear gingival erythema in 2.9%, pseudomembranous candidiasis, oral ulcers and xerostomia each in 5.7% cases while mucositis, oral hairy leukoplakia and oral wart each in 2.9% cases. On cytological examination, fungi were detected in 48.5% smears. Inflammation was seen in 65.7% smears, micronuclei in 51.4%, nuclear atypia in 37.1% and dysplastic changes in 17.1% (grade 1 in 83.3% and grade 2 in 17%) smears. Most of the oral mucosal changes were seen with low CD4+ lymphocyte count but no association was seen with high viral load. Conclusions: This study describes different oral mucosal changes present in HIV/AIDS patients taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Pakistan and highlights their importance as a marker of immunosuppression and disease progression as these changes have strong association with low CD4+ lymphocyte count.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…CD4+ lymphocyte count was quantitatively grouped as <350 cells/mm 3 (Group 1) and >350 cells/mm 3 (Group 2). This cut point of 350 cells/mm 3 was used for grouping because according to WHO immunological classification, it is the state of advanced immunosuppression [10]. Group 1 comprised of n=22 (63%) while Group 2 had n=13 (37.1%) patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Mucosal Changes in Patients of HIV /AIDS Taking Antiretroviral Therapy in Pakistan

Naseem¹

2014

J Cytol Histol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…22 The total antioxidant level also decreased with decrease in CD4 count which could be used as biomarkers for correlation with disease progression in HIV infected individuals. 23 Similarly the nitric oxide (NO 2 þ NO 3 ) concentration in saliva could serve as an indicator of HIV replication and progression of disease as seen in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…20,21 Also our study on prevalence of oral lesions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients showed association between number of oral lesions and CD4þ count in HIV positive patients. 1 There is a soaring need for convenient and simple point-of-care diagnostic tools in developing countries, where many health risks and illnesses remain poorly defined. Information concerning the burden of disease, guidelines for health maintenance, and disease management are seriously inadequate, resulting in severe spread of disease and high death rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The condition gradually destroys the immune system, which makes it harder for the body to fight infections. 1 Nitric oxide (NO) is an important biologically active molecule that plays a key part in host defence against bacteria, protozoa, and tumour cells. NO has antiviral effects against several DNA viruses, such as murine poxvirus, herpes simplex virus, and EpsteineBarr virus, and some RNA viruses, such as coxsackievirus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Correlation between nitric oxide concentration (NO2 + NO3) in saliva and CD4+ count in HIV infected adult individuals of Mangalore, Karnataka, India

Hegde

Shetty

Malhotra

et al. 2014

Journal of Pierre Fauchard Academy (India Section)

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tAims: To investigate the correlation between nitric oxide concentration (NO 2 þ NO 3 ) in saliva and CD4þ count in HIV infected individuals. Study design: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 60 proven HIV-positive patients selected randomly from the ART centres. Methodology: Two groups e Control (n ¼ 30) and study group (n ¼ 60). The study group was divided into Group I (CD4þ count >200/cu.mm) and Group II (CD4þ count<200/cu.mm).Unstimulated saliva was collected and nitric oxide (NO 3 þ NO 3 ) was estimated by Griess method. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA and Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test. Results: The mean level of nitric oxide (NO 2 þ NO 3 ) in control group was 43.95 ± 3.64 and in Group I with CD4 >200/cu.mm and Group II with CD4 <200/cu.mm was 51.98 ± 4.08 and 59.78 ± 4.18 respectively. 'p' value was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). The mean difference between Control and Group I was À7.937 (P < 0.001), Control and Group II was À15.80 (P < 0.001) and Group I and Group II was À7.867 (P < 0.001) from Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test. Conclusions: From our study it is now evident that salivary nitric oxide (NO 2 þ NO 3 ) can serve as an indicator of HIV replication and saliva shows a strong potential to perform tests that are done currently in blood.

show abstract

Depression, sleep quality, and body image disturbances among pregnant women in India: a cross-sectional study

Kadam¹,

Anvekar²,

Unnithan³

2023

JYMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Pregnancy is associated with a number of physical, emotional, and biological changes that can exacerbate maternal psychological disturbances, such as body image concerns and depression. Sleep disturbances during pregnancy can also have adverse impacts. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression, sleep disturbances, and body image concerns among pregnant women. The study also examined the relationship between these factors and pregnancy-related variables, such as bad obstetric history and whether the pregnancies were unplanned.Methods: A cross-sectional study of 146 pregnant patients was conducted at a tertiary care center over 15 months. The patients were administered the Beck Depression Inventory, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Body Image Concern Inventory questionnaires. Contingency tables, Fisher exact test, and Spearman correlation were used to identify underlying relationships.Results: The prevalence of depression was 22.6%. Although body image disturbance was noted in only 2.7% of patients, 46.6% had poor sleep quality. Poor sleep was associated with primigravida status. Bad obstetric history and unplanned pregnancy were associated with depression. Depression was found to be significantly correlated with body image disturbances and poor sleep quality. Conclusion: Psychiatric disorders were prevalent during pregnancy. This study highlights the importance of screening for depression in pregnant patients. Counselling and caregiver education can be useful for mitigating psychological disturbances. Management of pregnancies by multidisciplinary teams that include psychiatrists could be immensely useful in improving the pregnancy experiences of patients.

show abstract

Prevalence of oral lesions in HIV infected adult population of Mangalore, Karnataka, India

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Oral Mucosal Changes in Patients of HIV /AIDS Taking Antiretroviral Therapy in Pakistan

Oral Mucosal Changes in Patients of HIV /AIDS Taking Antiretroviral Therapy in Pakistan

Correlation between nitric oxide concentration (NO2 + NO3) in saliva and CD4+ count in HIV infected adult individuals of Mangalore, Karnataka, India

Depression, sleep quality, and body image disturbances among pregnant women in India: a cross-sectional study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About