Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions among Tobacco Consumers: Cross-Sectional Study

Singh, Gajarathi; Preethi, Bhosle; Chaitanya, Kasi K.; Navyasree, M.; Kumar, T. Gautham; Kaushik, Menta Satish

doi:10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_104_23

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…Apart from actinic cheilitis, among the OPMDs, FD was widely and preponderantly investigated in oral leukoplakia [22,26,[44][45][46][47] and oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) [20,27,28,30], mainly by the Indian groups, where OSF is endemic [47]. Regarding OLP, different preliminary studies investigated fractal analysis of mucosal microvascular patterns [36] and fractal dimension analysis to differentiate between lichen planus and leukoplakia [45].…”

Section: Fractal Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractal Analysis Applied to the Diagnosis of Oral Cancer and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: A Comprehensive Review

Contaldo,

Di Spirito,

Di Palo

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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In nature, everything is regular and orderly arranged. The degree of derailment from geometry is related to the disarrangement of living tissues associated with diseases. In the diagnostic field, fractal analysis calculates the fractal dimension (FD), a numerical measure of the degree of regularity of a tissue or structure. As for oral lesions, fractal analysis has been reported to determine the degree of irregular tissue/vascularization derailment mathematically, and this event has been correlated with the nature of the lesion. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the scientific literature on the fractal analysis of oral cancer and its precursors (oral potentially malignant disorders, OPMDs) to convey whether the specific fractal dimension may be predictive of cancer or the cancerous progression of OPMDs. For this purpose, three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science) were investigated according to the PRISMA checklist to answer the following query: “Is fractal analysis a support method to diagnose oral cancer and distinguish it from its precursors?” The risk of biases was also assessed. All original articles published in English were considered; letters, reviews, editorials, and proceedings were excluded.

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Section: Fractal Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractal Analysis Applied to the Diagnosis of Oral Cancer and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: A Comprehensive Review

Contaldo,

Di Spirito,

Di Palo

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Erosive lichen planus: an unmet disease burden

Macken,

Senusi,

O’Toole

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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ObjectivesTo explore the demographic and clinical profile of erosive lichen planus (ELP) across multiple ethnicities within a single cohort, deepening our understanding of disease severity, progression and outcomes.MethodsA longitudinal retrospective cohort study of ELP patients in the ethnically diverse population of East London was carried out, profiling ELP (n = 57) against the milder reticular lichen planus (RLP) (n = 35).ResultsA higher prevalence of ELP was observed in white populations compared to other ethnicities. Affected females were no more likely than males to develop ELP. There was an increased time to diagnosis for ELP patients (median ELP: 452 days, RLP: 312 days), spending longer in primary care before onward referral, in particular when referred by their general medical practitioner (GP) (median dentist 313 days, GP: 606 days). Depression was more likely to occur alongside ELP. Being an ex-smoker is a risk factor for ELP while being a current smoker is associated with RLP. A higher proportion of patients with ELP were missing teeth and had periodontal disease. Multisite involvement was more common in ELP, (ELP: 68% RLP: 11.43%). 55% of ELP cases developed scarring and were less likely to respond to first line medications, requiring systemic immunosuppression. The duration of follow up was increased in the ELP who were reviewed for almost twice as long as RLP patients (ELP 71 months, RLP 35 months).ConclusionELP takes longer to diagnose, requires prolonged tertiary care and is more resistant to treatment, when compared across multiple ethnicities. These patients have increased medical and oral health needs and are at greater risk of scarring than the reticular form. A greater education amongst primary carers on its presentation, as well as a greater understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving ELP are required to improve diagnostics and identify novel therapeutic approaches.

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Evaluation of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Iranian Smokers and Non-smokers

Shoorgashti,

Moshiri,

Lesan

2024

Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice

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Background: Tobacco smoking statistics are alarming and the oral mucosa is the first human part of the body that is exposed to the toxic substances of smoking. Aims: Considering the high prevalence rate of tobacco-associated problems in the oral cavity and few studies on the Iranian population regarding the effects of smoking on the oral cavity, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between smoking and oral lesions in the Iranian population. Materials and Methods: Observational study. In this observational study, the oral cavities of 200 participants (smokers = 100 and non-smokers = 100) were examined by a trained dental student under the supervision of an oral and maxillofacial medicine expert, and the presence of coated tongue, leukoedema, leukoplakia, smoker’s palate, smoker’s melanosis, erythroplakia, frictional hyperkeratosis, acute pseudomembranous candidiasis, and erythematous candidiasis were recorded. Xerostomia was evaluated based on participants’ self-reporting through a questionnaire. All data were analyzed using T-test, Chi-square test, odd ratio, 95% confidence interval, Fisher’s exact test, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results: The results of this study showed smoking is significantly associated with an increased risk of coated tongue (OR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.32-3.54, P = 0.005), smoker’s melanosis (OR: 6.176, 95% CI: 3.28-11.62, P = 0.00002), and frictional hyperkeratosis (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 0.68-2.60, P = 0.005). However, no significant association was observed between smoking and leukoedema (OR: 1, 95% CI: 0.51-1.94, P = 1). None of the participants presented smoker’s palate, erythroplakia, and candidiasis. Conclusions: This study’s results showed that smokers exhibited a greater chance of developing oral lesions compared to non-smokers.

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Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions among Tobacco Consumers: Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Fractal Analysis Applied to the Diagnosis of Oral Cancer and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: A Comprehensive Review

Fractal Analysis Applied to the Diagnosis of Oral Cancer and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: A Comprehensive Review

Erosive lichen planus: an unmet disease burden

Evaluation of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Iranian Smokers and Non-smokers

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