Prevalence of oral manifestations in children and adolescents with cancer submitted to chemotherapy

Abstract

BackgroundOral complications may be observed during chemotherapy and are important side effects that may directly affect the anticancer treatment, even causing septicaemia in some cases. This research was done in order to evaluate changes in oral lesions during follow-up of children and adolescents in chemotherapy at Hospital Estadual Infantil Nossa Senhora da Glória (HEINSG).MethodsThe study design was longitudinal, 45 patients were evaluated and monitored for 1 month after the initiation of chemotherapy. Twenty-eight patients were male and 17 female, ranging from 3 months to 18 years old.ResultsThe results show an increase in the number of mucositis cases and a decrease in xerostomia cases after the initiation of treatment, and other oral lesions were also found in low numbers.ConclusionsIt is possible to avoid oral complications by maintaining a good oral health, and reducing infectious outbreaks. It is also feasible to obtain an early diagnosis of, and treat these oral complications, preventing them from following a more severe clinical course that may negatively affect the individual’s treatment. This outcome requires the presence of a dental surgeon on the multidisciplinary cancer treatment team.

Prospective evaluation of clinical symptoms of chemotherapy‐induced oral mucositis in adult patients with acute leukemia: A preliminary study

“…In general, CIOM starts with the initial injury to cells by chemotherapy either as a direct DNA damage or as an indirect through the action of reactive oxygen species. Chemotherapy may be reflected on directly toxic to the oral cavity, as it performed by killing cells having high‐mitotic activity, such as the cells that make up the oral mucosa (Velten, Zandonade, & Monteiro de Barros Miotto, M. H., ). In our study, five out of eight patients were classified WHO Grade 2 with ulceration.…”

Oral health problems among palliative and terminally ill patients: an integrated systematic review

“…Studies reporting on oral conditions among palliative patients are summarized in Table 1. Of the included studies, 16 were quantitative studies [5,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], and 3 were qualitative studies [25][26][27] (Table 2).…”

“…Out of 19 studies, 13 reported xerostomia or dryness of mouth [5, 11, 14-17, 19, 23-28]. Eight studies reported candidiasis or oral thrush [11,14,16,20,[23][24][25][26]. Six studies reported dysphagia or swallowing difficulties [15, 17-19, 22, 26].…”

“…Four studies reported taste changes [5,23,25,28] and two reported ulceration [5,26], coughing [17,18] and oral discomfort [25,26]. Other oral conditions reported are stomatitis [11], salivary hypofunction [5], mucosal erythema [5], fungal infection [5], periodontitis [12], cold sores [14], dental caries [16], gingival inflammation [16], tongue coating and inflammation [16], bleeding spots [16], plaque [17], food particles and fungus infection [17], sores and scabs [17], viscous ropy saliva and chapped lips [17], halitosis [17], problems using dentures [17], problems with oral secretions [18], dysarthria [19], oral yeast carriage [24], mucosal friction [25], and bouts of ulceration and infection [27]. Table 3 presents our findings associating the social and functional impact of oral conditions [5,[25][26][27][28].…”

[Id 34936] Condição De Saúde Bucal, Acesso Aos Serviços Odontológicos E Avaliação Do Cuidado Ofertado a Pacientes Pediátricos Oncológicos Em Um Hospital De Referência

“…6 A lterações bucais são comuns em pacientes pediátricos oncológicos e se relacionam tanto com variáveis próprias aos mesmos, como a idade, o diagnóstico e o grau de higiene bucal; quanto com o protocolo antineoplásico adotado, isto é, o fármaco utilizado, dose e frequência do tratamento 1 . Tais alterações podem ser diversas: mucosites, xerostomia, infecções bacterianas, fúngicas ou virais 2 .…”